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Humanistyka ACT - Władza i rządy

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
monarch
[Rzeczownik]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

monarcha, władca

monarcha, władca

dictator
[Rzeczownik]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

dyktator, despota

dyktator, despota

regime
[Rzeczownik]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

reżim, system rządów

reżim, system rządów

despotism
[Rzeczownik]

a form of government where a single ruler or authority exercises absolute power without checks or limitations

despotyzm, despota

despotyzm, despota

mutiny
[Rzeczownik]

a bold uprising by a group, often soldiers or sailors, against their leaders

bunt, mutyn

bunt, mutyn

revolt
[Rzeczownik]

a rebellion or uprising, often involving violence, by a group of people against an authority or ruling power

rebelią, powstaniem

rebelią, powstaniem

rebellion
[Rzeczownik]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

rebellia, bunt

rebellia, bunt

sedition
[Rzeczownik]

the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

sedycja, naruszenie porządku publicznego

sedycja, naruszenie porządku publicznego

allegiance
[Rzeczownik]

a committed loyalty or dedication to a particular cause, group, or belief

lojalność, przywiązanie

lojalność, przywiązanie

Ex: The secret society demanded allegiance from its members .
suffrage
[Rzeczownik]

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

sufrażysmy, prawo głosu

sufrażysmy, prawo głosu

independence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, samodzielność

niepodległość, samodzielność

ally
[Rzeczownik]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

sojusznik, sprzymierzeniec

sojusznik, sprzymierzeniec

Ex: As ally, they agreed to assist in military operations and share intelligence .
liberation
[Rzeczownik]

the pursuit or achievement of equal rights, freedoms, or social status for individuals or groups previously oppressed or restricted

wyzwolenie, emancypacja

wyzwolenie, emancypacja

guerrilla
[Rzeczownik]

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

guerrilla, partyzant

guerrilla, partyzant

liberty
[Rzeczownik]

the ability to make decisions or act freely according to one's own will, without being restricted by external constraints

wolność, swoboda

wolność, swoboda

reform
[Rzeczownik]

organized efforts aimed at improving or changing existing laws, policies, or practices to address perceived injustices or inefficiencies

reforma, zmiana

reforma, zmiana

Ex: The reform campaign sought to strengthen workers ' rights and improve workplace conditions nationwide .
lobby
[Rzeczownik]

an organized group of individuals or organizations that actively seek to influence public officials and policymakers on specific issues or laws

lobby, grupa lobbingowa

lobby, grupa lobbingowa

coalition
[Rzeczownik]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalicja, sojusz

koalicja, sojusz

servitude
[Rzeczownik]

a condition in which individuals are forced to work or provide services against their will, without the ability to freely leave or negotiate their conditions

niewolnictwo, służba

niewolnictwo, służba

successor
[Rzeczownik]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

następca, dziedzic

następca, dziedzic

accession
[Rzeczownik]

the action of assuming an important position or title

akcesja, obejście

akcesja, obejście

Ex: After years of training and dedication , accession to the rank of general was a proud moment for his family .
dynasty
[Rzeczownik]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dynastia, dynastia królewska

dynastia, dynastia królewska

majoritarian
[przymiotnik]

making decisions based on the preferences of the majority, often without significant consideration for the rights or interests of minority groups

większościowy, majorytarny

większościowy, majorytarny

tyrannical
[przymiotnik]

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

tyranskie, despotyczne

tyranskie, despotyczne

seditious
[przymiotnik]

(of actions, speech, writings, etc.) encouraging rebellion against established authority or government

sedycyjny, buntowniczy

sedycyjny, buntowniczy

downtrodden
[przymiotnik]

oppressed or treated unfairly, especially by those in power

uciskany, poniżany

uciskany, poniżany

mandatory
[przymiotnik]

ordered or required by a rule or law

obowiązkowy, nakazowy

obowiązkowy, nakazowy

imperial
[przymiotnik]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

imperialny, cesarski

imperialny, cesarski

naval
[przymiotnik]

relating to the armed forces that operate at seas or waters in general

morski, navalny

morski, navalny

to relinquish
[Czasownik]

to voluntarily give up or surrender control, possession, or responsibility over something

zrzec się, wyrzec się

zrzec się, wyrzec się

Ex: The company relinquish its hold on the market .
to commandeer
[Czasownik]

to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

przejmować, zagrabiać

przejmować, zagrabiać

to abdicate
[Czasownik]

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

abdykować, zrzec się

abdykować, zrzec się

Ex: The ruler abdicating the throne due to health concerns .
to enforce
[Czasownik]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

egzekwować, wprowadzać w życie

egzekwować, wprowadzać w życie

to command
[Czasownik]

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

rozkazać, nakazać

rozkazać, nakazać

to boycott
[Czasownik]

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

bojkotować, zbojkotować

bojkotować, zbojkotować

to dominate
[Czasownik]

to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

dominować, panować

dominować, panować

to usurp
[Czasownik]

to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

uzurpować, zajmować (np. pozycję)

uzurpować, zajmować (np. pozycję)

to entitle
[Czasownik]

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

uprawniać, dawać prawo

uprawniać, dawać prawo

to colonize
[Czasownik]

to settle and build communities in new, often unexplored, areas

kolonizować, osiedlać się

kolonizować, osiedlać się

Ex: While facing challenges , pioneers colonizing the unexplored territories .
to ratify
[Czasownik]

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

ratyfikować, zatwierdzić

ratyfikować, zatwierdzić

to sanction
[Czasownik]

to impose a penalty or punitive measure upon an individual, entity, or action

sankcjonować, ukarać

sankcjonować, ukarać

to overrule
[Czasownik]

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

uchylić, znieść

uchylić, znieść

to annex
[Czasownik]

to take control of or incorporate additional land into an existing country or state

aneksować, przejąć

aneksować, przejąć

Ex: The ruler 's ambition was annex neighboring kingdoms to consolidate his power .
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