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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 1 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (1)

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 1 - Pagbasa - Passage 3 (1) sa Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
to conquer
[Pandiwa]

to overcome a challenge or obstacle

lupigin, malampasan

lupigin, malampasan

Ex: Communities unite to conquer crises and rebuild in the aftermath of natural disasters .Ang mga komunidad ay nagkakaisa upang **lupigin** ang mga krisis at muling itayo pagkatapos ng mga natural na kalamidad.
satellite
[Pangngalan]

an object sent into space to travel around the earth and send or receive information

satellite, sasakyang pangkalawakan

satellite, sasakyang pangkalawakan

Ex: He studied images sent by a satellite in space .Pinag-aralan niya ang mga imaheng ipinadala ng isang **satellite** sa kalawakan.
shard
[Pangngalan]

a sharp piece of broken material, such as glass or pottery

piraso, tipak

piraso, tipak

Ex: He stepped on a shard, wincing in pain .Tumapak siya sa isang **piraso**, na umungol sa sakit.
collision
[Pangngalan]

(physics) the act of two or more moving items crashing into each other

banggaan, sagupa

banggaan, sagupa

Ex: The collision of the two magnetic fields created a powerful shockwave in the plasma .Ang **pagbanggaan** ng dalawang magnetic field ay lumikha ng isang malakas na shockwave sa plasma.
debris
[Pangngalan]

the scattered pieces of waste, remains, or broken objects, often left after destruction or an accident

mga labi, mga basura

mga labi, mga basura

Ex: The firefighters carefully moved the debris to prevent further collapse .Maingat na inilipat ng mga bumbero ang **mga guho** upang maiwasan ang karagdagang pagbagsak.

pursue to a conclusion or bring to a successful issue

ituloy hanggang sa katapusan, tagumpay na isakatuparan

ituloy hanggang sa katapusan, tagumpay na isakatuparan

to deploy
[Pandiwa]

to put into use or action

mag-deploy, ipatupad

mag-deploy, ipatupad

Ex: The manager instructed the team to deploy their problem-solving skills to address the issue .Inatasan ng manager ang koponan na **gamitin** ang kanilang mga kasanayan sa paglutas ng problema upang tugunan ang isyu.
constellation
[Pangngalan]

an arrangement of parts or elements

konstelasyon, ayos

konstelasyon, ayos

disaster
[Pangngalan]

a sudden and unfortunate event that causes a great amount of death and destruction

sakuna,  kalamidad

sakuna, kalamidad

Ex: The outbreak of the disease was a public health disaster.Ang pagsiklab ng sakit ay isang **sakuna** sa kalusugan ng publiko.
iridium
[Pangngalan]

a heavy brittle metallic element of the platinum group; used in alloys; occurs in natural alloys with platinum or osmium

iridyum, isang mabigat at marupok na metalikong elemento ng platinum group

iridyum, isang mabigat at marupok na metalikong elemento ng platinum group

to smash
[Pandiwa]

to forcefully come into contact with an object or surface

basag, mabangga nang malakas

basag, mabangga nang malakas

Ex: The heavy rain smashed against the windows , making it difficult to see outside .Ang malakas na ulan ay **bumagsak** sa mga bintana, na nagpapahirap na makita sa labas.

an artificial satellite that relays signals back to earth; moves in a geostationary orbit

satelayt ng komunikasyon, satelayt ng pagpapadala

satelayt ng komunikasyon, satelayt ng pagpapadala

cosmos
[Pangngalan]

the universe, particularly when it is thought of as a systematic whole

kosmos, sansinukob

kosmos, sansinukob

Ex: Understanding the cosmos requires interdisciplinary collaboration across astronomy , cosmology , and physics .Ang pag-unawa sa **kosmos** ay nangangailangan ng interdisiplinaryong pakikipagtulungan sa pagitan ng astronomiya, kosmolohiya, at pisika.
orbit
[Pangngalan]

the path an object in the space follows to move around a planet, star, etc.

orbita, landas

orbita, landas

Ex: When a spacecraft enters the orbit of another planet , it must adjust its velocity to achieve a stable trajectory .Kapag ang isang spacecraft ay pumasok sa **orbita** ng ibang planeta, kailangan nitong ayusin ang bilis nito upang makamit ang isang matatag na trajectory.
threat
[Pangngalan]

someone or something that is possible to cause danger, trouble, or harm

banta, panganib

banta, panganib

Ex: The snake ’s venomous bite is a real threat to humans if not treated promptly .Ang makamandag na kagat ng ahas ay isang tunay na **banta** sa mga tao kung hindi agad malulunasan.
civil
[pang-uri]

connected to the government or public life, rather than religion or the military

sibil, pambayan

sibil, pambayan

Ex: The couple opted for a civil ceremony instead of a religious one .Ang mag-asawa ay pumili ng isang **sibil** na seremonya sa halip na isang relihiyoso.
department
[Pangngalan]

a part of an organization such as a university, government, etc. that deals with a particular task

kagawaran

kagawaran

Ex: The health department issued a warning about the flu outbreak .Ang **kagawaran** ng kalusugan ay naglabas ng babala tungkol sa pagsiklab ng trangkaso.
times
[Preposisyon]

used to multiply a number by another

beses, multiplied sa pamamagitan ng

beses, multiplied sa pamamagitan ng

Ex: What is six times seven?Ano ang anim **na** pitong beses?
average
[Pangngalan]

a value that represents the central or typical point in a set of data, often calculated as the mean, median, or mode

karaniwan, gitnang halaga

karaniwan, gitnang halaga

Ex: The average for the week ’s temperature was higher than usual .Ang **average** ng temperatura sa linggo ay mas mataas kaysa karaniwan.
to rise
[Pandiwa]

to grow in number, amount, size, or value

tumaas, lumago

tumaas, lumago

Ex: His blood pressure rose when he heard the news .Tumaas ang kanyang presyon ng dugo nang marinig niya ang balita.
sharply
[pang-abay]

with a sudden and significant change; dramatically

bigla, matindi

bigla, matindi

Ex: The student 's grades improved sharply after receiving tutoring assistance .Ang mga grado ng mag-aaral ay bumuti **nang husto** pagkatapos makatanggap ng tulong sa pagtuturo.
leading
[pang-uri]

greatest in significance, importance, degree, or achievement

pangunahing, nangunguna

pangunahing, nangunguna

Ex: Poor sanitation is the leading cause of the disease.Ang mahinang sanitasyon ang **pangunahing** sanhi ng sakit.
shrapnel
[Pangngalan]

fragments from an explosion, causing damage to surroundings

mga pira-piraso, shrapnel

mga pira-piraso, shrapnel

Ex: The military surgeon removed shrapnel fragments from the injured soldier 's leg during surgery .Inalis ng military surgeon ang mga piraso ng **shrapnel** mula sa binti ng nasugatang sundalo habang nagsasagawa ng operasyon.
to threaten
[Pandiwa]

to indicate a potential danger or risk to someone or something

bantaan, magbanta

bantaan, magbanta

Ex: The lack of cybersecurity measures could threaten the integrity of sensitive information .Ang kakulangan ng mga hakbang sa cybersecurity ay maaaring **magbanta** sa integridad ng sensitibong impormasyon.
zone
[Pangngalan]

a specific area with unique characteristics

sona, lugar

sona, lugar

Ex: He entered the no-phone zone to focus on his work .Pumasok siya sa **sona** na walang telepono upang magpokus sa kanyang trabaho.
to stretch
[Pandiwa]

to cover a significant distance or expanse

lumawak, umabot

lumawak, umabot

Ex: The Great Wall of China stretches for thousands of miles , traversing rugged terrain and historic landmarks .Ang Great Wall of China ay **umaabot** sa libu-libong milya, dumadaan sa mga mabato at makasaysayang lugar.
altitude
[Pangngalan]

angular distance above the horizon (especially of a celestial object)

taas, elevasyon

taas, elevasyon

roughly
[pang-abay]

without being exact

humigit-kumulang, mga

humigit-kumulang, mga

Ex: The distance between the two cities is roughly 100 kilometers .Ang distansya sa pagitan ng dalawang lungsod ay **humigit-kumulang** 100 kilometro.
operator
[Pangngalan]

a person who uses or controls a machine, device or piece of equipment

operador, operadora

operador, operadora

to steer
[Pandiwa]

to control the direction of a moving object, such as a car, ship, etc.

patnubayan, maneho

patnubayan, maneho

Ex: She steered the plane smoothly onto the runway for landing .**Itinaboy** niya nang maayos ang eroplano papunta sa runway para lumapag.
crash
[Pangngalan]

an accident in which a vehicle, plane, etc. hits something else

aksidente, banggaan

aksidente, banggaan

Ex: He was shaken but unharmed after the crash that occurred when he lost control of his car .Siya ay nanginginig ngunit walang sugat pagkatapos ng **banggaan** na nangyari nang mawalan siya ng kontrol sa kanyang sasakyan.
to consume
[Pandiwa]

to use a supply of energy, fuel, etc.

kumonsumo, gumamit

kumonsumo, gumamit

Ex: Efficient appliances and lighting systems can significantly lower the amount of electricity consumed in homes .Ang mga episyenteng appliance at sistema ng pag-iilaw ay maaaring makabuluhang bawasan ang dami ng kuryenteng **kinokonsumo** sa mga tahanan.
otherwise
[pang-abay]

in a manner different from the one that has been mentioned

kung hindi, sa ibang paraan

kung hindi, sa ibang paraan

Ex: The contract stipulates that payment should be made within 30 days , unless agreed otherwise by both parties .Ang kontrata ay nagtatakda na ang bayad ay dapat gawin sa loob ng 30 araw, maliban kung magkasundo ang dalawang partido **ng iba pa**.
spacecraft
[Pangngalan]

a vehicle designed to travel in space

sasakyang pangkalawakan, bapor pangkalawakan

sasakyang pangkalawakan, bapor pangkalawakan

Ex: After completing its mission , the spacecraft re-entered Earth 's atmosphere and safely returned with samples collected from space .Matapos makumpleto ang misyon nito, ang **sasakyang pangkalawakan** ay muling pumasok sa atmospera ng Daigdig at ligtas na bumalik kasama ang mga sample na kinolekta mula sa kalawakan.
to go back
[Pandiwa]

to trace the existence or origin of something to a specific point in time

bumalik, sundan

bumalik, sundan

Ex: The local library's archives go back to the founding of the town.Ang mga archive ng lokal na aklatan ay **nagmula** sa pagkatatag ng bayan.
era
[Pangngalan]

a period of history marked by particular features or events

panahon, kapanahunan

panahon, kapanahunan

Ex: The Industrial Revolution ushered in an era of rapid technological and economic change .Ang Rebolusyong Industriyal ay nagpasimula ng isang **panahon** ng mabilis na pagbabago sa teknolohiya at ekonomiya.

to examine something scientifically, typically to discover facts or evidence

imbestigahan, suriin

imbestigahan, suriin

Ex: Engineers investigate the structural integrity of the bridge before opening it to traffic .Sinusuri ng mga inhinyero ang integridad na istruktural ng tulay bago ito buksan sa trapiko.
to attack
[Pandiwa]

to begin dealing with a problem or task in a focused and energetic manner

atake, harapin

atake, harapin

Ex: She attacked the math problem with confidence , solving it in just a few minutes .**Sinalakay** niya ang problema sa matematika nang may kumpiyansa, at nalutas ito sa loob lamang ng ilang minuto.
to assess
[Pandiwa]

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

suriin, hatulan

suriin, hatulan

Ex: The coach assessed the players ' skills during tryouts for the team .**Sinuri** ng coach ang mga kasanayan ng mga manlalaro sa panahon ng tryouts para sa koponan.
efficiently
[pang-abay]

with minimum waste of resources or energy

mahusay,  nang mahusay

mahusay, nang mahusay

Ex: The public transportation system operates efficiently, providing timely services to commuters .Ang sistema ng pampublikong transportasyon ay gumagana **nang mahusay**, na nagbibigay ng serbisyong nasa oras sa mga pasahero.
to compile
[Pandiwa]

to gather information in order to produce a book, report, etc.

mag-ipon, tipunin

mag-ipon, tipunin

Ex: The editor compiled articles from different writers into a magazine issue .**Tinipon** ng editor ang mga artikulo mula sa iba't ibang manunulat sa isang isyu ng magasin.
massive
[pang-uri]

exceptionally large or extensive in scope, degree, or impact

napakalaki, malawakan

napakalaki, malawakan

Ex: The media coverage of the event was massive, with news outlets around the world reporting on it .Ang coverage ng media sa event ay **napakalaki**, na may mga news outlet sa buong mundo na nag-uulat tungkol dito.
data
[Pangngalan]

information or facts collected to be used for various purposes

data, impormasyon

data, impormasyon

Ex: The census collects demographic data to understand population trends .Ang census ay nangongolekta ng demograpikong **data** upang maunawaan ang mga trend ng populasyon.
taxonomy
[Pangngalan]

a classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin etc

taxonomy, sistematika

taxonomy, sistematika

to measure
[Pandiwa]

to find out the exact size of something or someone

sukatin, kumuha ng sukat

sukatin, kumuha ng sukat

Ex: The doctor measures the patient 's height in centimeters during the check-up .Sinusukat ng doktor ang taas ng pasyente sa sentimetro sa panahon ng check-up.
property
[Pangngalan]

a feature or quality of something

ari-arian, katangian

ari-arian, katangian

Ex: Elasticity is a material property that measures its ability to return to its original shape after being deformed .Ang **elasticity** ay isang **katangian** ng materyal na sumusukat sa kakayahan nitong bumalik sa orihinal na hugis pagkatapos ma-deform.
alternative
[Pangngalan]

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

alternatibo,  opsyon

alternatibo, opsyon

Ex: When the restaurant was full , we had to consider an alternative for dinner .Nang puno ang restawran, kailangan naming isaalang-alang ang isang **alternatibo** para sa hapunan.
unthinkable
[pang-uri]

beyond what is acceptable or reasonable to imagine

hindi maisip, hindi maaaring isipin

hindi maisip, hindi maaaring isipin

Ex: The accident caused unthinkable damage to the city .Ang aksidente ay nagdulot ng **hindi maisip** na pinsala sa lungsod.
uncontrolled
[pang-uri]

lacking regulation, restraint, or governance, resulting in chaos, disorder, or wildness

hindi kontrolado, walang pigil

hindi kontrolado, walang pigil

Ex: The uncontrolled growth of invasive plant species disrupted the natural ecosystem of the wetland area .Ang **hindi makontrol** na paglago ng mga invasive na species ng halaman ay nagambala sa natural na ecosystem ng wetland area.
to generate
[Pandiwa]

to cause or give rise to something

lumikha, magdulot

lumikha, magdulot

Ex: The marketing team generates leads through various online channels .Ang marketing team ay **nakakagawa** ng mga lead sa pamamagitan ng iba't ibang online channels.
to set off
[Pandiwa]

to be the first cause of a chain of events, actions, or reactions that unfold unexpectedly

magpasimula, mag-udyok

magpasimula, mag-udyok

Ex: Please avoid discussing that sensitive topic ; it might set off an argument .Mangyaring iwasan ang pagtalakay sa sensitibong paksang iyon; maaari itong **magpasimula** ng isang argumento.
runaway
[pang-uri]

completely out of control

wala nang kontrol, hindi makontrol

wala nang kontrol, hindi makontrol

cascade
[Pangngalan]

a large, continuous flow or outpouring of something, such as light, hair, or even emotions, falling or spreading downward in abundance

fragment
[Pangngalan]

a small piece or part that has broken off from a larger whole, often referring to objects or materials

piraso, tipak

piraso, tipak

Ex: The detective found fragments of glass near the broken window , indicating a break-in .Natagpuan ng detektib ang mga **piraso** ng baso malapit sa sirang bintana, na nagpapahiwatig ng pagsalakay.
to render
[Pandiwa]

to cause something to develop into a particular state, condition, or quality

gawin, maging sanhi

gawin, maging sanhi

Ex: The harsh criticism rendered him despondent and disheartened .Ang matinding pagpuna ay **nagpabagsak** sa kanya at nawalan ng pag-asa.
unusable
[pang-uri]

not able to be used or accessed effectively, typically due to damage, malfunction, or impracticality

hindi magagamit, walang silbi

hindi magagamit, walang silbi

Ex: The expired driver 's license was unusable for identification purposes .Ang expired na driver's license ay **hindi magagamit** para sa mga layunin ng pagkilala.

the time when it becomes impossible for one to return to a previous place or state or to make a different decision

Ex: Accepting the job offer meant relocating to a new city, marking the point of no return in her career.
to monitor
[Pandiwa]

to keep someone or something under observation, typically for safety or security purposes

subaybayan, monitor

subaybayan, monitor

Ex: Border patrol agents use drones to monitor remote areas for illegal border crossings .Gumagamit ang mga ahente ng border patrol ng mga drone upang **subaybayan** ang mga malalayong lugar para sa ilegal na pagtawid sa hangganan.

to work with someone else in order to create something or reach the same goal

makipagtulungan, magtrabaho nang magkasama

makipagtulungan, magtrabaho nang magkasama

Ex: Teachers and parents collaborated to organize a successful school fundraiser .Ang mga guro at magulang ay **nagtulungan** upang mag-organisa ng isang matagumpay na school fundraiser.
shared
[pang-uri]

available to or involving all parties

ibinahagi, pangkaraniwan

ibinahagi, pangkaraniwan

Ex: The park was a shared space for all residents to enjoy .Ang parke ay isang **pinagsasaluhan** na espasyo para sa lahat ng residente upang tamasahin.
agency
[Pangngalan]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

ahensya, opisina

ahensya, opisina

Ex: An insurance agency sells and services insurance policies to clients , acting as a liaison between the insurer and the insured .Ang isang **ahensya** ng seguro ay nagbebenta at naglilingkod ng mga polisa ng seguro sa mga kliyente, na gumaganap bilang isang tagapamagitan sa pagitan ng insurer at ng insured.
coordination
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of organizing different parts of something so that they can properly work as a whole

koordinasyon

koordinasyon

Ex: Poor coordination led to delays in the construction project .Ang mahinang **koordinasyon** ay nagdulot ng pagkaantala sa proyekto ng konstruksyon.
committee
[Pangngalan]

a group of people appointed or elected to perform a specific function, task, or duty

komite, lupon

komite, lupon

Ex: The committee on education proposed reforms to improve the quality of public schooling .**Ang komite** sa edukasyon ay nagmungkahi ng mga reporma upang mapabuti ang kalidad ng pampublikong paaralan.
guideline
[Pangngalan]

a principle or instruction based on which a person should behave or act in a particular situation

gabay, patnubay

gabay, patnubay

Ex: The teacher provided clear guidelines for completing the research project , including deadlines and formatting requirements .Ang guro ay nagbigay ng malinaw na **mga alituntunin** para sa pagtatapos ng proyekto sa pananaliksik, kasama ang mga deadline at mga kinakailangan sa pag-format.
sustainability
[Pangngalan]

the capacity to be maintained for a long time and causing no harm to the environment

pagpapanatili, pagpapatuloy

pagpapanatili, pagpapatuloy

Ex: Educating communities about sustainability promotes responsible water use .Ang **pag-edukar** sa mga komunidad tungkol sa **pagpapanatili** ay nagtataguyod ng responsableng paggamit ng tubig.
to inactivate
[Pandiwa]

make inactive

hindi aktibo, gawing hindi aktibo

hindi aktibo, gawing hindi aktibo

to vent
[Pandiwa]

to let something, like air or gas, escape through an opening or passage

magpalabas ng hangin, magventilate

magpalabas ng hangin, magventilate

Ex: The cooling system vented the steam outside .Ang sistema ng paglamig ay **naglabas** ng singaw sa labas.
leftover
[pang-uri]

remaining after the main part has been used or taken away

natira, tira

natira, tira

Ex: After the party , there were leftover decorations to pack away .Pagkatapos ng party, may mga **natirang** dekorasyon na dapat itago.
explosion
[Pangngalan]

a sudden, forceful release of energy due to a chemical or nuclear reaction, causing rapid expansion of gases, loud noise, and often destruction

pagsabog, pagputok

pagsabog, pagputok

Ex: The explosion was so powerful that it could be heard from miles away .Ang **pagsabog** ay napakalakas na ito ay naririnig mula sa milya-milya ang layo.
space junk
[Pangngalan]

pieces of old satellites, rockets, or other objects that are left floating in space and no longer serve any useful purpose

basura sa kalawakan, mga labi sa kalawakan

basura sa kalawakan, mga labi sa kalawakan

Ex: New laws are being considered to limit the creation of space junk.Isinasaalang-alang ang mga bagong batas upang limitahan ang paglikha ng **basura sa kalawakan**.
astrodynamical
[pang-uri]

related to the study or science of how objects move in space, especially under the influence of gravity

astrodinamiko, may kaugnayan sa astrodinamika

astrodinamiko, may kaugnayan sa astrodinamika

Ex: The astrodynamical models showed how the debris would travel in orbit .Ipinakita ng mga modelo ng **astrodynamical** kung paano maglalakbay ang mga debris sa orbit.
pressurized
[pang-uri]

containing air or gas that is kept at a controlled, higher-than-normal pressure to allow safe or proper operation in certain environments

may presyon, pinresurisa

may presyon, pinresurisa

Ex: The lab uses pressurized chambers for certain experiments .Gumagamit ang laboratoryo ng mga **pressurized** na silid para sa ilang mga eksperimento.
Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko
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