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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 2 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (3)

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 2 - Pagbasa - Passage 3 (3) sa Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
trade
[Pangngalan]

a particular type of business or industry that deals with buying and selling goods or services

kalakalan, negosyo

kalakalan, negosyo

Ex: The fishing trade is important to the coastal towns .Ang **kalakalan** ng pangingisda ay mahalaga sa mga baybaying bayan.
originality
[Pangngalan]

the quality or state of being new, creative, and unique, not copied from another thing

pagka-orihinal

pagka-orihinal

fusion
[Pangngalan]

the process or occurrence of combining or merging elements to create a unified whole

pagsasama, pagkakaisa

pagsasama, pagkakaisa

Ex: The fusion of ideas from various disciplines can lead to groundbreaking innovations .Ang **pagsasama** ng mga ideya mula sa iba't ibang disiplina ay maaaring humantong sa mga makabagong pagbabago.
engineering
[Pangngalan]

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

inhinyeriya

inhinyeriya

Ex: Engineering requires strong skills in mathematics and physics .Ang **engineering** ay nangangailangan ng malakas na kasanayan sa matematika at pisika.
extensive
[pang-uri]

covering a large area

malawak, malaki

malawak, malaki

Ex: Japan 's extensive rail network allows for efficient travel across the country .Ang **malawak** na network ng tren ng Hapon ay nagbibigay-daan sa mahusay na paglalakbay sa buong bansa.
hydraulic
[pang-uri]

relating to the transmission or control of fluids under pressure within confined systems or machinery

haydroliko, may kaugnayan sa haydrolika

haydroliko, may kaugnayan sa haydrolika

Ex: Optimization of pressurized flows within marine vessels constitutes an active area of hydraulic study .Ang pag-optimize ng mga pressurized flow sa loob ng mga marine vessel ay bumubuo ng isang aktibong lugar ng **hydraulic** na pag-aaral.
plant
[Pangngalan]

a place, such as a factory, in which an industrial process happens or where power is produced

pabrika, planta

pabrika, planta

Ex: We could see the smoke rising from the industrial plant on the outskirts of town.Nakikita namin ang usok na umaangat mula sa **planta** ng industriya sa labas ng bayan.
artificial
[pang-uri]

made by humans rather than occurring naturally in nature

artipisyal, sintetiko

artipisyal, sintetiko

Ex: Artificial flavors and colors are added to processed foods to enhance taste and appearance.Ang **artipisyal** na lasa at kulay ay idinagdag sa mga naprosesong pagkain upang mapahusay ang lasa at hitsura.
canal
[Pangngalan]

a long and artificial passage built and filled with water for ships to travel along or used to transfer water to other places

kanal, daanan ng tubig

kanal, daanan ng tubig

Ex: The canal was widened to accommodate larger ships .Ang **kanal** ay pinalawak upang magkasya ang mas malalaking barko.
to regulate
[Pandiwa]

to organize or arrange something in a systematic and orderly way to ensure efficiency or compliance

regulahin, ayusin

regulahin, ayusin

Ex: The team leader ensured the tasks were regulated in order of priority .Tiniyak ng lider ng koponan na ang mga gawain ay **naayos** ayon sa priyoridad.
basin
[Pangngalan]

a large, bowl-shaped depression or low-lying area on the Earth's surface, typically surrounded by higher landforms and often filled with sedimentary deposits

palanggana, lambak

palanggana, lambak

Ex: Geologists study basin formation to understand past climate changes and tectonic processes .Pinag-aaralan ng mga geologist ang pagbuo ng **basin** upang maunawaan ang mga nakaraang pagbabago sa klima at mga prosesong tectonic.
to suppose
[Pandiwa]

to be required to do something, especially because of a rule, agreement, tradition, etc.

dapat, nararapat

dapat, nararapat

Ex: He was supposed to call her once he arrived at the airport .Dapat niyang **tawagan** siya pagdating niya sa paliparan.
to navigate
[Pandiwa]

to travel across or on an area of water by a ship or boat

maglayag, magmaneho ng barko

maglayag, magmaneho ng barko

Ex: The maritime pilot skillfully navigated into the harbor .Ang maritime pilot ay mahusay na **naglayag** papasok sa daungan.
inland
[Pangngalan]

the interior or central parts of a country, away from the coast or borders

loob ng bansa, kalooban

loob ng bansa, kalooban

Ex: The inland offers vast natural resources that support the nation ’s economy .Ang **lalawigan** ay nag-aalok ng malalawak na likas na yaman na sumusuporta sa ekonomiya ng bansa.
ought to
[Pandiwa]

used to talk about what one expects or likes to happen

dapat, nararapat

dapat, nararapat

Ex: The repair ought to fix the issue with the leaking faucet .Ang pag-aayos **dapat** ayusin ang problema sa tumutulong faucet.
adjacent
[pang-uri]

situated next to or near something

katabi, kalapit

katabi, kalapit

Ex: Please park your car in the spaces adjacent to the main entrance .Mangyaring iparada ang iyong sasakyan sa mga espasyong **katabi** ng pangunahing pasukan.
to follow
[Pandiwa]

to conform and adhere to the principles, practices, or guidelines established by someone or something

sundin, sumunod

sundin, sumunod

Ex: The TV series follows the novel 's storyline closely .Ang serye sa TV ay **sumusunod** nang malapit sa kwento ng nobela.
contemporary
[pang-uri]

belonging to the current era

kontemporaryo, kasalukuyan

kontemporaryo, kasalukuyan

Ex: Her novel explores contemporary issues that parallel ongoing social changes .Ang kanyang nobela ay tumatalakay sa mga isyung **kontemporaryo** na kahanay ng kasalukuyang pagbabago sa lipunan.
access
[Pangngalan]

the right or opportunity to use something or benefit from it

akses, karapatan sa akses

akses, karapatan sa akses

Ex: The new software update improved access to online banking features for customers .Pinabuti ng bagong update ng software ang **access** sa mga online banking feature para sa mga customer.
feature
[Pangngalan]

an important or distinctive aspect of something

katangian, tungkulin

katangian, tungkulin

Ex: The magazine article highlighted the chef 's innovative cooking techniques as a key feature of the restaurant 's success .Itinampok ng artikulo sa magasin ang mga makabagong pamamaraan ng pagluluto ng chef bilang isang pangunahing **tampok** ng tagumpay ng restawran.
compact
[pang-uri]

small and efficiently arranged or designed

kompakt, maliit at mahusay na nakaayos

kompakt, maliit at mahusay na nakaayos

Ex: The compact flashlight provided a bright light despite its tiny size .Ang **compact** na flashlight ay nagbigay ng maliwanag na liwanag sa kabila ng maliit na sukat nito.
thoroughly
[pang-abay]

in a comprehensive manner

ganap, maingat

ganap, maingat

Ex: He read the contract thoroughly before signing it , making sure he understood all the terms and conditions .Binasa niya nang **mabuti** ang kontrata bago ito pirmahan, tinitiyak na naiintindihan niya ang lahat ng mga tuntunin at kondisyon.
technically
[pang-abay]

with regard to technical skill and the technology available

sa teknikal na paraan

sa teknikal na paraan

to conceive
[Pandiwa]

to produce a plan, idea, etc. in one's mind

mag-isip, mag-imagine

mag-isip, mag-imagine

Ex: The author took years to conceive a captivating plot for the novel .Inabot ng taon ang may-akda upang **isipin** ang isang nakakahimok na balangkas para sa nobela.
to apply
[Pandiwa]

to implement, activate, or enforce a plan, policy, or procedure

ilapat, ipatupad

ilapat, ipatupad

Ex: In times of crisis , leaders must be prepared to apply emergency protocols to maintain public safety .Sa panahon ng krisis, ang mga pinuno ay dapat na handang **mag-apply** ng mga emergency protocol upang mapanatili ang kaligtasan ng publiko.
subdivision
[Pangngalan]

an area composed of subdivided lots

subdivision, paglalot

subdivision, paglalot

function
[Pangngalan]

a particular activity of a person or thing or their purpose

tungkulin, papel

tungkulin, papel

Ex: The function of the liver is to detoxify chemicals and metabolize drugs .Ang **tungkulin** ng atay ay alisin ang lason sa mga kemikal at metabolize ang mga gamot.
infrastructure
[Pangngalan]

the physical and organizational assets, such as roads, bridges, utilities, and public services, that support economic activity and daily life

imprastraktura, mga imprastraktura

imprastraktura, mga imprastraktura

Ex: The earthquake damaged critical infrastructure, leaving thousands without electricity or clean water .Ang pag-unlad ng **imprastraktura** ay susi sa pag-akit ng dayuhang pamumuhunan.
ventilated
[pang-uri]

exposed to air

maaliwalas, may bentilasyon

maaliwalas, may bentilasyon

boulevard
[Pangngalan]

a wide street in a town or city, typically with trees on each side or in the middle

bulwagan

bulwagan

Ex: He rode his bike down the bike lane of the boulevard, enjoying the scenic views .Sumakay siya ng kanyang bisikleta sa bike lane ng **boulevard**, tinatangkilik ang magagandang tanawin.
walkway
[Pangngalan]

a path for walking, typically built outdoors and above the ground level

daanan, itaas na daanan

daanan, itaas na daanan

Ex: The university campus was crisscrossed with walkways, lined with benches and shade trees for students to relax and socialize .Ang university campus ay pinagtagpo ng mga **walkway**, na may mga upuan at punong may lilim para makapagpahinga at makisalamuha ang mga estudyante.
resident
[Pangngalan]

a person who lives in a particular place, usually on a long-term basis

residente, nakatira

residente, nakatira

Ex: The community center hosts events and activities for residents of all ages .Ang sentro ng komunidad ay nagho-host ng mga kaganapan at aktibidad para sa mga **residente** ng lahat ng edad.
renovation
[Pangngalan]

the process or action of making a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

pagpapanibago, pag-aayos

pagpapanibago, pag-aayos

emperor
[Pangngalan]

a male king that rules an empire

emperador, hari

emperador, hari

Ex: The emperor's decree was law throughout the land .Ang kautusan ng **emperador** ay batas sa buong lupain.
simply
[pang-abay]

used to show that something is the case and nothing more

simpleng, lamang

simpleng, lamang

Ex: He replied simply that he would attend the event .Sumagot lang siya na dadalo siya sa event.
valid
[pang-uri]

(of an argument, idea, etc.) having a strong logical foundation or reasoning

balido, may batayan

balido, may batayan

Ex: His reasoning was both valid and logical , making it hard to refute .Ang kanyang pangangatwiran ay parehong **wasto** at lohikal, na nagpapahirap sa pagtutol.
scholar
[Pangngalan]

someone who has a lot of knowledge about a particular subject, especially in the humanities

iskolar, pantas

iskolar, pantas

Ex: She is a respected scholar whose research has significantly contributed to our understanding of classical languages .Siya ay isang iginagalang na **iskolar** na ang pananaliksik ay malaking nakatulong sa aming pag-unawa sa mga klasikal na wika.
to integrate
[Pandiwa]

to bring things together to form a whole or include something as part of a larger group

isama, pagsamahin

isama, pagsamahin

Ex: The software developer had to integrate different modules to ensure seamless functionality .Ang software developer ay kailangang **pagsamahin** ang iba't ibang mga module upang matiyak ang seamless na functionality.
water system
[Pangngalan]

a facility that provides a source of water

sistema ng tubig,  network ng tubig

sistema ng tubig, network ng tubig

efficient
[pang-uri]

(of a system or machine) achieving maximum productivity without wasting much time, effort, or money

mahusay, mabisa

mahusay, mabisa

Ex: An efficient irrigation system conserves water while ensuring crops receive adequate moisture .Ang isang **mahusay** na sistema ng patubig ay nagse-save ng tubig habang tinitiyak na ang mga pananim ay nakakatanggap ng sapat na halumigmig.
sustainable
[pang-uri]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

napapanatili,  palakaibigan sa kapaligiran

napapanatili, palakaibigan sa kapaligiran

to align
[Pandiwa]

to agree with a group, idea, person, or organization and support it

iayon, sumuporta

iayon, sumuporta

Ex: The organization 's mission statement explicitly states its commitment to aligning with international human rights standards .Ang mission statement ng organisasyon ay tahasang nagsasaad ng pangako nitong **mag-align** sa mga pamantayang internasyonal ng karapatang pantao.
times
[Pangngalan]

a distinct period of history or culture, or a specific moment or duration of time

panahon, mga oras

panahon, mga oras

Ex: People lived differently in ancient times.Iba ang pamumuhay ng mga tao noong sinaunang **panahon**.
contributor
[Pangngalan]

a factor that helps to make something happen

tagapag-ambag, salik na nag-aambag

tagapag-ambag, salik na nag-aambag

Ex: Social support networks can be significant contributors to mental health resilience .Ang mga network ng suportang panlipunan ay maaaring maging malaking **tagapag-ambag** sa katatagan ng kalusugang pangkaisipan.
paperwork
[Pangngalan]

a set of documents necessary for a particular business deal, trip, etc.

papeles, mga dokumento

papeles, mga dokumento

to reveal
[Pandiwa]

to make information that was previously unknown or kept in secrecy publicly known

ibunyag, ihayag

ibunyag, ihayag

Ex: The whistleblower revealed crucial information about the company 's unethical practices .Ang **whistleblower** ay nagbunyag ng mahalagang impormasyon tungkol sa hindi etikal na mga gawain ng kumpanya.
polluted
[pang-uri]

containing harmful or dirty substances

marumi, kontaminado

marumi, kontaminado

Ex: The polluted groundwater was unsuitable for drinking , contaminated with pollutants from nearby industrial sites .Ang **maruming** tubig sa ilalim ng lupa ay hindi angkop para inumin, kontaminado ng mga pollutant mula sa mga kalapit na industriyal na lugar.
tower block
[Pangngalan]

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

bloke ng tore, gusaling tukodlangit

bloke ng tore, gusaling tukodlangit

Ex: The view from the top of the tower block is breathtaking .Ang tanawin mula sa tuktok ng **gusaling tukudlangit** ay nakakapanghinawa.
exterior
[pang-uri]

located on the outer surface of a particular thing

panlabas

panlabas

Ex: The car ’s exterior paint had faded after years in the sun .Ang **panlabas** na pintura ng kotse ay kumupas pagkatapos ng mga taon sa araw.
expertise
[Pangngalan]

high level of skill, knowledge, or proficiency in a particular field or subject matter

kadalubhasaan,  kasanayan

kadalubhasaan, kasanayan

Ex: The lawyer 's expertise in contract law ensured that the legal agreements were thorough and enforceable .Ang **kadalubhasaan** ng abogado sa batas ng kontrata ay nagsiguro na ang mga legal na kasunduan ay lubusan at maipatutupad.
evident
[pang-uri]

easily perceived by the mind or senses

halata, maliwanag

halata, maliwanag

Ex: The impact of the pandemic was evident in the deserted streets and closed businesses .Ang epekto ng pandemya ay **halata** sa mga desyertong kalye at saradong negosyo.
to relate
[Pandiwa]

to make or show a logical connection between two things

iugnay, magtatag ng koneksyon

iugnay, magtatag ng koneksyon

Ex: The architect was able to relate the building design to the cultural influences of the community .Nagawa ng arkitekto na **iugnay** ang disenyo ng gusali sa mga impluwensyang kultural ng komunidad.
aspect
[Pangngalan]

a defining or distinctive feature of something

aspeto, katangian

aspeto, katangian

Ex: Climate change affects every aspect of our daily lives .Apektong pang-araw-araw ng ating buhay ang apektado ng pagbabago ng klima.

to apply a concept or idea in a real-life situation to test its effectiveness or gain experience in using it

Ex: The scientist was eager to put her research findings into practice to make a positive impact on society.
to envisage
[Pandiwa]

to imagine something in one's mind, often considering it as a possible future scenario

mag-isip, gunitain

mag-isip, gunitain

Ex: Entrepreneurs often envisage innovative solutions to address market needs .Ang mga negosyante ay madalas na **nag-iisip** ng mga makabagong solusyon upang matugunan ang mga pangangailangan sa merkado.
approach
[Pangngalan]

a way of doing something or dealing with a problem

pamamaraan, paraan

pamamaraan, paraan

Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko
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