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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 4 - Pagbasa - Talata 2 (2)

Learn vocabulary from the second part of Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 4 Reading Passage 2, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
accordingly
accordingly
[pang-abay]

in a manner that is appropriate to the circumstances

alinsunod dito,  kaya naman

alinsunod dito, kaya naman

Ex: The report highlighted areas for improvement, and the team acted accordingly to address them. 
to misapply
to misapply
[Pandiwa]

apply to a wrong thing or person; apply badly or incorrectly

maling paggamit, hindi tamang paglalapat

maling paggamit, hindi tamang paglalapat

range
range
[Pangngalan]

a variety of things that are different but are of the same general type

saklaw,  iba't ibang uri

saklaw, iba't ibang uri

Ex: The company produces a range of products, from household appliances to personal care items. 
to express
to express
[Pandiwa]

to show or make a thought, feeling, etc. known by looks, words, or actions

ipahayag, ipakita

ipahayag, ipakita

Ex: The dancer is expressing a story through graceful movements on stage. 
concern
concern
[Pangngalan]

a feeling of being uneasy, troubled, or worried about something such as problem, threat, uncertainty, etc.

pag-aalala,  pagkabahala

pag-aalala, pagkabahala

Ex: Her voice trembled with concern as she asked about his recent accident. 
to misappropriate

appropriate (as property entrusted to one's care) fraudulently to one's own use

nakawin, gamitin nang walang pahintulot

nakawin, gamitin nang walang pahintulot

to conflate
to conflate
[Pandiwa]

to bring ideas, texts, things, etc. together and create something new

pagsamahin, paghalo

pagsamahin, paghalo

Ex: The writer decided to conflate elements from different myths to create a unique fantasy novel. 

Nagpasya ang manunulat na pagsamahin ang mga elemento mula sa iba't ibang mito upang lumikha ng isang natatanging pantasya nobela.

movement
movement
[Pangngalan]

a collective of individuals united by shared beliefs or ideology, working toward general social, political, or cultural goals

kilusan, pangkat

kilusan, pangkat

Ex: The movement influences public policy over time. 
vehicle
vehicle
[Pangngalan]

a means or tool used to express or achieve something

sasakyan, kasangkapan

sasakyan, kasangkapan

Ex: The novel acted as a vehicle for exploring complex human relationships and themes. 
to reflect
to reflect
[Pandiwa]

to show a particular quality, characteristic, or emotion

magpakita, ipahiwatig

magpakita, ipahiwatig

Ex: Her actions reflect her kindness and compassion towards others. 
to deliver
to deliver
[Pandiwa]

to convey a speech, idea, etc. to an audience in a clear and effective manner

magbigay, ihatid

magbigay, ihatid

Ex: The preacher delivered a moving sermon on forgiveness and redemption to the congregation. 
subtle
subtle
[pang-uri]

difficult to notice or detect because of its slight or delicate nature

banayad, delikado

banayad, delikado

Ex: The artist used subtle brushstrokes to create a sense of depth and movement in the painting. 

Ginamit ng artista ang banayad na mga brushstroke upang lumikha ng pakiramdam ng lalim at galaw sa pagpipinta.

to maximize
to maximize
[Pandiwa]

to increase something to the highest possible level

palakihin nang husto, i-optimize

palakihin nang husto, i-optimize

Ex: She always tries to maximize her productivity by planning her tasks efficiently. 

Lagi niyang sinusubukan na palakihin ang kanyang produktibidad sa pamamagitan ng mahusay na pagpaplano ng kanyang mga gawain.

effectiveness
effectiveness
[Pangngalan]

the degree to which something successfully produces the intended result

pagiging epektibo

pagiging epektibo

Ex: The study measured the effectiveness of the new teaching method. 
adolescent
adolescent
[Pangngalan]

a young person who is in the process of becoming an adult

binatilyo, kabataan

binatilyo, kabataan

Ex: The adolescent struggled to fit in with their peers. 

Ang tinedyer ay nahirapang makisama sa kanyang mga kapantay.

to perceive
to perceive
[Pandiwa]

to understand, regard, or think about someone or something in a particular way

makita,  ituring

makita, ituring

Ex: Many customers perceive the brand as reliable. 
to convey
to convey
[Pandiwa]

to serve as a means of expressing or communicating a feeling, idea, quality, or impression

maghatid, magpahayag

maghatid, magpahayag

Ex: Her smile conveyed genuine warmth. 
to undo
to undo
[Pandiwa]

to make null or cancel the effects of something

ibalik, kanselahin

ibalik, kanselahin

Ex: Realizing the mistake, he quickly tried to undo the accidental deletion of the important file from his computer. 

Nang mapagtanto ang pagkakamali, mabilis niyang sinubukang ibalik ang aksidenteng pagbura ng mahalagang file mula sa kanyang computer.

intended
intended
[pang-uri]

planned, desired, or aimed for as a specific goal or objective

inaasahan, ninanais

inaasahan, ninanais

Ex: The intended outcome of the project was to increase efficiency and reduce costs for the company. 
to drive
to drive
[Pandiwa]

to be the influencing factor that causes something to make progress

magtulak, magmaneho

magtulak, magmaneho

Ex: Entrepreneurship and small businesses have been driving local economic development. 
correlation
correlation
[Pangngalan]

a relationship or connection between two or more things

korrelasyon,  kaugnayan

korrelasyon, kaugnayan

Ex: Researchers found a correlation between neighborhood design and residents' activity levels. 
perception
perception
[Pangngalan]

the image or idea that is formed based on how one understands something

pang-unawa, pananaw

pang-unawa, pananaw

Ex: Media coverage can influence public perception on important topics. 
genuine
genuine
[pang-uri]

truly what something appears to be, without any falseness, imitation, or deception

tunay, totoo

tunay, totoo

Ex: The ring was confirmed to be genuine gold. 

Kinumpirma na ang singsing ay tunay na ginto.

to motivate
to motivate
[Pandiwa]

to make someone eager or determined to do something by giving them encouragement or incentive

mag-motivate

mag-motivate

Ex: Good teachers motivate students to keep learning. 
vague
vague
[pang-uri]

not clear or specific, lacking in detail or precision

malabo, hindi tiyak

malabo, hindi tiyak

Ex: The instructions given were vague, leaving room for interpretation. 

Ang mga tagubiling ibinigay ay malabo, na nag-iiwan ng puwang para sa interpretasyon.

proponent
proponent
[Pangngalan]

a supporter who usually speaks publicly in favor of a theory, idea, or plan

tagapagtaguyod, tagapagtanggol

tagapagtaguyod, tagapagtanggol

viable
viable
[pang-uri]

having the ability to be executed or done successfully

maisasagawa, magagawa

maisasagawa, magagawa

Ex: The new strategy proposed by the marketing team seems viable for increasing sales. 

Ang bagong estratehiya na iminungkahi ng marketing team ay tila magagawa para sa pagtaas ng mga benta.

construct
construct
[Pangngalan]

an abstract idea or concept formed by generalizing from particular instances

pagbuo, konsepto

pagbuo, konsepto

Ex: The theory relies on the construct of economic behavior. 
laboratory
laboratory
[Pangngalan]

a place or situation that provides opportunities for experimentation, observation, or testing new ideas

laboratoryo,  larangan ng eksperimento

laboratoryo, larangan ng eksperimento

Ex: Michael viewed the project as a laboratory in which new ideas could be tried safely. 
to administer
to administer
[Pandiwa]

to give, distribute, or apply something in an official or organized way

magpatupad,  magbigay

magpatupad, magbigay

Ex: The court may administer punishment when the law is broken. 
targeted
targeted
[pang-uri]

focused or directed toward a specific goal, objective, or audience

itinarget, nakatuon

itinarget, nakatuon

Ex: The company launched a targeted advertising campaign to reach potential customers in specific demographics. 

Ang kumpanya ay naglunsad ng isang targeted advertising campaign upang maabot ang mga potensyal na customer sa partikular na demographics.

to dispute
to dispute
[Pandiwa]

to doubt a fact or to call its truth into question

makipagtalo, pagdudahan

makipagtalo, pagdudahan

Ex: They disputed the company's assertion that they had breached the contract. 
faith
faith
[Pangngalan]

complete confidence in a person or plan etc

pananampalataya, tiwala

pananampalataya, tiwala

Ex: She had complete faith in her doctor's judgment. 
capacity
capacity
[Pangngalan]

the ability or power to achieve something or develop into a certain state in the future

kakayahan, potensyal

kakayahan, potensyal

Ex: The city has the capacity to handle a larger population with the planned infrastructure upgrades. 
attribute
attribute
[Pangngalan]

a distinguishing quality that is considered a key part of someone or something's nature

katangian, kalidad

katangian, kalidad

Ex: The attributes of the car include its fuel efficiency and sleek design. 
paradoxically
paradoxically
[pang-abay]

in a way that seems opposite to what one would expect

paradoxically, sa paraang kabaligtaran ng inaasahan

paradoxically, sa paraang kabaligtaran ng inaasahan

Ex: The artist's abstract paintings, paradoxically, conveyed a profound sense of order and chaos simultaneously. 

Ang mga abstract na painting ng artista, paradoxically, ay naghatid ng isang malalim na pakiramdam ng kaayusan at kaguluhan nang sabay.

to serve
to serve
[Pandiwa]

to be of use or help in fulfilling or accomplishing something

maglingkod, maging kapaki-pakinabang

maglingkod, maging kapaki-pakinabang

Ex: The meeting served its purpose by addressing all the issues on the agenda. 
talk
talk
[Pangngalan]

a lecture or speech given to an audience on a specific subject

talumpati, panayam

talumpati, panayam

Ex: His talk included a Q&A session at the end. 
waste of time
waste of time
[Pangngalan]

an activity or situation that does not produce any benefit or value, and instead consumes time and resources that could be better utilized elsewhere

pag-aaksaya ng oras

pag-aaksaya ng oras

Ex: He realized that arguing over the small details was a waste of time. 

Napagtanto niya na ang pagtatalo sa maliliit na detalye ay pag-aaksaya ng oras.

essay
essay
[Pangngalan]

a short piece of writing that discusses, analyzes, or presents ideas about a particular subject

sanaysay,  papel

sanaysay, papel

Ex: Emma wrote an essay about climate change. 
indeed
indeed
[pang-abay]

used to emphasize or confirm a statement

talaga, totoo

talaga, totoo

Ex: She did indeed finish the project ahead of schedule. 

Talaga niyang natapos ang proyekto nang maaga sa iskedyul.

perhaps
perhaps
[pang-abay]

used to express possibility or likelihood of something

marahil, siguro

marahil, siguro

Ex: He is late, perhaps he missed the bus. 

Huli na siya, marahil hindi niya nasakyan ang bus.

to shift
to shift
[Pandiwa]

(of a policy, point of view, or situation) to become something different

magbago, lumipat

magbago, lumipat

Ex: As societal norms evolved, the cultural perspective on certain social issues began to shift. 
to turn away
to turn away
[Pandiwa]

to move away from one's area of interest or original path

lumayo, umikot

lumayo, umikot

Ex: The artist decided to turn away from abstract painting and explore realism in his latest collection. 

Nagpasya ang artista na lumayo sa abstract painting at tuklasin ang realism sa kanyang pinakabagong koleksyon.

potential
potential
[Pangngalan]

the inherent capability or ability to develop, achieve, or succeed in the future

potensyal, kakayahan

potensyal, kakayahan

Ex: With hard work and dedication, he realized his full potential and achieved his dreams. 
to tend
to tend
[Pandiwa]

to be likely to develop or occur in a certain way because that is the usual pattern

may tendensya, karaniwan

may tendensya, karaniwan

Ex: In colder climates, temperatures tend to drop significantly during the winter months. 
competitive
competitive
[pang-uri]

having a strong desire to win or succeed

kompetitibo, ambisyoso

kompetitibo, ambisyoso

Ex: The competitive athlete trained tirelessly to improve their performance and surpass their opponents. 

Ang kompetitibong atleta ay walang pagod na nagsanay upang mapabuti ang kanilang pagganap at malampasan ang kanilang mga kalaban.

generally
generally
[pang-abay]

in a way that is true in most cases

karaniwan, sa pangkalahatan

karaniwan, sa pangkalahatan

Ex: The weather is generally mild in spring. 

Ang panahon ay karaniwang banayad sa tagsibol.

encouragement
encouragement
[Pangngalan]

something that gives someone hope, confidence, or motivation

pagpapalakas ng loob,  pampatibay

pagpapalakas ng loob, pampatibay

Ex: His positive feedback was a great encouragement to the team. 
to push
to push
[Pandiwa]

to encourage or influence someone, or oneself, to work harder

itulak, hikayatin

itulak, hikayatin

Ex: Don't push yourself too hard, or you'll burn out. 
nota bene
nota bene
[Pangngalan]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, pansinin mo

nota bene, pansinin mo

methodology
methodology
[Pangngalan]

a series of methods by which a certain subject is studied or a particular activity is done

pamamaraan

pamamaraan

Ex: The researcher described the methodology used to gather data for the study. 
to interpret
to interpret
[Pandiwa]

to understand or assign meaning to something

bigyang-kahulugan, unawain

bigyang-kahulugan, unawain

Ex: Criminal investigators interpret clues to reconstruct the sequence of events in a crime. 
to promote
to promote
[Pandiwa]

to help or support the progress or development of something

itaguyod, suportahan

itaguyod, suportahan

Ex: The manager worked to promote teamwork and collaboration within the team. 
aware
aware
[pang-uri]

having an understanding or perception of something, often through careful thought or sensitivity

may kamalayan, alam

may kamalayan, alam

Ex: She became aware of the time when she heard the clock chiming. 

Naging aware siya sa oras nang marinig niya ang pagtunog ng orasan.

to boost
to boost
[Pandiwa]

to increase the amount, level, strength, or power of something

palakihin, pataasin

palakihin, pataasin

Ex: The company lowered prices to boost sales. 
morale
morale
[Pangngalan]

one's personal level of confidence, enthusiasm, and emotional well-being, especially in the context of facing challenges or adversity

moral

moral

Ex: Despite facing setbacks, Sarah's high morale propelled her to persist in her endeavors with determination and optimism. 

Sa kabila ng pagharap sa mga kabiguan, ang mataas na moral ni Sarah ang nagtulak sa kanya na magpatuloy sa kanyang mga pagsisikap nang may determinasyon at optimismo.

admirable
admirable
[pang-uri]

deserving of praise and respect due to excellent standards and positive attributes

kahanga-hanga

kahanga-hanga

Ex: His admirable honesty and integrity made him a trusted leader in the company. 

Ang kanyang kahanga-hanga na katapatan at integridad ay nagpasa sa kanya bilang isang pinagkakatiwalaang lider sa kumpanya.

driver
driver
[Pangngalan]

a factor, force, or influence that initiates or causes a particular action, process, or change

salik, nag-uudyok

salik, nag-uudyok

Ex: Political instability can be a driver of migration and displacement. 
deliberate
deliberate
[pang-uri]

intended or done consciously rather than accidentally

sinadya,  sinasadya

sinadya, sinasadya

Ex: The police concluded that the damage was deliberate. 
to strive
to strive
[Pandiwa]

to try as hard as possible to achieve a goal

magsumikap, magpupunyagi

magsumikap, magpupunyagi

Ex: Students strive to achieve their career goals through continuous learning. 

Ang mga estudyante ay nagsisikap na makamit ang kanilang mga layunin sa karera sa pamamagitan ng patuloy na pag-aaral.

credit
credit
[Pangngalan]

formal approval, acknowledgment, or commendation

pagkilala, pagpupuri

pagkilala, pagpupuri

Ex: The author received credit for the research contribution. 
to respond
to respond
[Pandiwa]

to show improvement or favorable reactions in response to a specific action or intervention

tumugon, mag-react

tumugon, mag-react

Ex: The baby responded to the soothing lullaby, falling asleep peacefully. 
to adapt
to adapt
[Pandiwa]

to change something so that it is suitable for a different purpose, situation, or need

iakma, iadapt

iakma, iadapt

Ex: The company adapted its software for mobile devices. 
elixir
elixir
[Pangngalan]

something that is believed to be a perfect solution to a problem, often in an unrealistic or overly hopeful way

elixir, panlunas

elixir, panlunas

Ex: There is no single elixir for solving all education problems. 

Walang iisang elixir para sa paglutas ng lahat ng mga problema sa edukasyon.

deluded
deluded
[pang-uri]

believing something that is not true, often because of being misled or refusing to accept reality

nalinlang, nagkakamali

nalinlang, nagkakamali

Ex: His deluded view of the situation made it worse. 

Ang kanyang naliligaw na pananaw sa sitwasyon ay nagpalala nito.

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