کتاب 'توتال اینگلیش' متوسطه - واحد 8 - درس 2

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

تغییر آب‌وهوایی, تغییر اقلیمی

a state of frustration or anxiety caused by opposing desires or feelings at the same time

تناقض, کشمکش

to make someone regain their health

درمان کردن

an amount of money or a favor that is owed

بدهی

an illness in a human, animal, or plant that affects health

بیماری, مرض

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

تجارت منصفانه

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

گرمایش جهانی

involving a lot of effort, attention, and activity in a short period of time

شدید, قوی

the activity of working on a farm and growing crops or producing animal products by raising them

کشاورزی

the number of deaths in a particular population over a specific period of time, usually expressed as a ratio or percentage

نرخ مرگ‌ومیر, میزان مرگ‌ومیر

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

طبیعی (بدون اصلاح ژنتیکی), ارگانیک

a period or state where there is no war or violence

صلح

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

آلودگی

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

فقر, تهی‌دستی

the process of making waste products usable again

بازیافت

energy that is generated from the sun's radiation using solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity

انرژی خورشیدی

the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.

سطح زندگی, استاندارد زندگی

a state of armed fighting between two or more groups, nations, or states

جنگ

abundance of money, property or valuable possessions

ثروت

used to state one's opinion while emphasizing or summarizing its most important aspects

اساساً, در حقیقت

used to express that something positive or favorable has happened or is happening by chance

خوشبختانه

used for expressing that one hopes something will happen

به امید اینکه, امیدوارم، خوشبختانه، ان‌شاءالله

in a way that is easily understandable or noticeable

به‌طور مشخص, آشکارا

used to show that the opinion someone is giving comes from their own viewpoint

شخصاً

in a way that is unexpected and causes amazement

به‌طرز شگفت انگیزی, به‌طور شگفت‌آور