Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Finance & Valuables

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
alms [noun]

money, food, or other donations given to the poor or needy as an act of charity

Ex: He offered alms to the beggar on the street , hoping to make a small difference .
annuity [noun]

a fixed stream of payments made at regular intervals, typically derived from a capital investment or insurance contract

Ex: His pension includes an annuity that pays out for life .
in arrears [phrase]

in debt and late in paying it

Ex: The company paid employee bonuses in arrears this quarter .
bullion [noun]

gold or silver cast into bars or ingots, valued by weight rather than face value

Ex: The mint produces standardized bullion bars for international trade .
bauble [noun]

a small, flashy piece of jewelry or decoration that is inexpensive and ornamental

Ex: His jacket was adorned with shiny baubles and pins .
impecunious [adjective]

severely lacking money

Ex: Despite his impecunious background , he worked hard and earned a scholarship to attend college .

a state of extreme poverty in which a person lacks the basic necessities of life

Ex: Government programs aim to reduce indigence through housing and food assistance .
lucre [noun]

a term used to refer to cash or money, often with a nuance of being obtained through profit or earnings

Ex: The shady deal promised quick lucre , though it raised ethical concerns .
penury [noun]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

Ex: Despite his penury , he remained hopeful for a better future .

compensation demanded from a defeated nation by the victors, to make amends for war damages or losses

Ex: Reparations strained the defeated country 's finances for decades .
solvent [adjective]

having the ability to meet financial obligations and paying debts

Ex:
usury [noun]

the practice of lending money at excessively high interest rates, considered unethical or illegal

Ex: He made a fortune through usury , preying on desperate borrowers .

to contribute or pay the required amount in order to settle and clear a debt

Ex: The company requested that clients ante up their overdue payments to avoid further consequences .

to repay someone for financial loss, damage, etc. that they have experienced

Ex: The rental agreement required the tenant to indemnify the landlord for damages caused to the property beyond normal wear and tear .

to pay money owed, such as a bill, debt, or required contribution

Ex: The company had to pony up millions in fines .

a privilege reserved solely for a specific person or group by virtue of hereditary status, official rank, or institutional authority

Ex: Access to the private chamber was a perquisite of the high priest .

a condition of severe hardship or poverty

Ex: Refugees endured extreme privation before reaching safety .

to take advantage of a position to make oneself rich, particularly by using unfair or dishonest methods

Ex: The CEO exploited the company 's resources to feather his nest , leading to financial losses for the organization .

to lessen the amount of money or resources one uses compared to before, particularly due to having less available

Ex:
windfall [noun]

an unexpected event that brings financial gain or good fortune

Ex: Her inheritance turned out to be a massive windfall .

a blue-colored poker chip representing the highest monetary value in a standard set

Ex: She cashed in her blue chips after a lucky streak .

extreme poverty and deprivation of basic necessities

Ex: Years of drought drove the farming communities to destitution .

money awarded to someone who has been harmed, to cover their actual losses or injuries

Ex: The jury granted compensatory damages to offset emotional distress .

to earn enough money to be able to pay for the necessities of life

Ex: If I get this promotion , I 'll be able to bring home the bacon and take care of my family better .
gratuity [noun]

an additional amount of money given to someone for their services

Ex: It 's customary to leave a gratuity for the waiter or waitress when dining at a restaurant .
largess [noun]

a sum of money or gift given freely, often as a token of generosity

Ex: The artist 's grant was a welcome largess .
pecuniary [adjective]

involving or about money

Ex: The pecuniary interests of the investors influenced the company 's decisions .

to financially support a project, activity, etc. and take responsibility for potential loss

Ex: Banks may choose to underwrite loans by providing financial backing for borrowers .

an individual who is in the habit of spending money in a careless and wasteful way

Ex: Despite earning a high salary , his spendthrift ways left him in financial trouble .

a possession that is costly to maintain and difficult to dispose of, often more trouble than it is worth

Ex: That abandoned stadium is a white elephant millions spent , and no one uses it .
pittance [noun]

a sum of money that is very insufficient

Ex: Her hourly wage amounted to a pittance , barely covering her daily expenses .
Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
Deceitful Qualities & Roles Deception & Corruption Moral Corruption & Wickedness Ailments & Injuries
Treatments & Remedies The Body & Its State Criticism & Censure Sadness, Regret & Apathy
Fear, Anxiety & Weakness Generosity, Kindness & Composure Skill & Wisdom Friendliness & Good Nature
Vigor & Fortitude Favorable States & Qualities Honesty & Integrity Nature & Environment
Declaration & Appeal Casual & Annoying Talk Linguistic Terms & Sayings Styles & Qualities of Speech
Religion & Morality Magic & The Supernatural Time & Duration History & Antiquity
Legal Matters Improvement Foolishness & Folly Hostility, Temper & Aggression
Arrogance & Haughtiness Obstinacy & Stubbornness Social Roles & Archetypes Professions & Roles
Politics & Social Structure Science Hostile Actions Low Quality & Worthlessness
Burdens & Afflictions Physical Conflict Termination & Renunciation Prohibition & Prevention
Weakening & Decline Confusion & Obscurity Connection & Joining Warfare
Abundance & Proliferation Arts & Literature Spoilage Strong Emotional States
Color, Light & Visual Patterns Form, Texture & Structure Suitability & Appropriateness Approval & Agreement
Additions & Attachments Animals & Biology Finance & Valuables Tools & Equipment
Cognition & Understanding Caution, Judgment & Awareness Sound & Noise Movement
Physical Descriptions Landforms Objects & Materials Ceremonies & Revelry
Creation & Causation Argument & Disparagement Agriculture & Food Unconventional States
Family & Marriage Dwelling & Inhabiting Scent & Flavor Conceptual Extremes
Similarity & Difference