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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Finance & Valuables

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
alms
[noun]

money, food, or other donations given to the poor or needy as an act of charity

Ex: The charity organization relies on alms from generous donors to carry out its mission .
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annuity
[noun]

a fixed stream of payments made at regular intervals, typically derived from a capital investment or insurance contract

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in arrears
[phrase]

in debt and late in paying it

Ex: The contractor was consistently in arrears with project deadlines.
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bullion
[noun]

gold or silver cast into bars or ingots, valued by weight rather than face value

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bauble
[noun]

a small, flashy piece of jewelry or decoration that is inexpensive and ornamental

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impecunious
[Adjective]

severely lacking money

Ex: They offered to help their impecunious friend by paying for his groceries and other necessities .
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indigence
[noun]

a state of extreme poverty in which a person lacks the basic necessities of life

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lucre
[noun]

a term used to refer to cash or money, often with a nuance of being obtained through profit or earnings

Ex: The financial report detailed how the company generated substantial lucre from recent investments .
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penury
[noun]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

Ex: The sudden loss of his job pushed him into a state of penury.
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compensation demanded from a defeated nation by the victors, to make amends for war damages or losses

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solvent
[Adjective]

having the ability to meet financial obligations and paying debts

Ex: Innovations in product development have been a driving force in keeping the tech company solvent.
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usury
[noun]

the practice of lending money at excessively high interest rates, considered unethical or illegal

Ex: Traditional moneylenders in rural areas often engage in usury, taking advantage of people 's lack of knowledge .
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to contribute or pay the required amount in order to settle and clear a debt

Ex: Creditors may offer flexible repayment plans to help debtors ante up gradually .
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to repay someone for financial loss, damage, etc. that they have experienced

Ex: The rental agreement required the tenant to indemnify the landlord for damages caused to the property beyond normal wear and tear .
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to pay money owed, such as a bill, debt, or required contribution

Ex: If you want premium access , you 'll have to pony up.
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indigent
[Adjective]

extremely poor or in need

Ex: The nonprofit organization aimed to provide support and resources for the indigent community.
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a privilege reserved solely for a specific person or group by virtue of hereditary status, official rank, or institutional authority

Ex: Tenure as a university professor often comes with perquisites like sabbaticals and access to research funding .
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privation
[noun]

a condition of severe hardship or poverty

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to take advantage of a position to make oneself rich, particularly by using unfair or dishonest methods

Ex: The corrupt politician was constantly feathering his own nest by accepting bribes and kickbacks.
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to lessen the amount of money or resources one uses compared to before, particularly due to having less available

Ex: With a new baby on the way, they’ve had to tighten their belts and adjust their budget.
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windfall
[noun]

an unexpected event that brings financial gain or good fortune

Ex: The bonus was a welcome windfall before the holidays .
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blue chip
[noun]

a blue-colored poker chip representing the highest monetary value in a standard set

Ex: A pile of blue chips sat in front of the high roller .
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extreme poverty and deprivation of basic necessities

Ex: The refugees were forced to flee their homes and left in a state of destitution, relying on aid from charities to survive .
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money awarded to someone who has been harmed, to cover their actual losses or injuries

Ex: Compensatory damages are meant to restore the victim to their original financial position .
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to earn enough money to be able to pay for the necessities of life

Ex: Sarah is out there, bringing home the bacon by excelling in her career.
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gratuity
[noun]

an additional amount of money given to someone for their services

Ex: The chauffeur provided excellent service , so we gave him a gratuity in appreciation for his professionalism .
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largess
[noun]

a sum of money or gift given freely, often as a token of generosity

Ex: The charity relied on the largess of its supporters .
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pecuniary
[Adjective]

involving or about money

Ex: The pecuniary rewards for the successful completion of the project were substantial .
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to financially support a project, activity, etc. and take responsibility for potential loss

Ex: The investment firm is currently underwriting a public offering for a tech company .
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an individual who is in the habit of spending money in a careless and wasteful way

Ex: He tried to change his spendthrift ways , but old habits were hard to break .
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a possession that is costly to maintain and difficult to dispose of, often more trouble than it is worth

Ex: The new software system , despite its promising features , proved to be a white elephant for the company due to constant glitches and compatibility issues .
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pittance
[noun]

a sum of money that is very insufficient

Ex: They offered him a pittance for the artwork , far less than its true value .
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to count numbers or amounts to get a total

Ex: Before closing, the cashier tallied up the day's sales.
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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
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