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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Argument & Disparagement

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to [flog] a dead horse

to waste time and energy on something that cannot be changed or revived

Ex: Arguing with him about his decision now is just flogging a dead horsehe's made up his mind. 
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to dissent

to give or have opinions that differ from those officially or commonly accepted

Ex: She was known to often dissent during meetings, always challenging the prevailing views. 
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braggadocio

a display of excessive pride, often through loud claims

Ex: His endless braggadocio about sales figures wore thin on his colleagues. 
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to bicker
to bicker
[Verb]

to argue over unimportant things in an ongoing and repetitive way

Ex: The siblings continued to bicker over who got to use the TV remote, each insisting on their preferred channel. 
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bromide
bromide
[noun]

a dull, overused statement said to comfort someone but that fails to do so

Ex: Her speech was full of bromides about teamwork and perseverance, but it lacked any concrete plan. 
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carping
carping
[noun]

a constant finding of small faults or griping over minor issues instead of offering solutions

Ex: Instead of constructive feedback, his carping only created tension among the team. 
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to cavil
to cavil
[Verb]

to make objections, often over small details without a good reason

Ex: Despite the delicious dinner, she couldn't help but cavil about the tablecloth not matching the décor. 
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platitude
platitude
[noun]

a statement or advice that is no longer effective or interesting because it has been repeated over and over again

Ex: They nodded at every platitude about making sacrifices today for a better tomorrow. 
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sour grapes

a negative attitude or reaction toward something that one desires but cannot have or achieve, often by minimizing its importance or worth

Ex: He said the promotion was not worth it, but it sounded like sour grapes. 
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untenable
untenable
[Adjective]

(of a position, argument, theory, etc.) not capable of being supported, defended, or justified when receiving criticism or objection

Ex: The theory was considered untenable once new evidence emerged. 
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to controvert

to demonstrate that a claim, theory, or statement is untrue

Ex: New research controverted the long-held theory about climate cycles. 
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to demur
to demur
[Verb]

to express one's disagreement, refusal, or reluctance

Ex: When asked to work overtime, Sarah demurred, citing family commitments. 
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to gainsay

to disagree or deny that something is true

Ex: No one could gainsay the evidence presented by the prosecution; it was indisputable. 
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to quibble

to argue over unimportant things or to complain about them

Ex: Instead of focusing on the main issue, he chose to quibble over minor details. 
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to remonstrate

to argue and express one's disagreement or objection to something

Ex: The employees gathered to remonstrate against the sudden changes in their work hours. 
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to impugn
to impugn
[Verb]

to question someone's honesty, quality, motive, etc.

Ex: The article impugns the motives behind the mayor's new policy, suggesting it serves his own interests more than the public's. 
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to dehort
to dehort
[Verb]

to strongly discourage someone from doing something

Ex: The teacher dehorted the students from cheating on the exam. 
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