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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Warfare

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
armada
armada
[noun]

a massive group of warships organized for military or strategic purposes

Ex: The Spanish armada sailed in 1588 to invade England. 
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arsenal
arsenal
[noun]

the complete collection of arms, ammunition, and defense systems owned by a nation or organization

Ex: The country expanded its nuclear arsenal despite global concerns. 
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to accouter

to supply someone with the weapons, gear, and attire necessary for military service

Ex: The recruits were accoutered with rifles, helmets, and tactical packs. 
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aegis
aegis
[noun]

a protective shield or breastplate, originally from ancient mythology, designed to guard the chest and upper body from harm

Ex: In Greek mythology, Athena carried the aegis, a fearsome shield adorned with the head of Medusa. 
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barb
barb
[noun]

a sharp projection on an arrowhead, spear, or similar tool designed to make removal difficult

Ex: The arrow's barb caused severe internal injury. 
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barrage
barrage
[noun]

a continuous, concentrated attack using artillery to cover a wide area rather than aim at a single target

Ex: The troops advanced under a constant barrage of enemy fire. 
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battalion
battalion
[noun]

a military unit composed of a varying number of companies or platoons, typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel

Ex: The battalion coordinated with other units for the large-scale exercise. 
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bivouac
bivouac
[noun]

a temporary outdoor shelter or set of living quarters built by soldiers, usually without permanent structures

Ex: The soldiers set up a bivouac near the river before advancing. 
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bludgeon
bludgeon
[noun]

a thick, usually short stick or club used to hit or strike, often intended as a weapon

Ex: The guard carried a bludgeon for protection. 
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bombardment

a continuous attack on an area using bombs

Ex: The city endured weeks of bombardment during the war, leaving ruins everywhere. 
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bulwark
bulwark
[noun]

a raised earthwork, wall, or other structure built to protect an area or fortification from attack

Ex: The castle was surrounded by a thick bulwark for protection. 
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to commandeer

to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

Ex: During the emergency, the military commandeer civilian vehicles to transport supplies to the affected areas. 
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cudgel
cudgel
[noun]

a short and thick stick that is used as a weapon for hitting or striking

Ex: In medieval times, soldiers would often wield cudgels in battle as makeshift weapons. 
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to cede
to cede
[Verb]

to hand over power, land, or a position to another, particularly due to being forced

Ex: The king was pressured to cede his crown in exchange for his family's safety. 
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skirmish
skirmish
[noun]

a brief, small-scale fight between small groups, often part of a larger conflict

Ex: The soldiers were involved in a skirmish at the village outskirts. 
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cession
cession
[noun]

the act of surrendering a right, land, or property to a country

Ex: The cession of the region was formalized with the signing of the agreement between the two nations. 
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to capitulate

to surrender after negotiation or when facing overwhelming pressure

Ex: The army finally capitulated after weeks of intense fighting. 
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concession

something granted or yielded, often reluctantly, in response to a demand or pressure

Ex: The company made a concession on salary increases to resolve the labor dispute. 
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brunt
brunt
[noun]

the harshest or most intense part of something

Ex: The coastal towns bore the brunt of the hurricane's fury. 
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