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Lista Słówek Poziomu C1 - Perswazja i Dyskurs

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących perswazji i dyskursu, takich jak "wymawiane", "korzystnie", "dyskusyjne" itp. przygotowanych dla uczących się na poziomie C1.

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
to advocate
to advocate
[Czasownik]

to publicly support or recommend something

opowiadać się, bronić

opowiadać się, bronić

Ex: The environmentalist passionately advocates for sustainable living practices. 
to appraise
to appraise
[Czasownik]

to estimate or assess the value, quality, or performance of something or someone

oceniać, szacować

oceniać, szacować

Ex: She appraised his artwork and offered constructive feedback on how to improve his technique. 
to assert
to assert
[Czasownik]

to clearly and confidently say that something is the case

twierdzić, oświadczać

twierdzić, oświadczać

Ex: In an interview last month, the athlete asserted that dedication and hard work will always lead to achieving fitness goals. 
to bias
to bias
[Czasownik]

to unfairly influence or manipulate something or someone in favor of one particular opinion or point of view

wpływać w sposób stronniczy, manipulować z uprzedzeniem

wpływać w sposób stronniczy, manipulować z uprzedzeniem

Ex: She biased the hiring process by favoring candidates from her alma mater. 
to calculate
to calculate
[Czasownik]

to form an opinion by considering the information at hand

oceniać, szacować

oceniać, szacować

Ex: He calculated that it would be more cost-effective to rent rather than buy. 
to commit
to commit
[Czasownik]

to state that one is bound to do something specific

zobowiązywać się, zobowiązywać się do

zobowiązywać się, zobowiązywać się do

Ex: Upon joining the project, team members committed to meeting deadlines and delivering high-quality results. 
to confer
to confer
[Czasownik]

to exchange opinions and have discussions with others, often to come to an agreement or decision

naradzać się, dyskutować

naradzać się, dyskutować

Ex: The board members will confer next week to finalize the budget for the upcoming fiscal year. 
to conform
to conform
[Czasownik]

to adjust oneself in order to align with new or different circumstances or expectations

dostosować się,  przystosować się

dostosować się, przystosować się

Ex: She felt pressured to conform to the fashion trends of her peers. 
to contend
to contend
[Czasownik]

to argue the truth of something

utrzymywać, bronić

utrzymywać, bronić

Ex: The lawyer contended that her client was innocent based on new evidence presented in court. 
to contradict
to contradict
[Czasownik]

(of pieces of evidence, facts, statements, etc.) to be opposite or very different in a way that it is impossible for all to be true at the same time

zaprzeczać

zaprzeczać

Ex: The witness's testimony contradicted the forensic evidence presented in court, leading to doubts about the accuracy of the case. 
contradictory
contradictory
[przymiotnik]

(of statements, beliefs, facts, etc.) incompatible or opposed to one another, even if not strictly illogical

sprzeczny, niezgodny

sprzeczny, niezgodny

Ex: The two theories were contradictory, each offering a different explanation for the same phenomenon. 
to convert
to convert
[Czasownik]

to change the form, purpose, character, etc. of something

przekształcać, konwertować

przekształcać, konwertować

Ex: She decided to convert the spare room into a home office for remote work. 
to deduce
to deduce
[Czasownik]

to determine by a process of logical reasoning

wywnioskować, wydedukować

wywnioskować, wydedukować

Ex: From the evidence presented, the detective deduced the likely sequence of events. 
to deem
to deem
[Czasownik]

to consider in a particular manner

uważać, rozpatrywać

uważać, rozpatrywać

Ex: The committee deemed the proposal worthy of further consideration. 
to dispute
to dispute
[Czasownik]

to argue with someone, particularly over the ownership of something, facts, etc.

spierać się, dyskutować

spierać się, dyskutować

Ex: The two colleagues started to dispute the best approach to solving the project's challenges. 
to echo
to echo
[Czasownik]

to repeat opinions or statements of another person, particularly to show support or agreement

powtarzać, odbijać

powtarzać, odbijać

Ex: She echoed her colleague's concerns about the new policy, emphasizing the potential risks involved. 
anti
anti
[Przyimek]

used to convey that one is against something

przeciw

przeciw

Ex: She joined the protest to show her anti-war stance and demand peace. 
affirmative
affirmative
[przymiotnik]

favorable or supportive in attitude or response

twierdzący, wspierający

twierdzący, wspierający

Ex: In her role as a mentor, Sarah consistently provides affirmative guidance, empowering her mentees to pursue their goals with confidence. 
challenging
challenging
[przymiotnik]

intending to provoke thought or discussion

pobudzający, prowokacyjny

pobudzający, prowokacyjny

Ex: His challenging questions made everyone rethink their assumptions. 
credible
credible
[przymiotnik]

able to be believed or relied on

wiarygodny, godny zaufania

wiarygodny, godny zaufania

Ex: After all the evidence was presented, her alibi seemed more credible than before. 
debatable
debatable
[przymiotnik]

subject to argument or disagreement

dyskusyjny, sporny

dyskusyjny, sporny

Ex: The decision to cut funding for the arts is highly debatable, with strong opinions on both sides. 
pronounced
pronounced
[przymiotnik]

immediately noticed due to being apparent

wyraźny, zauważalny

wyraźny, zauważalny

Ex: The patient's symptoms became more pronounced after the medication was discontinued. 
then again
then again
[Fraza]

used to add a statement that contradicts what one has just said

Ex: I thought the movie was too long. Then again, the visuals were stunning. 
arguably
arguably
[przysłówek]

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

niewątpliwie,  prawdopodobnie

niewątpliwie, prawdopodobnie

Ex: He is arguably the best player in the league, consistently delivering outstanding performances. 
favorably
favorably
[przysłówek]

in a positive, approving, or useful manner

przychylnie, pozytywnie

przychylnie, pozytywnie

Ex: The new policy was received favorably by employees, as it addressed concerns raised in previous feedback. 
as a matter of fact

used to introduce a statement that presents a truth or reality, often to clarify or emphasize something

Ex: As a matter of fact, I did see him at the store earlier today. 
at the same time

used to introduce a second fact that must be taken into account

Ex: She defended her thesis at the same time as managing a lab. 
for that matter
for that matter
[przysłówek]

used to convey that what one is saying about something is also true for another related thing

nawiasem mówiąc, zresztą

nawiasem mówiąc, zresztą

Ex: I don't like coffee, and, for that matter, I'm not a fan of tea either. 
(as|so) far as {sth} [is] concerned

used to refer to the specific matter or topic being discussed or considered

Ex: As far as the weather's concerned, I'd stay indoors today, if I were you. 
to fight out
to fight out
[Czasownik]

to fight until a result is achieved or an agreement is reached

walczyć do końca, rozwiązać poprzez walkę

walczyć do końca, rozwiązać poprzez walkę

Ex: The two nations decided to fight out their differences through diplomatic negotiations. 
clash
clash
[Rzeczownik]

a serious argument between two sides caused by their different views and beliefs

starcie,  konflikt

starcie, konflikt

Ex: The clash between the two political parties escalated into a heated debate over healthcare reform. 
confrontation
confrontation
[Rzeczownik]

a situation of hostility or strong disagreement between two opposing individuals, parties, or groups

konfrontacja,  starcie

konfrontacja, starcie

Ex: The heated confrontation between the neighbors stemmed from a dispute over property boundaries. 
consistency
consistency
[Rzeczownik]

the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards

spójność,  konsekwencja

spójność, konsekwencja

Ex: Successful athletes attribute their achievements to discipline and consistency in training. 
conviction
conviction
[Rzeczownik]

a belief or opinion that is very strong

przekonanie, mocna wiara

przekonanie, mocna wiara

Ex: Despite criticism, she held onto her conviction that renewable energy is the key to a sustainable future. 
critique
critique
[Rzeczownik]

a detailed judgment of something, such as a work of art, a political idea, etc.

krytyka

krytyka

Ex: The art professor provided a thorough critique of the student's painting, praising its composition while suggesting improvements to the color scheme. 
don't-know
don't-know
[Rzeczownik]

someone who does not provide a definite answer for a question, particularly when being asked in a poll

niezdecydowani, nie wiem

niezdecydowani, nie wiem

Ex: During the market research, the interviewees were divided into three groups: those in favor, those against, and the don't-knows who remained undecided on the new technology. 
cliche
cliche
[Rzeczownik]

a remark or opinion that has been used so much that it is not effective anymore

klisz, oklepany zwrot

klisz, oklepany zwrot

Ex: His speech was filled with clichés about love and happiness, failing to resonate with the audience. 
double-edged
double-edged
[przymiotnik]

(of a comment) implying two distinct meanings

dwuznaczny, niejednoznaczny

dwuznaczny, niejednoznaczny

Ex: Her double-edged remark about his promotion could be interpreted as both congratulatory and subtly critical. 
to that effect

used when one is providing the general meaning of written or spoken statement instead of the exact words

Ex: She made a suggestion to hire more staff, or words to that effect, to improve efficiency. 
okey-dokey
okey-dokey
[wykrzyknik]

used to show agreement, approval, etc.

okej, dobrze

okej, dobrze

Ex: "Okey-dokey," she replied cheerfully when asked if she was ready to start the meeting. 
awesomesauce
awesomesauce
[przymiotnik]

used to describe something as really great, satisfying, or interesting

wspaniały, fascynujący

wspaniały, fascynujący

Ex: After watching the movie, she exclaimed, "That film was awesomesauce!" 
for crying out loud

used to show that one is angry, annoyed, or astonished

na litość boską, do jasnej cholery

na litość boską, do jasnej cholery

Ex: For crying out loud, close the door before the cat gets out. 
sob story
sob story
[Rzeczownik]

a story told in order to gain the sympathy of other people, particularly one that seems to be fake

historia pod publiczkę, łzawa opowieść

historia pod publiczkę, łzawa opowieść

Ex: She tried to win the competition with a sob story about her hardships, but the judges saw through it. 
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