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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic - Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)

Learn vocabulary from the first part of Cambridge IELTS 16 Academic, Test 2 Reading Passage 3, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Cambridge IELTS 16 - Academic
wise
wise
[Adjective]

showing good judgment or careful thought

Ex: It was wise to save some money for emergencies. 
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wisdom
wisdom
[noun]

the ability to use knowledge and experience to make sound judgments and decisions

Ex: Emma had the wisdom to seek advice before making such an important decision. 
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revered
revered
[Adjective]

profoundly honored

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few and far between

rare and very hard to find

Ex: In the desert, freshwater springs are few and far between, making them precious resources. 
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empirical
empirical
[Adjective]

based on observation, experience, or experiment rather than primarily on theory

Ex: The researchers found strong empirical support for the theory. 
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to suggest

to lead one to believe or consider that something exists or is true

Ex: The dark clouds and distant rumble of thunder suggested an approaching storm. 
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exceptional
exceptional
[Adjective]

unusual and different from what normally happens or is expected

Ex: Visitors are admitted after hours only in exceptional circumstances. 
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bearded
bearded
[Adjective]

having hair growing on the lower part of one's face

Ex: The bearded man looked rugged and masculine with his thick facial hair. 
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given
given
[preposition]

used to indicate that something is provided or accepted as a basis for a particular situation or argument

Ex: Given the weather conditions, it would be wise to bring an umbrella. 
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context
context
[noun]

the set of facts or circumstances surrounding a situation or event that provide clarity and understanding

Ex: The context of the negotiations changed drastically after the new regulations were introduced. 
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experiential
experiential
[Adjective]

relating to, based on, or gained through direct experience

Ex: The course combines academic study with experiential learning. 
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associate professor

a teacher lower in rank than a full professor but higher than an assistant professor

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finding
finding
[noun]

a piece of information discovered as a result of a research

Ex: The scientist's finding revealed a new way to treat the disease. 
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cognitive
cognitive
[Adjective]

referring to mental processes involved in understanding, thinking, and remembering

Ex: Cognitive therapy helps individuals recognize and change negative thought patterns. 
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developmental
developmental
[Adjective]

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

Ex: The developmental stage of the project focuses on research and planning. 
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cumulatively
cumulatively
[Adverb]

in a way that increases gradually through successive additions, accumulating over time

Ex: The interest on the savings account grows cumulatively with each deposit. 
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to reason
to reason
[Verb]

to think rationally and make good judgement

Ex: The philosopher reasoned with clarity and precision during the debate. 
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to vary
to vary
[Verb]

to experience change, often in response to different situations or conditions

Ex: The color of the chameleon's skin can vary to match its surroundings. 
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dramatically
dramatically
[Adverb]

to a significantly large extent or by a considerable amount

Ex: The company's profits increased dramatically after the strategic changes. 
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contextual
contextual
[Adjective]

relating to or determined by or in context

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insight
insight
[noun]

a clear and deep understanding of a person, situation, problem, or subject

Ex: The study provides valuable insight into consumer behavior. 
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to characterize

to describe someone or something by stating their main qualities or nature

Ex: Sarah characterized the meeting as productive and encouraging. 
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to attribute

to relate or assign a feature or quality to something or someone

Ex: With its awe-inspiring architecture and rich cultural heritage, the city is often attributed with a vibrant and diverse cultural scene. 
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to consider

to think about something carefully before making a decision or forming an opinion

Ex: I need to consider whether to accept the promotion. 
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in other words

used to provide an alternative or clearer way of expressing the same idea

Ex: The weather is quite pleasant today; in other words, it's a beautiful day. 
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solely
solely
[Adverb]

with no one or nothing else involved

Ex: The decision was made solely to improve efficiency. 
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to unfold
to unfold
[Verb]

to develop or progress in a way that shows promise or potential

Ex: As the project continued, new opportunities began to unfold. 
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to promote

to help or support the progress or development of something

Ex: The manager worked to promote teamwork and collaboration within the team. 
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to come up with

to create something, usually an idea, a solution, or a plan, through one's own efforts or thinking

Ex: By the end of the month, I will have come up with a detailed proposal. 
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to identify

to consider someone or something as strongly connected or linked to another

Ex: He identifies the artist with the modern abstract movement. 
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framework
framework
[noun]

a structure or model guiding organization or development, often with rules or principles

Ex: The legal framework outlines the rules and regulations governing business operations. 
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intellectual
intellectual
[Adjective]

relating to or involving the use of reasoning and understanding capacity

Ex: She enjoys engaging in intellectual debates with her colleagues. 
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humility
humility
[noun]

the quality of recognizing one's limitations without excessive pride

Ex: Despite her success, she spoke about her achievements with humility. 
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recognition

the act of accepting that something exists, is true or legal

Ex: The agreement marked official recognition of the new organization. 
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appreciation

a full understanding of a situation, problem, or idea and what it involves

Ex: The course gave Emma a better appreciation of the challenges facing small businesses. 
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perspective

a specific manner of considering something

Ex: From a historical perspective, the Renaissance marked a period of great cultural advancement. 
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at hand
at hand
[phrase]

used to refer to something important or urgent, indicating that it requires immediate attention or consideration

Ex: The deadline for the project is at hand, so we must complete it quickly. 
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relation
relation
[noun]

(usually plural) the mutual interactions or connections established between individuals or groups

Ex: Diplomatic relations between the countries improved last year. 
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compromise

a middle position or solution that combines different or opposing qualities

Ex: The design is a compromise between comfort and practicality. 
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integration

the process of bringing people from different racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups into equal participation in a community or institution

Ex: The school introduced several programs to encourage racial integration. 
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reliable
reliable
[Adjective]

able to be trusted to perform consistently well and meet expectations

Ex: He's reliable, always delivering on his promises and consistently producing quality work. 
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third party

a person or entity that is not directly involved in a particular transaction or agreement, but may have legal rights or obligations related to it

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focal
focal
[Adjective]

having significant or central importance

Ex: The focal event of the conference was the keynote speech by the renowned expert. 
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to adopt
to adopt
[Verb]

to choose and begin to use or show a particular stance, approach, or way of thinking.

Ex: The leader decided to adopt a more optimistic tone during the team meeting. 
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observer
observer
[noun]

a knowledgeable person who studies events or developments and comments on them

Ex: Political observers expect the election to be closely contested. 
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broadly
broadly
[Adverb]

in a general or approximate way, without going into precise detail

Ex: The two candidates broadly agree on most economic issues. 
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interpersonal
interpersonal
[Adjective]

relating to interactions or relationships between people

Ex: Effective communication is essential for positive interpersonal relationships. 
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moral
moral
[Adjective]

concerned with right and wrong behavior

Ex: Teaching children moral values is essential for their development. 
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impartiality

an inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally

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expansive
expansive
[Adjective]

broad in scope or influence

Ex: The library’s expansive collection included books from every genre. 
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viewpoint
viewpoint
[noun]

a certain way of thinking about a subject

Ex: From her viewpoint, the new policy would greatly benefit small businesses by providing much-needed tax relief. 
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to foster
to foster
[Verb]

to encourage the growth or development of something

Ex: The program is designed to foster creativity in young people. 
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related to
related to
[preposition]

being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics

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to confront

to face and deal directly with a difficult problem, situation, or fact

Ex: The company must confront its financial problems. 
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spouse
spouse
[noun]

a male or female partner in a marriage

Ex: He introduced his spouse as his rock and closest confidant. 
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to negotiate

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
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stake
stake
[noun]

a legal or financial interest or right in something

Ex: He had a stake in the inheritance. 
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to argue
to argue
[Verb]

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

Ex: He argued that increasing funding for education would lead to long-term benefits for society. 
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to evaluate

to judge the quality, importance, value, or effectiveness of someone or something

Ex: The committee will evaluate each proposal before making a decision. 
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situational
situational
[Adjective]

affected by the specific setting or conditions something happens in

Ex: This rule is only situational and does not apply all the time. 
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