Cambridge IELTS 17 - آکادمیک - آزمون 3 - خواندن - متن 3 (2)

the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape

a structural wall that supports the weight of the building or a significant portion of it, transmitting the load to the foundation and other structural elements

a rate of charging by the linear foot of work done

a statistical method used to model and analyze the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables

to develop something using certain facts, ideas, situations, etc.

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right

in a way that forbids or effectively prevents something

large watertight chamber used for construction under water

to give someone or something the means or ability to do something

large in quantity, extent, or degree

underground surface below which the ground is wholly saturated with water

extremely careful and attentive to detail

to refer to a source, publication, or piece of information for evidence, support, or clarification

based on observation, experience, or experiment rather than primarily on theory

to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

a period of rapid economic growth and increased business activity

to produce a specific result or effect

fitting for a specific purpose, situation, or person

a student who is trying to complete their first degree in college or university

to weigh relevant information to understand a situation or form a conclusion

the quality of being full of energy, enthusiasm, liveliness, and excitement

the act of providing a sum of money for running a business, activity, project, or individual needs, typically through loans, investments, etc.

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

the ability of something to work successfully or be effective in practice

the relationship between the availability of a commodity and the desire for it, which determines market prices

the ability to obtain goods, services, or funds based on trust, allowing payment to be deferred

to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

a complete change, resulting in a situation that is opposite to the previous one

a brief section added at the end of a literary work, providing closure, commentary, or resolution

a way of doing something or dealing with a problem

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

an overall way in which something is changing or developing

made or designed for a specific function

to use information, knowledge, or past experience to aid in performing a task or achieving a goal

to provide funds or an amount of money

the attraction and allure that makes one interesting

covering or including a wide range of topics, subjects, or people

a sheltered area of water where ships and boats can anchor or remain safely

to think of someone or something in a particular way

a hole in the ground made by excavating

a principle, recommendation, or instruction that helps determine how something should be done

to make a connection between someone or something and another in the mind

a sum of money paid or spent

a widely believed idea that is false or unsupported by evidence