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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 3 - Pagbasa - Talata 2 (1)

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (1) sa Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
global
[pang-uri]

regarding or affecting the entire world

pandaigdig, global

pandaigdig, global

Ex: The internet enables global communication and access to information across continents .Ang internet ay nagbibigay-daan sa **pandaigdigang** komunikasyon at pag-access sa impormasyon sa buong mga kontinente.
importance
[Pangngalan]

the quality or state of being significant or having a strong influence on something

kahalagahan, importansya

kahalagahan, importansya

Ex: This achievement holds great importance for the company 's future growth .Ang tagumpay na ito ay may malaking **kahalagahan** para sa hinaharap na paglago ng kumpanya.
wetland
[Pangngalan]

an area of land characterized by its soil, water, and vegetation, where the water table is at or near the surface for a significant part of the year

basang lupa, latian

basang lupa, latian

Ex: Wetlands act as natural buffers against floods by absorbing and slowing the flow of water during heavy rainfall.Ang **mga wetland** ay kumikilos bilang natural na buffers laban sa baha sa pamamagitan ng pagsipsip at pagbagal ng daloy ng tubig sa panahon ng malakas na ulan.
soil
[Pangngalan]

the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow

lupa, soil

lupa, soil

Ex: Farmers test the soil regularly to ensure it has the necessary nutrients for crops .Regular na sinusuri ng mga magsasaka ang **lupa** upang matiyak na mayroon itong mga kinakailangang sustansya para sa mga pananim.
present
[pang-uri]

(of things) being in a specific place or thing

naroroon, available

naroroon, available

Ex: the autopsy showed that traces of poison were present in the body .Ipinakita ng autopsy na may mga bakas ng lason na **nasa** katawan.
complex
[pang-uri]

having or made of several parts

komplikado, masalimuot

komplikado, masalimuot

Ex: The complex design of the machine required careful assembly .Ang **komplikadong** disenyo ng makina ay nangangailangan ng maingat na pag-assemble.
ecosystem
[Pangngalan]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many fragile ecosystems.Ang pagbabago ng klima ay nagdudulot ng malaking banta sa maraming marupok na **ecosystem**.
unique
[pang-uri]

unlike anything else and distinguished by individuality

natatangi, bukod-tangi

natatangi, bukod-tangi

Ex: This dish has a unique flavor combination that is surprisingly good .Ang putahe na ito ay may **natatanging** kombinasyon ng lasa na nakakagulat na masarap.
according to
[Preposisyon]

in regard to what someone has said or written

ayon sa, sang-ayon sa

ayon sa, sang-ayon sa

Ex: According to historical records , the building was constructed in the early 1900s .**Ayon** sa mga talaang pangkasaysayan, ang gusali ay itinayo noong unang bahagi ng 1900s.
fund
[Pangngalan]

a financial institution that sells shares to individuals and invests in securities issued by other companies

pondo, institusyon ng pamumuhunan kolektibo

pondo, institusyon ng pamumuhunan kolektibo

to disappear
[Pandiwa]

to no longer exist or be used

mawala,  maglaho

mawala, maglaho

Ex: Old farming methods disappeared with modern machinery .Ang mga lumang pamamaraan ng pagsasaka ay **nawala** kasama ng mga modernong makinarya.
to convert
[Pandiwa]

to change the form, purpose, character, etc. of something

baguhin, i-convert

baguhin, i-convert

Ex: The company will convert traditional paper records into a digital database for efficiency .Ang kumpanya ay **magko-convert** ng tradisyonal na mga papel na rekord sa isang digital na database para sa kahusayan.
commercial
[pang-uri]

related to the purchasing and selling of different goods and services

pangkalakalan

pangkalakalan

Ex: The film was a commercial success despite mixed reviews .Ang pelikula ay isang **komersyal** na tagumpay sa kabila ng magkahalong mga pagsusuri.
drainage
[Pangngalan]

the process of removing excess water or other liquids from an area or system, typically through a network of pipes, channels, or natural slopes

drainage, pag-alis ng tubig

drainage, pag-alis ng tubig

Ex: The contractor ensured that the drainage around the building was designed to avoid any water damage .Tiniyak ng kontratista na ang **drainage** sa paligid ng gusali ay dinisenyo upang maiwasan ang anumang pinsala sa tubig.
scheme
[Pangngalan]

an elaborate and systematic plan of action

eskema, plano

eskema, plano

extraction
[Pangngalan]

the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means

pagkuha, ekstraksyon

pagkuha, ekstraksyon

mineral
[Pangngalan]

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

mineral

mineral

Ex: Iron ore is mined for its valuable mineral content .Ang iron ore ay hinuhukay para sa mahalagang nilalaman nitong **mineral**.
peat
[Pangngalan]

a brownish substance, often found under the ground or in regions with wet climate, formed by plants dying and becoming buried, that once added to the soil, can enhance its quality and help plants grow faster

pit, sustansyang pit

pit, sustansyang pit

Ex: The landscaper recommended adding peat to the soil before planting the shrubs .Inirerekomenda ng landscaper na dagdagan ang **peat** sa lupa bago itanim ang mga palumpong.
to remain
[Pandiwa]

to stay in existence after other parts or elements have disappeared or been used up

manatili, matira

manatili, matira

Ex: After the fire , only the foundation of the building remained.Pagkatapos ng sunog, ang pundasyon ng gusali na lamang ang **natira**.
to damage
[Pandiwa]

to physically harm something

sira, pinsala

sira, pinsala

Ex: The construction work was paused to avoid accidentally damaging the underground pipes .Ang trabaho sa konstruksyon ay pansamantalang itinigil upang maiwasang aksidenteng **masira** ang mga tubo sa ilalim ng lupa.
agricultural
[pang-uri]

related to the practice or science of farming

pang-agrikultura, agrikultural

pang-agrikultura, agrikultural

Ex: Sustainable agricultural methods aim to minimize environmental impact while maximizing productivity .Ang mga napapanatiling pamamaraan **agrikultural** ay naglalayong i-minimize ang epekto sa kapaligiran habang pinapakinabangan ang produktibidad.
pesticide
[Pangngalan]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pestisidyo, kemikal na pampatay ng peste

pestisidyo, kemikal na pampatay ng peste

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment .Ang labis na paggamit ng **pestisidyo** ay maaaring makasama sa mga kapaki-pakinabang na insekto at sa kapaligiran.
fertiliser
[Pangngalan]

any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile

pataba, pampataba ng lupa

pataba, pampataba ng lupa

industrial
[pang-uri]

related to the manufacturing or production of goods on a large scale

pang-industriya, may kinalaman sa industriya

pang-industriya, may kinalaman sa industriya

Ex: Industrial design focuses on creating products that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing .Ang disenyo **pang-industriya** ay nakatuon sa paglikha ng mga produkto na parehong functional at kaaya-aya sa paningin.
pollutant
[Pangngalan]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

pollutant, sangkap na nakakapinsala sa kapaligiran

pollutant, sangkap na nakakapinsala sa kapaligiran

Ex: Governments worldwide are working together to address global pollutants through international agreements .Ang mga pamahalaan sa buong mundo ay nagtutulungan upang tugunan ang mga global na **pollutant** sa pamamagitan ng mga internasyonal na kasunduan.
construction
[Pangngalan]

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

konstruksyon

konstruksyon

Ex: Road construction caused delays in traffic.Ang **konstruksyon** ng kalsada ay nagdulot ng pagkaantala sa trapiko.
to gather
[Pandiwa]

to come together in a place, typically for a specific purpose or activity

magtipon, magkita-kita

magtipon, magkita-kita

Ex: The community gathers at the park to enjoy live music on summer evenings .Ang komunidad ay **nagtitipon** sa parke upang tamasahin ang live na musika sa mga gabi ng tag-araw.
fertile
[pang-uri]

(of land or soil) able to produce crops or plants well

mataba

mataba

Ex: The fertile delta of the Ganges River in India provides vital nutrients for rice cultivation .Ang **mayabong** delta ng Ilog Ganges sa India ay nagbibigay ng mahahalagang sustansya para sa pagtatanim ng bigas.
to play
[Pandiwa]

to actively influence or impact a situation, event, or outcome

maglaro, makaapekto

maglaro, makaapekto

Ex: The weather conditions played a crucial role in determining the outcome of the outdoor event .Ang mga kondisyon ng panahon ay **naglaro** ng isang mahalagang papel sa pagtukoy sa kinalabasan ng outdoor na kaganapan.
development
[Pangngalan]

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

pag-unlad

pag-unlad

Ex: They monitored the development of the plant to understand its growth patterns .Minonitor nila ang **pag-unlad** ng halaman upang maunawaan ang mga pattern ng paglaki nito.
consequently
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

dahil dito,  kaya

dahil dito, kaya

Ex: The company invested heavily in research and development , and consequently, they launched innovative products that captured a wider market share .Malaki ang ininvest ng kumpanya sa research and development, at **bilang resulta**, naglunsad sila ng mga makabagong produkto na nakakuha ng mas malaking bahagi ng merkado.
considerable
[pang-uri]

large in quantity, extent, or degree

malaki, makabuluhan

malaki, makabuluhan

Ex: She accumulated a considerable amount of vacation time over the years .Nag-ipon siya ng **malaking** halaga ng oras ng bakasyon sa paglipas ng mga taon.
historical
[pang-uri]

related to the study or depiction of events, people, or objects from the past

makasaysayan

makasaysayan

Ex: He enjoys reading historical novels that bring the past to life .Natutuwa siyang magbasa ng mga **makasaysayang** nobela na nagbibigay-buhay sa nakaraan.
archeological
[pang-uri]

related to the study or exploration of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and sites

arkeolohikal

arkeolohikal

Ex: The archeological expedition uncovered a buried tomb dating back to the Pharaonic era .Ang **arkeolohikal** na ekspedisyon ay nagtuklas ng isang libingang libing na mula pa sa panahon ng Pharaonic.
livelihood
[Pangngalan]

the resources or activities upon which an individual or household depends for their sustenance and survival

kabuhayan, ikinabubuhay

kabuhayan, ikinabubuhay

Ex: Freelancing has become a popular livelihood option , allowing individuals to work remotely and pursue their passions while earning income .Ang **freelancing** ay naging isang popular na opsyon sa kabuhayan, na nagpapahintulot sa mga indibidwal na magtrabaho nang malayo at ituloy ang kanilang mga hilig habang kumikita.
well-being
[Pangngalan]

the state of being healthy, safe, and feeling content

kaginhawaan

kaginhawaan

million
[Pangngalan]

a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole)

milyon, dami

milyon, dami

principal
[pang-uri]

having the highest importance or influence

pangunahin, punong

pangunahin, punong

Ex: His principal role in the company is to oversee international operations .Ang kanyang **pangunahing** papel sa kumpanya ay pangasiwaan ang mga operasyong internasyonal.
hydrologist
[Pangngalan]

a geologist skilled in hydrology

hydrologist, geologong bihasa sa hydrology

hydrologist, geologong bihasa sa hydrology

institute
[Pangngalan]

an organization focused on a specific field of study or training, offering programs and services related to science, technology, medicine, business, or the arts

instituto, institusyon

instituto, institusyon

developing country
[Pangngalan]

a country that is seeking industrial development and is moving away from an economic system that is based mainly on agriculture

bansang umuunlad, bansang nagpapaunlad

bansang umuunlad, bansang nagpapaunlad

Ex: Technology transfer agreements are helping developing countries improve their industrial capabilities .Ang mga kasunduan sa paglilipat ng teknolohiya ay tumutulong sa mga **bansang umuunlad** na mapabuti ang kanilang mga kakayahan sa industriya.
dependent on
[pang-uri]

being determined by conditions or circumstances that follow

nakadepende sa,  nakasailalim sa

nakadepende sa, nakasailalim sa

agriculture
[Pangngalan]

the business of using the land to grow and take care of crops and livestock

agrikultura

agrikultura

to serve
[Pandiwa]

to be of use or help in fulfilling or accomplishing something

maglingkod, maging kapaki-pakinabang

maglingkod, maging kapaki-pakinabang

Ex: The meeting served its purpose by addressing all the issues on the agenda .Ang pulong ay **nagsilbi** sa layunin nito sa pamamagitan ng pagtugon sa lahat ng isyu sa agenda.
crucial
[pang-uri]

having great importance, often having a significant impact on the outcome of a situation

mahalaga, kritikal

mahalaga, kritikal

Ex: Good communication skills are crucial in building strong relationships .Ang mahusay na kasanayan sa komunikasyon ay **napakahalaga** sa pagbuo ng malakas na relasyon.
tool
[Pangngalan]

the means whereby some act is accomplished

kasangkapan, instrumento

kasangkapan, instrumento

to mitigate
[Pandiwa]

to lessen something's seriousness, severity, or painfulness

pahinain, bawasan

pahinain, bawasan

Ex: The new medication helped to mitigate the patient ’s severe pain .Ang bagong gamot ay nakatulong sa **pagbawas** ng matinding sakit ng pasyente.
head
[Pangngalan]

a person in a leadership or authority position within a specific organization or group

ulo, pinuno

ulo, pinuno

Ex: They 're searching for a new head for the design division .Hinahanap nila ang isang bagong **ulo** para sa division ng disenyo.
adaptation
[Pangngalan]

the process by which organisms evolve over time to better suit their environment, survive, and reproduce more effectively

pag-aangkop, adaptasyon

pag-aangkop, adaptasyon

Ex: Bacterial adaptation to antibiotics poses a challenge to medicine .
to point
[Pandiwa]

to focus or direct something towards a specific target

ituro, idirekta

ituro, idirekta

Ex: She pointed the spray bottle at the plant to water it .Itinutok niya ang spray bottle sa halaman para diligan ito.
coastal
[pang-uri]

related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea

baybayin, pampang

baybayin, pampang

Ex: Coastal communities often rely on fishing and tourism for economic livelihood .Ang mga komunidad na **baybayin** ay madalas na umaasa sa pangingisda at turismo para sa kabuhayang ekonomiko.
extreme
[pang-uri]

very high in intensity or degree

matinding, masidhi

matinding, masidhi

Ex: The movie depicted extreme acts of courage and heroism in the face of adversity .Ang pelikula ay naglarawan ng **matinding** mga gawa ng katapangan at kabayanihan sa harap ng kahirapan.
flooding
[Pangngalan]

the fact or presence of water covering a part of land that is typically dry

baha

baha

Ex: Farmers faced significant losses due to the flooding of their fields during the monsoon season .Ang mga magsasaka ay nakaranas ng malaking pagkalugi dahil sa **pagbaha** ng kanilang mga bukid sa panahon ng tag-ulan.
shelter
[Pangngalan]

a place or building that is meant to provide protection against danger or bad weather

kanlungan, silungan

kanlungan, silungan

Ex: The soldiers constructed a shelter to rest for the night .Ang mga sundalo ay nagtayo ng **kanlungan** upang magpahinga sa gabi.
agency
[Pangngalan]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

ahensya, opisina

ahensya, opisina

Ex: An insurance agency sells and services insurance policies to clients , acting as a liaison between the insurer and the insured .Ang isang **ahensya** ng seguro ay nagbebenta at naglilingkod ng mga polisa ng seguro sa mga kliyente, na gumaganap bilang isang tagapamagitan sa pagitan ng insurer at ng insured.
to restore
[Pandiwa]

to bring something back into existence or operation, especially after a period of inactivity or decline

ibalik, ayusin

ibalik, ayusin

Ex: The doctor 's efforts to restore the patient 's health were successful after a long period of treatment .Ang mga pagsisikap ng doktor na **ibalik** ang kalusugan ng pasyente ay nagtagumpay pagkatapos ng mahabang panahon ng paggamot.
to lose
[Pandiwa]

to experience a reduction or decrease in the quantity or amount of something

mawala, bawasan

mawala, bawasan

Ex: The doctor advised him to lose weight to improve his overall health .Inirerekomenda ng doktor na **magbawas** siya ng timbang para mapabuti ang kanyang pangkalahatang kalusugan.
to plant
[Pandiwa]

to put a seed, plant, etc. in the ground to grow

itanim

itanim

Ex: We plant fresh herbs in small pots to keep in the kitchen .**Nagtatanim** kami ng mga sariwang halaman sa maliliit na paso para itago sa kusina.
buffer
[Pangngalan]

something that acts like a shield or barrier to protect from harm, damage, or stress

tagapagitan, hadlang

tagapagitan, hadlang

Ex: Thick curtains serve as a buffer against cold air .Ang makapal na kurtina ay nagsisilbing **buffer** laban sa malamig na hangin.
Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademiko
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