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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 4 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (2)

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Test 4 - Pagbasa - Passage 3 (2) sa Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, upang matulungan kang maghanda para sa iyong IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
possession
[Pangngalan]

(usually plural) anything that a person has or owns at a specific time

ari-arian, pagmamay-ari

ari-arian, pagmamay-ari

Ex: Losing her possessions in the fire was devastating , but she was grateful that her family was safe .Ang pagkawala ng kanyang **mga ari-arian** sa sunog ay nakakasira ng loob, ngunit nagpapasalamat siya na ligtas ang kanyang pamilya.
ethical
[pang-uri]

sticking to principles of right and wrong conduct and moral standards

etikal, moral

etikal, moral

Ex: They faced a dilemma but ultimately made the ethical decision , even though it was harder .Nakaranas sila ng isang dilemma ngunit sa huli ay gumawa ng **etikal** na desisyon, kahit na ito ay mas mahirap.
obligation
[Pangngalan]

an action that one must perform because they are legally or morally forced to do so

obligasyon, tungkulin

obligasyon, tungkulin

Ex: Attending the meeting was not just a suggestion but an obligation for all department heads .Ang pagdalo sa pulong ay hindi lamang isang mungkahi kundi isang **obligasyon** para sa lahat ng mga head ng department.
disparity
[Pangngalan]

a noticeable and often significant difference or inequality between two or more things

pagkakaiba, hindi pagkakapantay-pantay

pagkakaiba, hindi pagkakapantay-pantay

Ex: She noticed a disparity in the treatment of male and female employees .Napansin niya ang isang **pagkakaiba** sa pagtrato sa mga lalaki at babaeng empleyado.
status
[Pangngalan]

someone or something's professional or social position relative to that of others

katayuan, posisyon

katayuan, posisyon

Ex: She worked hard to achieve a higher status in her career.Nagsumikap siya upang makamit ang mas mataas na **katayuan** sa kanyang karera.
to arise
[Pandiwa]

to begin to exist or become noticeable

lumitaw, magkaroon

lumitaw, magkaroon

Ex: A sense of urgency arose when the company realized the impending deadline for product launch .Isang pakiramdam ng kagyat na **nagmula** nang mapagtanto ng kumpanya ang papalapit na deadline para sa paglulunsad ng produkto.
to swap
[Pandiwa]

to give something to a person and receive something else in return

magpalitan, magswap

magpalitan, magswap

Ex: Let 's swap contact information so we can stay in touch .Magpalitan tayo ng impormasyon ng contact para manatili tayong magkausap.
arrow
[Pangngalan]

a type of weapon consisting of a metal or wooden bar with a sharp head and feathers at the end

pana, arrow

pana, arrow

Ex: The children crafted homemade bows and arrows for their playtime adventures.Ang mga bata ay gumawa ng mga homemade na busog at **pana** para sa kanilang mga pakikipagsapalaran sa paglalaro.
hunting
[Pangngalan]

the activity of pursuing and killing wild animals or birds for money, food, or fun

pangangaso, paghuli

pangangaso, paghuli

acclaim
[Pangngalan]

admiration for achievements, often in art, performance, leadership, or innovation

pagpupuri, pagkilala

pagpupuri, pagkilala

to belong to
[Pandiwa]

to be owned by a particular person or group

pagmamay-ari ng, ari ng

pagmamay-ari ng, ari ng

Ex: The vintage car belongs to my uncle , who meticulously maintains it .Ang vintage car **ay pag-aari** ng tiyuhin ko, na maingat na nagpapanatili nito.
domineering
[pang-uri]

showing a tendency to have control over others without taking their emotions into account

mapang-ari, dominante

mapang-ari, dominante

Ex: The domineering mother-in-law constantly interfered in her son 's marriage , causing tension and resentment between the couple .Ang **mapang-aping** biyenang babae ay patuloy na nakikialam sa kasal ng kanyang anak, na nagdudulot ng tensyon at pagdaramdam sa pagitan ng mag-asawa.
to ostracize
[Pandiwa]

to exclude someone from a community or group as a form of punishment or social rejection

itapon, ibukod

itapon, ibukod

Ex: The strict religious community would ostracize members who disobeyed their rules .Ang mahigpit na relihiyosong komunidad ay **itataboy** ang mga miyembrong hindi sumusunod sa kanilang mga patakaran.
to exile
[Pandiwa]

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

itapon, palayasin

itapon, palayasin

Ex: The journalist was exiled for exposing government corruption .Ang mamamahayag ay **ipinatapon** dahil sa paglantad ng katiwalian ng gobyerno.
offender
[Pangngalan]

a person who commits a crime

salarin, kriminal

salarin, kriminal

Ex: Community service can be a constructive way for offenders to make amends for their actions and contribute positively to society .Ang serbisyo sa komunidad ay maaaring maging isang konstruktibong paraan para sa **mga nagkasala** na magbayad para sa kanilang mga aksyon at makatulong nang positibo sa lipunan.
to dictate
[Pandiwa]

to tell someone what to do or not to do, in an authoritative way

mag-utos, magdikta

mag-utos, magdikta

Ex: The leader was dictating changes to the organizational structure .Ang lider ay **nagdidikta** ng mga pagbabago sa istruktura ng organisasyon.
to benefit
[Pandiwa]

to gain something good from something or someone

makinabang, magbenepisyo

makinabang, magbenepisyo

Ex: The company has benefited from increased sales after launching the new product .Ang kumpanya ay **nakinabang** mula sa pagtaas ng mga benta pagkatapos ilunsad ang bagong produkto.
racism
[Pangngalan]

the belief that certain races are superior to others

rasismo, diskriminasyon sa lahi

rasismo, diskriminasyon sa lahi

Ex: The ideology of racism promotes hatred and division between races .Ang ideolohiya ng **rasismo** ay nagtataguyod ng poot at paghahati sa pagitan ng mga lahi.
warfare
[Pangngalan]

an active struggle between competing entities

digmaan,  labanan

digmaan, labanan

to rest on
[Pandiwa]

to have as a foundation or to be based on a particular idea, concept, principle, or condition

nakasalalay sa, ibatay sa

nakasalalay sa, ibatay sa

Ex: The historical accuracy of the documentary rests upon meticulous research and firsthand accounts.Ang historikal na katumpakan ng dokumentaryo **ay nakasalalay sa** masusing pananaliksik at firsthand accounts.
desperate
[pang-uri]

feeling or showing deep sadness mixed with hopelessness and emotional pain

desperado, sa desperasyon

desperado, sa desperasyon

Ex: Her voice sounded desperate when she talked about her past .Tila **desperado** ang kanyang boses nang magkuwento siya tungkol sa kanyang nakaraan.
sparsely
[pang-abay]

in a way that is spread out thinly, with few people or things in an area

madalang, kakaunti ang populasyon

madalang, kakaunti ang populasyon

Ex: The town is sparsely populated compared to the nearby city .Ang bayan ay **madalang ang populasyon** kumpara sa kalapit na lungsod.
to populate
[Pandiwa]

(of individuals or communities) to be present in a particular area

tumira, manirahan

tumira, manirahan

Ex: The tourist season significantly increases the number of people populating the charming seaside resort .Ang tourist season ay makabuluhang nagdaragdag sa bilang ng mga taong **naninirahan** sa kaakit-akit na seaside resort.
population
[Pangngalan]

the number of people who live in a particular city or country

populasyon

populasyon

Ex: The government implemented measures to control the population growth.Ang pamahalaan ay nagpatupad ng mga hakbang upang makontrol ang paglaki ng **populasyon**.
hunter-gatherer
[Pangngalan]

a member of a society that survives by hunting animals, fishing, and gathering wild plants rather than practicing agriculture

mangangaso-mangangalap, mangangaso-mangangalap

mangangaso-mangangalap, mangangaso-mangangalap

to hunt
[Pandiwa]

to pursue wild animals in order to kill or catch them, for sport or food

manghuli, habulin

manghuli, habulin

Ex: We must respect wildlife conservation laws and not hunt protected species.Dapat nating igalang ang mga batas sa konserbasyon ng wildlife at hindi **manghuli** ng mga protektadong species.
density
[Pangngalan]

the spatial property of having elements packed closely together, typically expressed as the number of units per given area or volume

kasiksikan, konsentrasyon

kasiksikan, konsentrasyon

unlikely
[pang-uri]

difficult to consider as plausible or believable

hindi malamang, hindi kapani-paniwala

hindi malamang, hindi kapani-paniwala

Ex: It 's unlikely that the event will be postponed due to clear weather forecasts .**Hindi malamang** na ma-postpone ang event dahil sa malinaw na weather forecasts.
competitiveness
[Pangngalan]

the desire to win or succeed in a contest or rivalry with others

pagiging mapagkumpitensya

pagiging mapagkumpitensya

significant
[pang-uri]

important or great enough to be noticed or have an impact

mahalaga, makabuluhan

mahalaga, makabuluhan

Ex: The company 's decision to expand into international markets was significant for its growth strategy .Ang desisyon ng kumpanya na lumawak sa mga internasyonal na merkado ay **makabuluhan** para sa estratehiya ng paglago nito.
to back
[Pandiwa]

to confirm, support, or provide evidence that something is legitimate or true

suportahan, patunayan

suportahan, patunayan

Ex: The journalist backed the story with verified sources and firsthand accounts .**Sinang-ayunan** ng mamamahayag ang kuwento na may mga napatunayang pinagmulan at firsthand accounts.
notion
[Pangngalan]

a general concept or belief

ideya, konsepto

ideya, konsepto

Ex: The notion of fairness is often debated in legal contexts .Ang **konsepto** ng pagiging patas ay madalas na pinagtatalunan sa mga kontekstong legal.
contemporary
[pang-uri]

belonging to the current era

kontemporaryo, kasalukuyan

kontemporaryo, kasalukuyan

Ex: Her novel explores contemporary issues that parallel ongoing social changes .Ang kanyang nobela ay tumatalakay sa mga isyung **kontemporaryo** na kahanay ng kasalukuyang pagbabago sa lipunan.
anthropologist
[Pangngalan]

a scientist who studies human beings, especially their societies, cultures, languages, and physical development, both past and present

antropologo, etnologo

antropologo, etnologo

to remark
[Pandiwa]

to express one's opinion through a statement

puna, magkomento

puna, magkomento

Ex: After attending the lecture , he took a moment to remark on the speaker 's insightful analysis during the Q&A session .Pagkatapos dumalo sa lektura, kumuha siya ng sandali para **puna** ang matalinong pagsusuri ng nagsasalita sa session ng Q&A.

to be a typical feature or quality of someone or something

ilarawan, tukuyin

ilarawan, tukuyin

Ex: The fast-paced dialogue and witty banter characterize the style of screwball comedies .Ang mabilis na dayalogo at matalinong biruan ay **nagpapakilala** sa estilo ng screwball comedies.
extreme
[pang-uri]

very high in intensity or degree

matinding, masidhi

matinding, masidhi

Ex: The movie depicted extreme acts of courage and heroism in the face of adversity .Ang pelikula ay naglarawan ng **matinding** mga gawa ng katapangan at kabayanihan sa harap ng kahirapan.
egalitarianism
[Pangngalan]

the belief in and advocacy for the equal rights, opportunities, and treatment of all individuals, regardless of their gender, race, social class, or other distinguishing characteristics

egalitaryanismo, ang egalitaryanismo

egalitaryanismo, ang egalitaryanismo

Ex: The educational system should embody egalitarianism, providing every student with the same opportunities to learn and succeed .Ang sistema ng edukasyon ay dapat magpakita ng **egalitarianism**, na nagbibigay sa bawat mag-aaral ng parehong mga pagkakataon na matuto at magtagumpay.
to observe
[Pandiwa]

to make a written or spoken remark

pansinin, punahin

pansinin, punahin

Ex: The teacher observed that the student 's essay demonstrated a thorough understanding of the topic**Napansin** ng guro na ang sanaysay ng estudyante ay nagpapakita ng malalim na pag-unawa sa paksa.
to accumulate
[Pandiwa]

to collect an increasing amount of something over time

mag-ipon, magtipon

mag-ipon, magtipon

Ex: She 's accumulating a vast collection of vintage records .Siya ay **nagtitipon** ng malaking koleksyon ng mga vintage records.
property
[Pangngalan]

a building or the piece of land surrounding it, owned by individuals, businesses, or entities

ari-arian,  ari-arian

ari-arian, ari-arian

Ex: The deed and title documents confirm ownership of the property and its legal boundaries .Ang mga dokumento ng gawa at titulo ay nagpapatunay ng pagmamay-ari ng **ari-arian** at ang mga legal na hangganan nito.
Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademiko
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