Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic - Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)
Learn vocabulary from the first part of Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic, Test 3 Reading Passage 2, with useful words and expressions from the text.
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regarding or affecting the entire world
the quality or state of being significant or having a strong influence on something
an area of land characterized by its soil, water, and vegetation, where the water table is at or near the surface for a significant part of the year
the black or brownish substance consisted of organic remains, rock particles, and clay that forms the upper layer of earth where trees or other plants grow
(of things) being in a specific place or thing
having or made of several parts
a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system
unlike anything else and distinguished by individuality
in regard to what someone has said or written
a financial entity that pools investors' money and invests it in securities
to change the form, purpose, character, etc. of something
related to the purchasing and selling of different goods and services
the process of removing excess water or other liquids from an area or system, typically through a network of pipes, channels, or natural slopes
an organized and carefully planned course of action
the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means
a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a characteristic chemical composition and physical structure
a brownish substance, often found under the ground or in regions with wet climate, formed by plants dying and becoming buried, that once added to the soil, can enhance its quality and help plants grow faster
to stay in existence after other parts or elements have disappeared or been used up
to physically harm something
related to the practice or science of farming
a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops
any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile
related to the manufacturing or production of goods on a large scale
any substance that is harmful to the environment
the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure
to come together in a place, typically for a specific purpose or activity
(of land or soil) able to produce crops or plants well
to actively influence or impact a situation, event, or outcome
a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.
used to indicate a logical result or effect
large in quantity, extent, or degree
related to the study or depiction of events, people, or objects from the past
related to the study or exploration of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and sites
the resources or activities upon which an individual or household depends for their sustenance and survival
having the highest importance or influence
an organization focused on a specific field of study or training, offering programs and services related to science, technology, medicine, business, or the arts
a country that is seeking industrial development and is moving away from an economic system that is based mainly on agriculture
the business of using the land to grow and take care of crops and livestock
to be of use or help in fulfilling or accomplishing something
the means whereby some act is accomplished
to lessen something's seriousness, severity, or painfulness
a person in a leadership or authority position within a specific organization or group
the process by which organisms evolve traits that improve their chances of survival and reproduction in a particular environment
to focus or direct something towards a specific target
related to or situated along the coast, the area where land meets the sea
very high in intensity or degree
the fact or presence of water covering a part of land that is typically dry
a building, structure, or covered place that provides protection from weather, danger, or harm
a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions
to bring something back into existence or operation, especially after a period of inactivity or decline
to experience a reduction or decrease in the quantity or amount of something
