自然科学 SAT - 動物の生態と進化

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

昆虫食

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

肉食性の

(of an animal) solely feeding on plants

草食性の

an organism that breaks down and feeds on dead organic matter, such as decaying plant and animal material

デトリティボア

relating to organisms that live on or inside other organisms, benefiting at the expense of their hosts

寄生的

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

従属栄養生物

(of wild animals) living by preying on other animals, especially live animals

捕食的な, 捕食者

(of an animal) generating and regulating their own body heat internally

内因性の, 恒温動物の

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

冬眠する, ハイバーネートする

the process of waking up or becoming active and alert, often influenced by environmental stimuli or internal biological rhythms

覚醒, 興奮

the poisonous substance produced by some snakes, scorpions, or spiders to kill their prey or to defend themselves from predators

毒, 毒素

the harmful effects or potential for harm caused by a substance to living organisms or the environment

毒性

the capacity or ability of an organism, often referring to its genetic potential, reproductive success, or influence within its environment

ポテンシャル, 能力

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

生息地, ハビタット

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

生態系

primarily active or occurring during the daytime

日中の, 昼行性の

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

夜行性の, 夜に活動する

(of an animal) active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk

薄明の, 黄昏時の

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

リバースする, 項料

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

内骨格

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

外骨格

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

絶滅した, 消滅した

the process of bringing extinct species back to life through scientific methods

ディーエクシンクション, 絶滅種の復活

(of a wild animal) tamed and adapted to live with or to the benefit of humans

飼いならされた, 家畜化された

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

保護, 保存

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

クローン作成, 複製

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

進化的な, 発展的な

a taxonomic rank below species that represents a distinct population within a species, exhibiting consistent differences from other populations

亜種

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

原始的な, 古代的な

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

絶滅危惧種, 危険にさらされている

found or restricted to a specific geographic region or habitat

固有の

an extinct large, elephant-like mammal with long, curved tusks and a body covered in hair, which lived during the Pleistocene epoch

マストドン

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

ネアンデルタール人, ネアンデルタール