Необходимый Словарный Запас для GRE - Компьютеры

relating to or using signals in which information is represented through constant changing of physical quantities

аналоговый

a harmful program that pretends to be legitimate and can give unauthorized access to a device

троянская программа

a text containing instructions in a specific order that supports a programming language which human can read and it specifies the behaviors of a computer system

исходный код

to verify a device, user, or process before an access to the computer's resources is allowed

аутентифицировать

to start a computer, typically involves setting up hardware elements to prepare the computer for use

загружаться

a test version of software released to users to find and fix bugs before the final release

бета-версия

a program that automatically loads and initializes the operating system on a computer

начальная загрузка

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

кэш, кэш-память

(computing) a temporary storage area for data that has been copied or cut

буфер обмена

the ability of a computer, software, or equipment to work with another device or software

совместимость

the set-up, hardware, and software of a computer that makes a complete system

конфигурация

to cause errors or damage to a digital file, program, or system, either intentionally or unintentionally, due to a malfunction or interference

Не исправить

the non-physical space in which communication over computer networks takes place

киберпространство

a tool that analyzes and identifies issues, errors, or problems within the software or system

диагностика

to convert machine code back into human-readable assembly language or source code for analysis or modification

дизассемблировать

a small hardware device that connects to a computer, smartphone, or other electronic device to provide additional functionality

донгл

an electronic device that connects computer networks and sends data between networks

маршрутизатор

a type of non-volatile memory in a computer or electronic device where data is permanently stored

ПЗУ

a server that acts as an intermediary between a user's device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security, privacy, or performance

прокси-сервер

unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or use of copyrighted materials, such as software, music, movies, or books

пиратство

a small piece of code or update applied to existing software to fix issues, enhance functionality, or address vulnerabilities

исправления

(computing) describing a computer program whose source code is available to everyone

открытый исходный код

a condition where a circuit or electrical system experiences a current higher than its designed capacity; potentially leading to overheating and damage

перегрузка

(of software or a code) intentionally designed to harm, damage, or disrupt computer systems, networks, or data

вредоносный

a private network within an organization for internal communication, collaboration, and resource sharing among members

интрасеть

(computing) the program through which a user can interact with a computer, especially its design and appearance

интерфейс

to convert data or information into a coded form, mainly to prevent unauthorized access

зашифровать

a technology that compresses and decompresses audio or video data; facilitating efficient storage, transmission, and playback of multimedia content

кодек

(computing) a type of software stored in a way that it cannot be modified or erased

микропрограммное обеспечение

to create a new set of data by using a mathematical or logical process to transform an existing set of data

генерировать

the speed at which a computer can process information, expressed in (MHz)

тактовая частота

a unit for measuring the size of computer data that equals 8 bits

байт

a numerical system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, as its base

двоичный файл

characterized by a mode in which data or a file is accessible for viewing but cannot be modified or altered

только для чтения

to extract audio or video content from a physical medium, such as a CD or DVD and convert it into a digital format for storage or playback

копировать

a data structure that removes data in the reverse order of saving them and serves as a temporary storage

устройство хранения

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

локальная сеть

to identify, analyze, and resolve problems or malfunctions in a system, device, or process to restore it to proper functioning

устранение неполадок

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

ОЗУ

the visual interaction that users have with the computer through icons, menus, etc.

ГИП