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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Wrogie Działania

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to accost
to accost
[Czasownik]

to approach or address someone aggressively or boldly, often with an intent to engage in conversation

zaczepiać, podchodzić

zaczepiać, podchodzić

Ex: Street vendors often accost pedestrians, trying to sell their wares. 
affront
affront
[Rzeczownik]

an action or remark intended to insult or show open disrespect

obelga, zniewaga

obelga, zniewaga

Ex: Ignoring her invitation was seen as a personal affront. 
to alienate
to alienate
[Czasownik]

to make one feel isolated or hostile toward a person or group

alienować, oddalać

alienować, oddalać

Ex: His rude comments began to alienate him from his colleagues. 
atrocity
atrocity
[Rzeczownik]

the extreme brutality of an action or behavior

okrucieństwo, barbarzyństwo

okrucieństwo, barbarzyństwo

Ex: The atrocity of the massacre left the entire nation in shock and mourning. 
to beleaguer
to beleaguer
[Czasownik]

to trouble or harass someone repeatedly over time

niepokoić, nękać

niepokoić, nękać

Ex: The celebrity was beleaguered by relentless paparazzi. 
to browbeat
to browbeat
[Czasownik]

to force a person into doing something by threatening or frightening them

zastraszać, przymuszać groźbami

zastraszać, przymuszać groźbami

Ex: He tried to browbeat his coworkers into accepting the new policy. 
coercion
coercion
[Rzeczownik]

the act of compelling someone to act against their will by using force or threats

przymus, zmuszanie

przymus, zmuszanie

Ex: The confession was obtained through coercion, not free will. 
to daunt
to daunt
[Czasownik]

to cause a person to feel scared or unconfident

zniechęcać, straszyć

zniechęcać, straszyć

Ex: His initial failures did not daunt him; he simply viewed them as learning experiences. 
to discomfit
to discomfit
[Czasownik]

to make someone feel uneasy, embarrassed, or anxious

wprawiać w zakłopotanie, wytrącać z równowagi

wprawiać w zakłopotanie, wytrącać z równowagi

Ex: Her blunt honesty often discomfited those who expected polite small talk. 
to expatriate
to expatriate
[Czasownik]

to banish or force an individual to live in another country

wygnać, zesłać

wygnać, zesłać

Ex: The authoritarian regime decided to expatriate political dissidents who posed a threat to its authority. 
to flout
to flout
[Czasownik]

to openly mock or ridicule someone or something with disdain or contempt

otwarcie szydzić, wyśmiewać

otwarcie szydzić, wyśmiewać

Ex: He flouted at the idea of working overtime, dismissing it as unnecessary. 
to foment
to foment
[Czasownik]

to encourage or provoke something, especially trouble or conflict

podsycac, prowokować

podsycac, prowokować

Ex: His words began to foment anger in the crowd. 
to perturb
to perturb
[Czasownik]

to disturb or unsettle someone, causing them to feel worried or uneasy

niepokoić, zakłócać

niepokoić, zakłócać

Ex: The constant noise from the construction site perturbed the residents, disrupting their peace and quiet. 
to inundate
to inundate
[Czasownik]

to overwhelm someone with a large amount of something, such as work, requests, or information

zalewać, przytłaczać

zalewać, przytłaczać

Ex: After the announcement, the office was inundated with calls. 
riposte
riposte
[Rzeczownik]

a sharp, clever, or critical response to a comment or action

odpowiedź, replika

odpowiedź, replika

Ex: Her riposte to the insult left the entire room silent. 
subversive
subversive
[przymiotnik]

intended to destabilize or overthrow an existing system, institution, or authority

wywrotowy, destrukcyjny

wywrotowy, destrukcyjny

Ex: The film's subversive message challenged traditional gender roles. 
to embroil
to embroil
[Czasownik]

to involve someone in an argument, conflict, or complex situation

uwikłać, wplątać

uwikłać, wplątać

Ex: He inadvertently embroiled himself in a heated debate at the family gathering by expressing a controversial opinion. 
to imperil
to imperil
[Czasownik]

to endanger a person or thing

narażać na niebezpieczeństwo, zagrażać

narażać na niebezpieczeństwo, zagrażać

Ex: Driving under the influence not only imperils the driver but also other innocent road users. 
to coerce
to coerce
[Czasownik]

to force someone to do something through threats or manipulation

zmuszać, przymuszać

zmuszać, przymuszać

Ex: The criminal coerced the witness into changing their testimony through intimidation. 
to instigate
to instigate
[Czasownik]

to deliberately provoke, encourage, or initiate actions that lead to conflict, hostility, or harmful consequences

podżegać, prowokować

podżegać, prowokować

Ex: With a calculated move, the agent planted false evidence to instigate suspicion and create chaos within the organization. 
to ostracize
to ostracize
[Czasownik]

to exclude someone from a community or group as a form of punishment or social rejection

ostracyzmować, wykluczać

ostracyzmować, wykluczać

Ex: After the scandal, he was ostracized by his colleagues and no longer invited to company events. 
to polarize
to polarize
[Czasownik]

to cause something or someone to split into opposing groups

polaryzować, dzielić

polaryzować, dzielić

Ex: Her speech will polarize the audience. 
duress
duress
[Rzeczownik]

compulsion or threat used to force someone to act against their will

przymus, presja

przymus, presja

Ex: He signed the contract under duress. 
to oust
to oust
[Czasownik]

to remove someone from a position or place, often forcefully

usunąć, wyrzucić

usunąć, wyrzucić

Ex: The shareholders voted to oust the CEO due to financial mismanagement. 
to [throw] down the gauntlet

to challenge someone to a fight or competition

rzucić wyzwanie, wyzwać do walki

rzucić wyzwanie, wyzwać do walki

Ex: The champion threw down the gauntlet and invited anyone to challenge him. 
to nettle
to nettle
[Czasownik]

to annoy or disturb someone, particularly through minor irritations

drażnić, irytować

drażnić, irytować

Ex: His persistent interruptions nettled the teacher during the lesson. 
to tantalize
to tantalize
[Czasownik]

to torment someone by showing or promising something desirable that remains just out of reach

kusić, drażnić

kusić, drażnić

Ex: The aroma of fresh bread tantalized the hungry crowd. 
to [throw] the book

to punish someone as severely as possible

Ex: They threw the book, imposing maximum fines and jail time. 
to [raise] Cain

to behave wildly or cause a noisy disturbance

Ex: The kids raised Cain when they found out the trip was canceled. 
to [take|bring|knock] {sb} down a peg (or two|)

to humble someone who is acting arrogant or overconfident, by reducing their status or pride

Ex: Critics took the celebrity down a peg with harsh reviews. 
to [throw|pour] cold water on {sth}

to demotivate a person by talking negatively about their plans or opinions

studzić zapał, gasić entuzjazm

studzić zapał, gasić entuzjazm

Ex: When she excitedly shared her innovative business concept, her skeptical colleagues quickly threw cold water on the idea, highlighting potential flaws. 
to usurp
to usurp
[Czasownik]

to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

uzurpować, nieprawnie przejmować

uzurpować, nieprawnie przejmować

Ex: In many tales, evil stepmothers attempt to usurp the rightful place of the princess. 
noxious
noxious
[przymiotnik]

causing harm

szkodliwy, toksyczny

szkodliwy, toksyczny

Ex: The factory released noxious fumes into the air. 
to abase
to abase
[Czasownik]

to lower someone in rank, prestige, or self‑esteem

poniżać, upokarzać

poniżać, upokarzać

Ex: The teacher's harsh words served only to abase the student in front of his peers. 
to abash
to abash
[Czasownik]

to make someone feel uneasy and ashamed

zawstydzać, wprawiać w zakłopotanie

zawstydzać, wprawiać w zakłopotanie

Ex: The teacher's sharp criticism abashed the student, causing her to lose confidence. 
to elicit
to elicit
[Czasownik]

to make someone react in a certain way or reveal information

wywołać, uzyskać

wywołać, uzyskać

Ex: The detective skillfully posed questions to elicit a confession from the suspect. 
to goad
to goad
[Czasownik]

to irritate or provoke someone, typically through persistent criticism, taunts, or annoying behavior

drażnić, prowokować

drażnić, prowokować

Ex: The relentless teasing from his classmates began to goad him, pushing him to the brink of frustration. 
to perpetrate
to perpetrate
[Czasownik]

to commit a harmful, illegal, or immoral act, such as a crime or an offense

popełniać, dokonywać

popełniać, dokonywać

Ex: The investigation revealed a network of individuals who conspired to perpetrate fraud against the company. 
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