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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic - Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1) in the Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
meanwhile
meanwhile
[Adverb]

in a way that connects or contrasts two simultaneous actions, events, or conditions

Ex: One team was emphasizing speed in product development ; meanwhile, another team prioritized thorough testing for quality assurance .
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the former
the former
[pronoun]

the first of two people, things, or groups previously mentioned

Ex: Between the two choices of cake or ice cream , the former is my favorite dessert .
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to take on

to accept something as a challenge

Ex: She decided to take on the project , despite its complexity .
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to infer
to infer
[Verb]

to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

Ex: She infers the answer to the question by examining the available information .
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to emphasize

to give special attention or importance to something

Ex: His use of silence in the speech emphasized the gravity of the situation , leaving the audience in contemplative silence .
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impediment

anything that blocks or slows progress

Ex: Poor internet connectivity is an impediment to working from home effectively .
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to implement

to apply or utilize a device, tool, or method for a specific purpose

Ex: The researcher plans to implement a new experimental procedure to test the hypothesis .
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to obsess
to obsess
[Verb]

to think about something or someone all the time, in a way that makes one unable to think about other things

Ex: The detective could n't help but obsess over the unsolved case , constantly seeking new leads .
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constant
constant
[Adjective]

happening continuously without stopping for a long time

Ex: The constant changing of regulations made it challenging for businesses to adapt .
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to analyze

to examine or study something in detail in order to explain or understand it

Ex: To improve the website 's user experience , the team decided to analyze user behavior and feedback .
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to rank
to rank
[Verb]

to position someone or something on a scale based on importance, quality, etc.

Ex: The professor ranks the research papers according to their originality and depth of analysis .
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characteristic

a notable feature or quality that defines or describes something

Ex: Honesty is a characteristic that defines a good leader .
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dissonance

a state of disagreement between people's opinions, actions, or personalities, often resulting in tension

Ex: The dissonance between her cheerful tone and the grim news was unsettling .
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to applaud

to clap one's hands as a sign of approval

Ex: The crowd could n't help but applaud when the skilled chef presented the beautifully plated dish .
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to hand out

to provide abstract or intangible things, such as punishments, compliments, judgments, advice, etc., to someone

Ex: She handed her advice out freely to those in need of career guidance.
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target
target
[noun]

a goal that someone tries to achieve

Ex: She celebrated reaching her target weight after months of effort .
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aside from
aside from
[preposition]

used to indicate exclusion of a particular thing or person

Ex: She has no hobbies aside from reading .
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implementation

the act of accomplishing some aim or executing some order

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harsh
harsh
[Adjective]

cruel and unkind toward others

Ex: The harsh manner in which she addressed her employees created a toxic work environment .
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statistician

a person who collects, analyzes, and interprets numerical data

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to claim
to claim
[Verb]

to say that something is the case without providing proof for it

Ex: Right now , the marketing campaign is actively claiming the product to be the best in the market .
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degree of freedom

(statistics) an unrestricted variable in a frequency distribution

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data
data
[noun]

information or facts collected to be used for various purposes

Ex: The census collects demographic data to understand population trends .
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just about
just about
[Adverb]

to a very close amount or situation

Ex: After hours of searching , they were just about ready to give up when they found the lost keys .
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growth
growth
[noun]

the process of physical, mental, or emotional development

Ex: The city's population growth necessitated the construction of new schools and infrastructure.
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mindset
mindset
[noun]

a set of attitudes, beliefs, or a mental disposition that influences how a person interprets and responds to situations

Ex: Changing one 's mindset can have a profound impact on personal and professional development .
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to take root

become settled or established and stable in one's residence or life style

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intelligence

the ability to correctly utilize thought and reason, learn from experience, or to successfully adapt to the environment

Ex: He admired her intelligence and creativity during the debate .
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innate
innate
[Adjective]

(of a quality or skill) gained from the moment that one was born

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to supplant

to replace something, especially by force or through competition

Ex: The younger generation 's ideas can sometimes supplant the traditional norms in societal evolution .
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author
author
[noun]

someone who originates or causes or initiates something

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cognitive
cognitive
[Adjective]

referring to mental processes involved in understanding, thinking, and remembering

Ex: Problem-solving requires cognitive skills such as critical thinking and decision-making .
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capability

the ability or potential of doing something or achieving a certain goal

Ex: The athlete ’s capability to recover quickly after injury gave him a competitive edge .
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to hold
to hold
[Verb]

to have a specific opinion or belief about someone or something

Ex: The community holds great affection for their local hero .
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view
view
[noun]

a personal belief or judgment that is not based on proof or certainty

Ex: Students expressed their views on the topic .
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to quantify

to measure or express something as a number or amount

Ex: The economist will quantify the inflation rate using statistical methods .
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progressive
progressive
[Adjective]

supporting and encouraging positive change and advancement

Ex: He 's a progressive artist , pushing boundaries and challenging traditional norms through his work .
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thinker
thinker
[noun]

a person with strong intellectual abilities, often working in a field that requires deep thought and knowledge

Ex: As a philosopher , she is known as a profound thinker who explores existential questions .
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notion
notion
[noun]

a general concept or belief

Ex: The notion of fairness is often debated in legal contexts .
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inherent
inherent
[Adjective]

inseparable essential part or quality of someone or something that is in their nature

Ex: Freedom of speech is an inherent right that should be protected in a democratic society .
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destiny
destiny
[noun]

the events or situations that are predetermined or inevitable for a person, often believed to be controlled by a higher power

Ex: He embraced his destiny, ready for whatever lay ahead .
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educator
educator
[noun]

someone whose job is to teach people

Ex: The museum offers educational programs led by trained educators to engage visitors of all ages .
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to develop

to change and become stronger or more advanced

Ex: As the disease progresses , symptoms may develop in more severe forms .
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given
given
[preposition]

used to indicate that something is provided or accepted as a basis for a particular situation or argument

Ex: She made an impressive recovery , given the severity of her injury .
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relatively
relatively
[Adverb]

to a specific degree, particularly when compared to other similar things

Ex: His explanation was relatively clear , though still a bit confusing .
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motivational
motivational
[Adjective]

encouraging or inspiring action or behavior

Ex: Personal growth is often fueled by motivational quotes and affirmations .
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poster
poster
[noun]

a large printed picture or notice, typically used for advertising or decoration

Ex: The school principal announced a contest for students to design a poster promoting kindness , with the winning entry to be displayed in the hallways .
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sporting
sporting
[Adjective]

relating to or used in sports

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to coax
to coax
[Verb]

to persuade someone to do something by being kind and gentle, especially when they may be unwilling

Ex: The team leader tried to coax a quieter coworker into expressing their ideas during the meeting .
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to see
to see
[Verb]

to regard someone or something in a specific way

Ex: She sees herself as a leader who can inspire others .
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indication

something that serves to show, suggest, or point to a fact, condition, or situation

Ex: The survey results provide an indication of public opinion .
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educationalist

a specialist in the theory of education

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to note
to note
[Verb]

to mention something to make it stand out

Ex: The article noted several key trends in the industry .
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to base on

to develop something using certain facts, ideas, situations, etc.

Ex: They based their decision on the market research findings.
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effort
effort
[noun]

an attempt to do something, particularly something demanding

Ex: The rescue team made every effort to locate the missing hikers before nightfall .
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to instill

to gradually establish an idea, feeling, etc. in someone's mind

Ex: Cultural institutions aim to instill a sense of heritage and tradition in the community through events and educational programs .
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subsequently
subsequently
[Adverb]

as a result or logical outcome

Ex: The experiment proved ineffective ; subsequently, the team revised their approach .
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to replicate

to conduct an experiment or test again, often under the same conditions, in order to verify or confirm the results

Ex: After initial success , they replicated the test to ensure the findings were reliable .
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repeatedly
repeatedly
[Adverb]

in a manner that occurs multiple times

Ex: They practiced the dance routine repeatedly.
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null
null
[Adjective]

invalid or not legally recognized

Ex: Any changes to the policy would be null unless approved by the board .
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to cope
to cope
[Verb]

to handle a difficult situation and deal with it successfully

Ex: Couples may attend counseling sessions to cope with relationship difficulties and improve communication .
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intervention

an action, treatment, or manipulation that is introduced by researchers to test its effects on variables of interest

Ex: The intervention targeted at-risk youth and aimed to improve academic performance and reduce dropout rates .
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study
study
[noun]

a detailed and careful consideration and examination

Ex: The professor encouraged his students to participate in the study, emphasizing the importance of hands-on experience .
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to deserve

to do a particular thing or have the qualities needed for being punished or rewarded

Ex: Despite facing challenges , the dedicated student deserved the scholarship for academic excellence .
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landscape
landscape
[noun]

a broad or comprehensive mental perspective or view

Ex: The report provided a landscape of current technological trends .
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to revolt
to revolt
[Verb]

to strongly reject or oppose something

Ex: He revolted at the idea that intelligence is fixed from birth .
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to [be] lost on {sb}

to not be understood, noticed, or appreciated by someone, even though it was intended to be

Ex: His sarcasm was lost on the group.
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