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TOEFL のための上級語彙 - 職業生活と職業

ここでは、TOEFL 試験に必要な「召集」、「職人」、「石工」など、職業生活や職業に関する英単語を学びます。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
to adjourn
[動詞]

to stop a meeting, trial, or game in order to resume it sometime later

中断する, 休廷する

中断する, 休廷する

Ex: The conference adjourned for lunch and would reconvene in an hour .
to convene
[動詞]

to meet or bring together a group of people for an official meeting

集まる, 召集する

集まる, 召集する

Ex: The convenes every Monday morning to review the project progress .
arduous
[形容詞]

requiring a lot of mental effort and hard work

骨の折れる, 困難な

骨の折れる, 困難な

Ex: The research became arduous job .
collaborative
[形容詞]

involving or done by two or more parties working together toward a shared goal

共同の, 協力的な

共同の, 協力的な

grueling
[形容詞]

extremely tiring and demanding strenuous effort and perseverance

厳しい, 過酷な

厳しい, 過酷な

Ex: After grueling day of meetings , he could hardly keep his eyes open .
hectic
[形容詞]

extremely busy and chaotic

混雑した (こんざつした), 慌ただしい (あわただしい)

混雑した (こんざつした), 慌ただしい (あわただしい)

Ex: The last-minute changes made the event planning even hectic than usual .
intermittent
[形容詞]

repeatedly starting and stopping, in short, irregular intervals

断続的な, 不規則な

断続的な, 不規則な

Ex: His internet connection intermittent, making it difficult to stream videos without interruptions .
menial
[形容詞]

(of work) not requiring special skills, often considered unimportant and poorly paid

雑用の, 単純な

雑用の, 単純な

Ex: The company hires temporary workers menial tasks like filing and data entry .
painstaking
[形容詞]

requiring a lot of effort and time

丹念な, 骨の折れる

丹念な, 骨の折れる

Ex: Writing the report was painstaking process , involving thorough research and careful editing .
solitary
[形容詞]

performed alone, without the involvement or companionship of others

孤独な, 一人の

孤独な, 一人の

Ex: solitary meditation practice helped him find peace and clarity .
chartered
[形容詞]

(of a plane, ship, or boat) hired for a special purpose

チャーターされた, 貸切の

チャーターされた, 貸切の

artisan
[名詞]

a skilled craftsperson who creates objects partly or entirely by hand

職人 (しょくにん), アーティザン

職人 (しょくにん), アーティザン

Ex: An artisan created the stained glass windows in the church.
bailiff
[名詞]

an officer in a court of law whose responsibility is to keep order, watch prisoners, etc.

執行官 (しっこうかん), 裁判所の執行官 (さいばんしょのしっこうかん)

執行官 (しっこうかん), 裁判所の執行官 (さいばんしょのしっこうかん)

bursar
[名詞]

a person whose responsibility is to manage the finances of a school, college, or university

出納係(しゅつのうがかり), 財務担当者(ざいむたんとうしゃ)

出納係(しゅつのうがかり), 財務担当者(ざいむたんとうしゃ)

consul
[名詞]

an official appointed by a government to represent that government in a foreign city

領事(りょうじ), コンスル

領事(りょうじ), コンスル

Ex: consul arranges legal assistance for citizens in distress .
executioner
[名詞]

‌a person, especially an official, whose role or job is to kill convicted people as a means of punishment

執行人 (しっこうにん), 処刑人 (しょけいにん)

執行人 (しっこうにん), 処刑人 (しょけいにん)

Ex: executioner faced criticism and moral dilemmas regarding the ethical implications of their profession .
exterminator
[名詞]

a person whose profession is to kill certain types of animals or insects that are not wanted in a place

駆除業者 (くじょぎょうしゃ), 害虫駆除士 (がいちゅうくじょし)

駆除業者 (くじょぎょうしゃ), 害虫駆除士 (がいちゅうくじょし)

Ex: We had to schedule an appointment with exterminator after finding a nest of wasps near the garage .
headhunter
[名詞]

a person whose job is to find and approach skillful people that fit a specific job and persuade them to take a higher position

ヘッドハンター, 人材スカウト

ヘッドハンター, 人材スカウト

fundraiser
[名詞]

a person whose job or task is to collect money for a charity, cause, or an organization

ファンドレイザー, 資金調達者

ファンドレイザー, 資金調達者

handler
[名詞]

a person whose job is to train or coach someone important, especially an athlete

ハンドラー, トレーナー

ハンドラー, トレーナー

machinist
[名詞]

someone who operates a machine, especially an industrial one

機械工, マシニスト

機械工, マシニスト

Ex: machinists need a strong understanding of technology to operate advanced machinery .
mason
[名詞]

a skilled craftsman who works with stone, brick, or concrete to build structures such as walls, buildings, etc.

石工(いしく), レンガ職人(れんがしょくにん)

石工(いしく), レンガ職人(れんがしょくにん)

midwife
[名詞]

a person, particularly a woman, whose occupation is helping a woman during childbirth

助産婦 (じょさんぷ), 助産師 (じょさんし)

助産婦 (じょさんぷ), 助産師 (じょさんし)

mortician
[名詞]

someone who prepares dead bodies for burial or cremation and arranges funerals as their job

葬儀屋, 火葬業者

葬儀屋, 火葬業者

Ex: morticians undergo specialized training in mortuary science and obtain licensure to practice , adhering to strict ethical and legal standards in their profession .

(in the US) a person who works as the head of an urban police department

警察署長, 監督官

警察署長, 監督官

an executive officer whose rank is just below the rank of the president of a country and who can act in place of the president in certain cases to fulfill presidential duties

副大統領, 副社長

副大統領, 副社長

quorum
[名詞]

the minimum number of people that must be present for a meeting to officially begin or for decisions to be made

定足数(ていそくすう), クォーラム

定足数(ていそくすう), クォーラム

Ex: It 's important to achieve quorum during meetings to ensure that decisions are made with the input of a representative group of stakeholders .
guild
[名詞]

an association of people who work in the same industry or have similar goals or interests

ギルド, 組合

ギルド, 組合

demotion
[名詞]

a reduction in one's rank, position, or status, often as a form of punishment

降格(こうかく), 降任(こうにん)

降格(こうかく), 降任(こうにん)

workaholic
[名詞]

a person who works compulsively and finds it hard to stop working to do other things

ワーカホリック, 仕事中毒者

ワーカホリック, 仕事中毒者

Ex: His friends teased him for being workaholic, always prioritizing work over leisure .
TOEFL のための上級語彙
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