to strongly argue, disapprove, or disagree with someone or something
劝诫, 强烈反对
他目前正在与客服代表激烈争论产品质量差的问题。
the condition of being unprotected from harm, danger, or adverse conditions
暴露, 脆弱性
工人面临对危险化学品的暴露。
to give an explanation of something by talking about it in great detail
阐述, 详细说明
她花时间阐述了小说背后的历史背景。
a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop
悬崖
徒步旅行者小心翼翼地接近悬崖以避免坠落。
happening more quickly than normal circumstances, especially without required preparation
仓促的
仓促的公告让利益相关者感到意外，因为没有适当考虑替代方案。
being made or carried out in a hurrying way that lacked thoughtful consideration
仓促的, 草率的
股市暴跌被一些人视为过度反应或没有基本面支持的仓促回应。
relating to or based on theory or logical reasoning rather than practical experience or application
理论的, 抽象的
一个原子的理论模型使用假设而不是证据。
someone who formulates general principles to explain specific events or phenomena
理论家
这位心理学家作为理论家的开创性工作彻底改变了我们对人类行为和认知的理解。
to express various scenarios about something without necessarily basing it on evidence or facts
理论化, 推测
在聚会上，这群人为了好玩推测了一百年后社会可能的样子。
a statement that someone presents as a topic to be argued or examined
论文, 提议
在讨论中，约翰提出了论点，即技术对社会既有正面也有负面影响。
using statements that mean the opposite of what is stated, often to convey criticism or humor through an implied second meaning
讽刺的, 挖苦的
她对不一致的讽刺批评显示了对所涉问题的深刻理解。
a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect
讽刺
她用反语来批评这种情况的荒谬。
to study or collect plants in a scientific or systematic manner, often in their natural environments
植物学研究, 采集植物
他喜欢在沙漠中植物采集，寻找那些已经适应在干旱条件下生存的韧性植物物种。
the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.
植物学
他在植物学的研究集中在植物对气候变化的适应上。
to ask someone in an emotional or urgent way to do something
恳求, 哀求
当我正在恳求当局帮助我时，一位好心的陌生人主动伸出援手。
a request made with sincerity or desperation
恳求, 哀求
他无视了他们要求重新考虑决定的恳求。
referring to traits that are present from birth and are influenced by genetic inheritance, such as medical conditions or physical features
天生的, 遗传的
双胞胎研究表明，某些人格特质可能具有天生的遗传成分。
born or developed as a result of reproduction between closely related members within a group of animals, plants, or people
近亲繁殖的, 由于密切相关的成员之间的繁殖而产生或发展的
皇室坚持在其血统内通婚，导致了一段近亲繁殖君主的历史。
