剑桥英语：CPE（C2 熟练度） - 恐惧、焦虑与软弱

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to apprehend

[动词]

to expect something unpleasant or frightening to happen

担忧, 害怕

Ex: The soldier apprehended the battle , unsure of what awaited him on the front lines .士兵**预料**到战斗，不确定在前线等待他的是什么。

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apprehensive

[形容词]

nervous or worried that something unpleasant may happen

忧虑的, 不安的

Ex: The team was apprehensive about the new project 's challenging deadline .团队对具有挑战性的新项目截止日期感到**担忧**。

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to quail

[动词]

to experience or express the feeling of fear

颤抖, 害怕

Ex: The children quailed at the spooky tales told around the campfire.孩子们在篝火旁听到的恐怖故事时**畏缩了**。

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qualm

[名词]

a slight feeling of nausea or unease, often temporary

轻微的不适感, 暂时的恶心

Ex: Seeing blood often gives people qualms.看到血常常让人感到**不安**。

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perturbed

[形容词]

feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed by something

不安的, 困扰的

Ex: The dog became perturbed when strangers entered the house.当陌生人进入房子时，狗变得**不安**。

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jittery

[形容词]

having a nervous or restless energy

紧张的, 不安的

Ex: He felt jittery before meeting his new boss .

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timorous

[形容词]

lacking bravery and confidence

胆小的, 怯懦的

Ex: The timorous approach of the new team member made her interactions hesitant .新团队成员的**胆怯**方式使她的互动变得犹豫不决。

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on tenterhooks

[短语]

in a state of great anxiety, suspense, or excitement while waiting for something

Ex: The ongoing negotiation process has everyone on tenterhooks.

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tremulous

[形容词]

(of the voice or body) shaking in a slight, fragile manner, often due to nerves, fear, age or illness

颤抖的, 颤动的

Ex: She wrote a tremulous note apologizing for the misunderstanding .她写了一张**颤抖的**纸条，为误解道歉。

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trepidation

[名词]

a state of nervousness or fear, anticipating that something bad may occur

不安, 忧虑

Ex: The ominous clouds overhead filled the villagers with trepidation, fearing an impending storm .头顶上不祥的云层让村民们充满了**不安**，担心即将来临的暴风雨。

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wince

[名词]

an automatic physical reaction to sudden pain, often involving a slight flinch or tightening of the muscles

龇牙咧嘴, 畏缩

Ex: The loud bang triggered a startled wince from the child .响亮的爆炸声触发了孩子一个受惊的**抽搐**。

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fawning

[形容词]

trying to gain someone's approval or affection by giving them excessive praise or attention

阿谀奉承的, 谄媚的

Ex: He disliked the fawning tone of the interviewer's questions.他讨厌采访者问题的**谄媚**语气。

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obsequious

[形容词]

excessively flattering and obeying a person, particularly in order to gain their approval or favor

谄媚的, 奉承的

Ex: His obsequious praise of the manager was seen by his colleagues as a transparent attempt to get a promotion .他对经理的**谄媚**赞美被同事们视为试图获得晋升的明显尝试。

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servile

[形容词]

very keen to please and obey others

奴性的, 卑躬屈膝的

Ex: The servile manner in which he answered every command highlighted his fear of losing his position .他以**卑躬屈膝**的方式回应每一个命令，凸显了他害怕失去自己的位置。

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to cozy up

[动词]

to try to gain someone's favor or friendship by acting friendly or affectionate, often in an insincere way

巴结, 讨好

Ex: Reporters accused her of cozying up to powerful figures for personal gain.记者指责她为了个人利益而**亲近**有权势的人物。

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to fawn

[动词]

to show affection or admiration excessively, typically to gain favor or advantage

奉承, 讨好

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to curry favor

[短语]

to try to gain advantage by flattery or submissive behavior

Ex: The employee brought coffee for the entire team in an attempt to curry favor with colleagues.

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subservient

[形容词]

ready to obey others unquestioningly, especially those in authority

卑躬屈膝的, 顺从的

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unctuous

[形容词]

characterized by excessive ingratiation or flattery, often in a way that seems insincere or manipulative

油滑的, 谄媚的

Ex: His unctuous praise for his boss only reinforced the perception that he was a sycophant .他对老板的**谄媚**赞扬只会强化人们认为他是个马屁精的看法。

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to ingratiate

[动词]

to bring oneself into favor with someone by trying to please them

讨好, 巴结

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craven

[形容词]

not having even the smallest amount of courage

懦弱的, 胆小的

Ex: He was labeled craven after he backed out of the challenge at the last minute .他在最后一分钟退出挑战后被称为**懦夫**。

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pusillanimous

[形容词]

having a lack of courage or determination

胆小的, 懦弱的

Ex: The team grew frustrated with their pusillanimous teammate , who was always reluctant to take charge .团队对他们总是不愿承担责任的**懦弱**队友感到沮丧。

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dastardly

[形容词]

extremely cowardly in a way that is cruel, underhanded, or deserving of strong disapproval

卑劣的, 懦弱的

Ex: Spreading lies about her was a dastardly move .散布关于她的谎言是一个 **卑劣的** 举动。

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lily-livered

[形容词]

lacking courage or resolution

胆小的, 懦弱的

Ex: The group was frustrated with the lily-livered approach of their leader .该团体对他们领导人的**懦弱**方法感到沮丧。

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redoubtable

[形容词]

causing fear due to greatness or being impressive

令人敬畏的, 令人印象深刻的

Ex: Facing the redoubtable general, the enemy army quickly lost morale.面对**可畏的**将军，敌军迅速失去了士气。

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toady

[名词]

a person who behaves obsequiously to gain advantage from someone powerful

马屁精, 谄媚者

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slacker

[名词]

someone who avoids work or responsibility, especially by being lazy or trying to escape duties such as military service

懒汉, 逃避责任者

Ex: The army cracked down on slackers who tried to avoid service .军队镇压了试图逃避服役的**懒汉**。

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pique

[名词]

a brief, intense feeling of anger, irritation, or resentment

一阵愤怒, 一时之气

Ex: A look of pique crossed his face before he regained composure .在他恢复镇定之前，他的脸上掠过一丝**恼怒**的表情。

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to falter

[动词]

to become unsure, weak, or unsteady in purpose, confidence, or action

Ex: As the climb grew steeper , their determination began to falter.

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to vacillate

[动词]

to be undecided and not know what opinion, idea, or course of action to stick to

犹豫, 摇摆不定

Ex: He has been vacillating on whether to move to a new city or stay where he is .他一直在**犹豫**是否要搬到一个新城市还是留在原地。

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Achilles' heel

[短语]

a point of weakness or vulnerability

Ex: The food supply proved to be the nation's Achilles' heel in its defense against terrorist attacks.

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剑桥英语：CPE（C2 熟练度）

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