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cantankerous
[形容词]
difficult to get along with and easily angered
脾气暴躁的, 难相处的
Ex: They had to deal with the cantankerous client for weeks before the project was finished .在项目完成之前，他们不得不与**脾气暴躁的**客户打交道数周。
contumacious
[形容词]
openly defiant of rules, orders, or control
桀骜不驯的, 违抗的
Ex: The soldier 's contumacious behavior led to disciplinary action .士兵的**违抗**行为导致了纪律处分。
doctrinaire
[形容词]
rigidly attached to a theory or set of beliefs, ignoring whether they are practical or realistic
教条主义的, 僵化的
Ex: She defended the rule in a doctrinaire way , despite its flaws .尽管有缺陷，她还是以**教条**的方式捍卫了这条规则。
dogmatic
[形容词]
convinced that everything one believes in is true and others are wrong
教条的, 固执己见的
Ex: After years of experience , he had become less dogmatic and more open to others ' opinions .经过多年的经验，他变得不那么**教条**，更愿意接受别人的意见。
froward
[形容词]
difficult to deal with, stubbornly contrary, or disobedient
倔强的, 叛逆的
Ex: Ignoring repeated warnings about noise complaints, the froward tenant was eventually evicted from the apartment complex.无视关于噪音投诉的反复警告，**倔强的**租户最终被驱逐出了公寓大楼。
intransigence
[名词]
unwillingness to agree about something or change one's views
不妥协, 固执
Ex: The intransigence of the board members blocked the proposed reforms .**不妥协** 董事会成员阻止了拟议的改革。
intractable
[形容词]
difficult to manage, control, or resolve
难处理的, 倔强的
Ex: The intractable behavior of the wild animal made it unsafe for interaction with humans .野生动物**难以驾驭**的行为使其与人类的互动变得不安全。
obdurate
[形容词]
stubbornly refusing to change one's behavior or course, especially in doing wrong
固执的, 顽固的
dyed in the wool
[短语]
firmly and uncompromisingly committed to a belief, habit, or way of thinking
Ex: She's a dyed-in-the-wool romantic, always believing in true love.
perverse
[形容词]
inclined to act stubbornly and to hang on to what is wrong
反常的, 固执的
Ex: He took a perverse pleasure in contradicting every suggestion , regardless of its merit .他对反驳每一个建议感到一种**反常的**快乐，不管其价值如何。
| 剑桥英语：CPE（C2 熟练度） |
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