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剑桥英语:CPE(C2 熟练度) - 法律事务

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to attest
[动词]

to establish the truth of something by providing evidence or testimony

证明, 证实

证明, 证实

Ex: The manager attested to the employee 's punctuality .经理**证实**了员工的准时性。
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barrister
[名词]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

律师, 出庭律师

律师, 出庭律师

Ex: As a barrister, he is known for his sharp legal mind and eloquent courtroom presentations .作为一名**律师**,他以敏锐的法律头脑和雄辩的法庭陈述而闻名。
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codicil
[名词]

a legal document added to a will that changes, explains, or adds to its original terms

遗嘱附录, 遗嘱增补条款

遗嘱附录, 遗嘱增补条款

Ex: He signed a codicil leaving part of his estate to charity .他签署了一份**遗嘱附录**,将部分遗产留给慈善机构。
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complicity
[名词]

the act of participating in a crime or wrongdoing along with another person or group

共谋, 串通

共谋, 串通

Ex: The investigation uncovered the complicity of several officials in the bribery scandal .调查揭露了几名官员在贿赂丑闻中的**共谋**。
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concordat
[名词]

a formal agreement, particularly one between a certain country and the Roman Catholic Church

协定, 协议

协定, 协议

Ex: The concordat between the nation and the Catholic Church was finalized after lengthy discussions .国家与天主教会之间的**政教协定**在漫长的讨论后最终确定。
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to exculpate
[动词]

to clear someone's name of accusations and prove their innocence

证明无罪, 洗脱罪名

证明无罪, 洗脱罪名

Ex: He was exculpated by the new witness testimony that disproved the allegations .新的证人证词驳斥了指控,他因此被**无罪释放**。
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litigation
[名词]

the formal procedure of resolving disputes through the court system

诉讼, 司法程序

诉讼, 司法程序

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precept
[名词]

a guiding principle, intended to provide moral guidance or a basis for behavior

戒律, 指导原则

戒律, 指导原则

Ex: The legal precept " Innocent until proven guilty " reflects a foundational principle in many justice systems , emphasizing the presumption of innocence .法律**原则**“无罪直到被证明有罪”反映了许多司法体系中的一个基本原则,强调了无罪推定。
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to exonerate
[动词]

to clear someone from blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing or crime, often through evidence

证明无罪, 免除责任

证明无罪, 免除责任

Ex: She frequently exonerates employees based on verifiable evidence .她经常根据可验证的证据**免除**员工的罪责。
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illicit
[形容词]

against the law, especially criminal law

非法的, 违法的

非法的, 违法的

Ex: Authorities arrested several suspects involved in an illicit human smuggling operation .当局逮捕了几名参与**非法**人口走私活动的嫌疑人。
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impunity
[名词]

freedom from punishment, harm, or consequences despite wrongdoing

有罪不罚, 豁免

有罪不罚, 豁免

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malfeasance
[名词]

an illegal or unjust act committed by a person of high standing

渎职, 不法行为

渎职, 不法行为

Ex: She was fired after her involvement in malfeasance was exposed .她在参与**渎职**的行为被曝光后被解雇了。
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to ordain
[动词]

to officially order something using one's higher authority

命令, 颁布

命令, 颁布

Ex: The king will ordain a special ceremony to honor outstanding citizens for their contributions .国王将**下令**举行特别仪式,以表彰杰出公民的贡献。
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a controversial legal case, issue, or event that attracts widespread public attention and debate

Ex: The campaign against animal testing became a global cause célèbre.
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precedent
[名词]

a legal principle or rule created by a previous court decision, used as a guide in deciding similar future cases

先例, 判例

先例, 判例

Ex: Breaking from established precedent is rare in the judicial system .在司法系统中,偏离已确立的**先例**是罕见的。
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plea bargain
[名词]

an agreement in a criminal case where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge in exchange for the dismissal of a more serious one

认罪协议, 辩诉交易

认罪协议, 辩诉交易

Ex: Without a plea bargain, the trial could have lasted for months .没有**认罪协议**,审判可能持续数月。
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draconian
[形容词]

connected to Draco, the ancient Athenian lawmaker, or to his extremely harsh set of laws

德拉古式的, 与德拉古相关的

德拉古式的, 与德拉古相关的

Ex: Scholars debate the fairness of draconian measures in maintaining order .学者们辩论维持秩序中**严酷**措施的公平性。
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to indict
[动词]

to officially accuse a person of a crime

起诉, 控告

起诉, 控告

Ex: The investigators are currently indicting the suspect for money laundering .调查人员目前正在以洗钱罪**起诉**嫌疑人。
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infraction
[名词]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

违规,  犯罪

违规, 犯罪

Ex: The company has a zero-tolerance policy for infractions of its code of conduct , enforcing strict penalties for violations .公司对违反其行为准则的行为采取零容忍政策,对违规行为实施严格处罚。
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libel
[名词]

a written statement in a legal case, outlining the harmful statements made against someone and what they seek from the court

诽谤, 诋毁

诽谤, 诋毁

Ex: The plaintiff 's libel detailed how the defamatory statements had harmed their reputation in the community .原告的**诽谤**详细说明了诽谤性陈述如何损害了他们在社区中的声誉。
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plaintiff
[名词]

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

原告, 起诉人

原告, 起诉人

Ex: During the trial , the plaintiff testified about the impact of the defendant 's actions .在审判期间,**原告**就被告行为的影响作证。
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venial
[形容词]

not grave and thus capable of being pardoned or overlooked

可宽恕的, 轻微的

可宽恕的, 轻微的

Ex: Although the oversight was venial, it still required correction to maintain accuracy .尽管疏忽是**可宽恕的**,但仍需纠正以保持准确性。
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to vindicate
[动词]

to clear someone from blame or suspicion and prove their innocence

证明清白, 洗脱罪名

证明清白, 洗脱罪名

Ex: The judge 's ruling vindicated him , confirming his innocence beyond a doubt .法官的裁决**洗清**了他的罪名,毫无疑问地证实了他的清白。
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respite
[名词]

the postponement or cancellation of punishment, especially in a legal context

缓刑, 延期

缓刑, 延期

Ex: The king offered a respite as an act of mercy .国王提供**缓刑**作为仁慈的行为。
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affidavit
[名词]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

宣誓书, 书面证词

宣誓书, 书面证词

Ex: Falsifying information in an affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .在**宣誓书**中伪造信息可能导致严重的法律后果,包括伪证指控。
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alimony
[名词]

the money that is demanded by the court to be paid to an ex-spouse or ex-partner

赡养费, 抚养费

赡养费, 抚养费

Ex: The judge considered various factors in determining the amount of alimony to be paid .法官在确定应支付的**赡养费**金额时考虑了各种因素。
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acquittal
[名词]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

无罪释放, 宣告无罪

无罪释放, 宣告无罪

Ex: Following the acquittal, the defendant was released from custody and allowed to resume their normal life .**无罪释放**后,被告被从拘留中释放,并被允许恢复正常生活。
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amnesty
[名词]

an official pardon or release from punishment for a specific offense

大赦, 特赦

大赦, 特赦

Ex: The treaty included amnesty clauses for both sides .该条约包含了针对双方的**赦免**条款。
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arbiter
[名词]

a person appointed to judge or decide a disputed issue

Ex: The committee appointed an arbiter to settle the conflict between departments .
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to arbitrate
[动词]

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

仲裁, 调解

仲裁, 调解

Ex: The parents asked their older child to arbitrate the argument between their younger siblings .父母让他们的长子**仲裁**弟弟妹妹之间的争论。
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to arraign
[动词]

to formally request someone’s presence in court to answer for a serious crime

控告, 传讯

控告, 传讯

Ex: Authorities arraigned the defendant in front of the judge early this morning .当局今天清晨在法官面前**提审**了被告。
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to abet
[动词]

to assist or encourage someone to do something, particularly in committing a wrongdoing or crime

教唆, 协助

教唆, 协助

Ex: The accomplice abetted the thief in the robbery .同谋在抢劫中**教唆**了小偷。
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剑桥英语:CPE(C2 熟练度)
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