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雅思词汇(学术) - Psychology

在这里,你将学习一些关于心理学的英语单词,如“临床”、“精神分裂症”、“恒常性”等,这些都是雅思考试所需要的。

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Words for Academic IELTS
cognition
cognition
[名词]

the result of a mental processing or understanding

认知, 认识

认知, 认识

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clinical
clinical
[形容词]

relating to the observation, examination, and treatment of patients in a medical setting

临床的

临床的

Ex: The doctor made a clinical diagnosis based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. 
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developmental
developmental
[形容词]

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

发展的, 与发展有关的

发展的, 与发展有关的

Ex: The developmental stage of the project focuses on research and planning. 
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phobia
phobia
[名词]

an intense and irrational fear toward a specific thing such as an object, situation, concept, or animal

恐惧症, 非理性的恐惧

恐惧症, 非理性的恐惧

Ex: The phobia of dogs she developed after a childhood incident affects her ability to interact with pets. 
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hypothesis
hypothesis
[名词]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

假设, 推测

假设, 推测

Ex: The scientist developed a hypothesis to explain the observed phenomena. 
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placebo
placebo
[名词]

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

安慰剂, 安慰剂药物

安慰剂, 安慰剂药物

Ex: In the clinical trial, half of the participants received the experimental drug while the other half received a placebo. 
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schizophrenia

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

精神分裂症

精神分裂症

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psychological
psychological
[形容词]

connected with the scientific study of the human mind and its functions

心理的

心理的

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memory
memory
[名词]

the ability of mind to keep and remember past events, people, experiences, etc.

记忆, 回忆

记忆, 回忆

Ex: She relied on her memory to recall the lyrics to her favorite songs during karaoke night. 
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applied psychology

any branch of psychology that deals with finding practical solutions for human or animal behavioral problems

应用心理学, 实用心理学

应用心理学, 实用心理学

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stress
stress
[名词]

(psychology) a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense

压力, 紧张

压力, 紧张

Ex: Chronic stress can lead to anxiety or depression. 
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delusion
delusion
[名词]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

妄想,  幻觉

妄想, 幻觉

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suppression
suppression
[名词]

(psychology) the conscious act of holding a thought or feeling back

压抑, 抑制

压抑, 抑制

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behavior
behavior
[名词]

(psychology) the way a person or an animal acts in different situations or responds to stimuli

行为,  举止

行为, 举止

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constancy
constancy
[名词]

(psychology) the tendency to keep the same perception of an object despite changes in the stimuli

恒常性

恒常性

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extrovert
extrovert
[名词]

(psychology) a person that is preoccupied with external things and prefers social situations

外向的人, 喜欢社交场合的人

外向的人, 喜欢社交场合的人

Ex: As an extrovert, she thrives in social situations and enjoys meeting new people. 
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generalization

(psychology) the tendency to show an identical response to similar but distinct stimuli

泛化

泛化

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habit
habit
[名词]

(psychology) any regularly repeated pattern of behavior that is shown almost automatically in response to a specific situation

习惯, 自动行为

习惯, 自动行为

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image
image
[名词]

a mental perception resembling an external phenomenon

形象, 表象

形象, 表象

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introvert
introvert
[名词]

(psychology) a person who is preoccupied with their own thoughts and feelings rather than the external world

内向的人, 性格内向的人

内向的人, 性格内向的人

Ex: She is introvert and loves reading. 
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persona
persona
[名词]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

人格面具

人格面具

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process
process
[名词]

a mental operation or set of cognitive activities that manipulates, organizes, or interprets information

过程, 程序

过程, 程序

Ex: Problem-solving is a complex cognitive process. 
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ego
ego
[名词]

(psychology) the conscious part of the mind that mediates between the unconscious and the reality which gives one a sense of self

自我, 本我

自我, 本我

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superego
superego
[名词]

(psychology) the part of the mind that is only partly conscious, representing social norms learned from the parents

超我

超我

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id
id
[名词]

(psychology) the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of basic instincts and drives

本我, 本能冲动

本我, 本能冲动

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projection
projection
[名词]

(psychology) the unconscious process in which an individual associates their feelings, ideas or attitudes to someone else as a defense mechanism

投射, 投射机制

投射, 投射机制

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catharsis
catharsis
[名词]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

宣泄, 情感净化

宣泄, 情感净化

Ex: Writing in a journal can provide a sense of catharsis, allowing individuals to express and process their emotions. 
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turmoil
turmoil
[名词]

a state of extreme disturbance that causes a lot of worry and uncertainty

混乱, 动荡

混乱, 动荡

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