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雅思词汇(学术) - Psychology

在这里,你将学习一些关于心理学的英语单词,如“临床”、“精神分裂症”、“恒常性”等,这些都是雅思考试所需要的。

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Words for Academic IELTS
cognition
[名词]

the result of a mental processing or understanding

认知, 认识

认知, 认识

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clinical
[形容词]

relating to the observation, examination, and treatment of patients in a medical setting

临床的

临床的

Ex: Clinical psychologists offer therapy and counseling services to individuals experiencing mental health challenges.**临床**心理学家为经历心理健康挑战的个人提供治疗和咨询服务。
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developmental
[形容词]

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

发展的, 与发展有关的

发展的, 与发展有关的

Ex: Developmental opportunities within the company support employees ' career growth and skill enhancement .公司内部的**发展**机会支持员工的职业成长和技能提升。
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phobia
[名词]

an intense and irrational fear toward a specific thing such as an object, situation, concept, or animal

恐惧症, 非理性的恐惧

恐惧症, 非理性的恐惧

Ex: She has a phobia of spiders and feels extremely anxious whenever she sees one .她对蜘蛛有**恐惧症**,每当看到蜘蛛时都会感到极度焦虑。
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hypothesis
[名词]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

假设, 推测

假设, 推测

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their initial hypothesis.在分析数据后,他们要么证实要么反驳了他们最初的**假设**。
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placebo
[名词]

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

安慰剂, 安慰剂药物

安慰剂, 安慰剂药物

Ex: Placebo-controlled studies help researchers determine if the observed effects of a new treatment are due to the medication's pharmacological properties or psychological factors.**安慰剂**对照研究帮助研究人员确定新治疗观察到的效果是由于药物的药理特性还是心理因素。
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a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

精神分裂症

精神分裂症

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psychological
[形容词]

connected with the scientific study of the human mind and its functions

心理的

心理的

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memory
[名词]

the ability of mind to keep and remember past events, people, experiences, etc.

记忆, 回忆

记忆, 回忆

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease can affect memory and cognitive functions .阿尔茨海默病会影响**记忆**和认知功能。
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any branch of psychology that deals with finding practical solutions for human or animal behavioral problems

应用心理学, 实用心理学

应用心理学, 实用心理学

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stress
[名词]

(psychology) a mental state of worry caused by physical or emotional tension

压力

压力

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delusion
[名词]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

妄想,  幻觉

妄想, 幻觉

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suppression
[名词]

(psychology) the conscious act of holding a thought or feeling back

压抑, 抑制

压抑, 抑制

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behavior
[名词]

(psychology) the way a person or an animal acts in different situations or responds to stimuli

行为,  举止

行为, 举止

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constancy
[名词]

(psychology) the tendency to keep the same perception of an object despite changes in the stimuli

恒常性

恒常性

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extrovert
[名词]

(psychology) a person that is preoccupied with external things and prefers social situations

外向的人, 喜欢社交场合的人

外向的人, 喜欢社交场合的人

Ex: During the team-building retreat , the extrovert naturally took the lead in organizing group activities .在团队建设静修期间,**外向者**自然而然地承担了组织小组活动的领导作用。
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(psychology) the tendency to show an identical response to similar but distinct stimuli

泛化

泛化

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habit
[名词]

(psychology) any regularly repeated pattern of behavior that is shown almost automatically in response to a specific situation

习惯, 自动行为

习惯, 自动行为

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image
[名词]

a mental perception resembling an external phenomenon

形象, 表象

形象, 表象

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introvert
[名词]

(psychology) a person who is preoccupied with their own thoughts and feelings rather than the external world

内向的人, 性格内向的人

内向的人, 性格内向的人

Ex: Mary , a proud introvert, loves spending quiet evenings knitting .玛丽,一个骄傲的**内向者**,喜欢在安静的夜晚编织。
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persona
[名词]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

人格面具

人格面具

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process
[名词]

(psychology) any cognitive function that is involved in understanding and learning

过程, 机制

过程, 机制

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ego
[名词]

(psychology) the conscious part of the mind that mediates between the unconscious and the reality which gives one a sense of self

自我, 本我

自我, 本我

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superego
[名词]

(psychology) the part of the mind that is only partly conscious, representing social norms learned from the parents

超我

超我

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id
[名词]

(psychology) the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of basic instincts and drives

本我, 本能冲动

本我, 本能冲动

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projection
[名词]

(psychology) the unconscious process in which an individual associates their feelings, ideas or attitudes to someone else as a defense mechanism

投射, 投射机制

投射, 投射机制

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catharsis
[名词]

(psychology) the process of relieving a complex by bringing it to consciousness and directly addressing it

宣泄, 情感净化

宣泄, 情感净化

Ex: Participating in a support group can offer catharsis, as sharing personal stories with others who understand can be incredibly healing .参加支持小组可以提供**宣泄**,因为与理解的人分享个人故事可以非常治愈。
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turmoil
[名词]

a state of extreme disturbance that causes a lot of worry and uncertainty

混乱, 动荡

混乱, 动荡

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雅思词汇(学术)
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