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建筑和施工 - 与建筑和施工相关的名词

在这里,你将学习一些与建筑和施工相关的英语名词,如“设施”、“布局”和“财产”。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
engineering
[名词]

a field of study that deals with the building, designing, developing, etc. of structures, bridges, or machines

工程学

工程学

Ex: Engineering requires strong skills in mathematics and physics .**工程学**需要强大的数学和物理技能。
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plan
[名词]

a drawing of a building, city, etc. that shows its position, size, or shape in details

平面图, 设计图

平面图, 设计图

Ex: The urban development team worked on a plan of the downtown area to improve traffic flow .城市发展团队致力于市中心区域的**规划**以改善交通流量。
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facility
[名词]

a place or a building is designed and equipped for a specific function, such as healthcare, education, etc.

设施, 机构

设施, 机构

Ex: The school district built a new educational facility to accommodate growing enrollment .学区新建了一个教育**设施**以容纳不断增长的入学人数。
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infill
[名词]

the process of filling empty spaces in cities or neighborhoods within a built environment

填充, 城市致密化

填充, 城市致密化

Ex: Infill housing projects have become popular as they provide more affordable living options in densely populated cities .**填充式**住房项目因其在人口密集的城市提供更实惠的居住选择而变得流行。
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new build
[名词]

a newly constructed or soon-to-be-built house

新建, 新房子

新建, 新房子

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dilapidation
[名词]

(of a building, vehicle, or furniture) the state of being in poor condition or bad shape, particularly due to being old

破旧, 年久失修

破旧, 年久失修

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disrepair
[名词]

a damaged or broken state of a building or other structure, because it has not been taken care of

破败, 失修状态

破败, 失修状态

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eyesore
[名词]

something that has an extremely ugly appearance, particularly a building

眼中钉, 丑陋的建筑

眼中钉, 丑陋的建筑

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floor plan
[名词]

the design of a building that depicts the shape, size, and positioning of rooms and furniture in a structure from above.

平面图, 楼层平面图

平面图, 楼层平面图

Ex: The real estate agent gave us a copy of the floor plan to help us visualize the space .房地产经纪人给了我们一份**平面图**的副本,以帮助我们想象空间。
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inlay
[名词]

decorative patterns made of wood or metal, put into the surface of an object in a way that they level with the surface

镶嵌, 嵌花

镶嵌, 嵌花

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layout
[名词]

the specific way by which a building, book page, garden, etc. is arranged

布局, 版面设计

布局, 版面设计

Ex: The interior decorator considered the layout of the furniture in the living room , aiming for both functionality and aesthetics .室内设计师考虑了客厅家具的**布局**,旨在实现功能性和美观性。
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shell
[名词]

the external structure of a vehicle or building, particularly when the inside parts are severely damaged by fire, etc. or are still under construction

外壳, 骨架

外壳, 骨架

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hovel
[名词]

a small house that is in an extremely poor condition

棚屋, 陋室

棚屋, 陋室

Ex: After losing his job , he was forced to move from his comfortable apartment to a tiny hovel in a rundown part of town .失去工作后,他被迫从舒适的公寓搬到了城市破败地区的一个小**棚屋**。
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property
[名词]

a building or the piece of land surrounding it, owned by individuals, businesses, or entities

财产,  房地产

财产, 房地产

Ex: The deed and title documents confirm ownership of the property and its legal boundaries .契约和产权文件确认了**财产**的所有权及其法律边界。
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self-build
[名词]

a home that is constructed by its owner

自建, 业主自建的房屋

自建, 业主自建的房屋

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habitation
[名词]

a place of residence, such as a house, apartment, or any other type of shelter

住所, 居住地

住所, 居住地

Ex: The family 's habitation was warm and welcoming despite its small size .尽管面积不大,这个家庭的**住所**既温暖又温馨。
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place
[名词]

a home or living space someone regards as their own

家, 住所

家, 住所

Ex: He offered to let me stay at his place while I 'm in town .他提出让我在城里的时候住在他的**地方**。
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summer
[名词]

the horizontal beam or lintel that spans the opening of a fireplace or hearth, providing support for the masonry above and helping to direct the flow of smoke

壁炉横梁, 炉膛横梁

壁炉横梁, 炉膛横梁

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an approach in design and architecture where the parameters and relationships between various design elements are defined and controlled, allowing for efficient and flexible design iterations based on specific criteria or constraints

参数化设计, 参数设计

参数化设计, 参数设计

Ex: With parametric design, the designer was able to integrate advanced technology into the building 's form , ensuring it would meet both aesthetic and functional needs .通过**参数化设计**,设计师能够将先进技术融入建筑的形式中,确保它既能满足美学需求,又能满足功能需求。
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an architectural theory that emphasizes the importance of local context and cultural identity in design, seeking to create meaningful and responsive architecture that is rooted in its specific geographical, social, and cultural context

批判性地域主义, 批判性建筑地域主义

批判性地域主义, 批判性建筑地域主义

Ex: Many architects practice critical regionalism to create spaces that are both innovative and respectful of local traditions.许多建筑师实践**批判性地域主义**,以创造既创新又尊重当地传统的空间。
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landmark
[名词]

a structure or a place that is historically important

地标, 历史遗迹

地标, 历史遗迹

Ex: In Washington , D.C. , the Lincoln Memorial serves as both a tribute to President Lincoln and a powerful landmark of American history .在华盛顿特区,林肯纪念堂既是对林肯总统的致敬,也是美国历史上一个强大的**地标**。
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remains
[名词]

the parts of the objects and structures from ancient times that have survived destruction and been discovered

遗迹,  残余

遗迹, 残余

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ruin
[名词]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

废墟, 遗迹

废墟, 遗迹

Ex: The archaeological team discovered the ruins of an ancient city .考古队发现了一座古城的**废墟**。
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demolition
[名词]

the act or process of destroying or breaking apart a building or other structure

拆除, 破坏

拆除, 破坏

Ex: Demolition requires careful planning to avoid damaging nearby structures .**拆除**需要仔细规划以避免损坏附近的结构。
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the process or act of making a room or building look more attractive by repairing, redecorating or cleaning it

翻新, 装修

翻新, 装修

Ex: They hired a team of specialists for the refurbishment of the historic theater .他们聘请了一个专家团队来进行历史剧院的**翻新**。
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renovation
[名词]

the process or action of making a building or a piece of furniture look good again by repairing or painting it

翻新, 装修

翻新, 装修

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a social and architectural phenomenon that advocates for living in smaller, more efficient and environmentally conscious dwellings

小房子运动, 迷你屋运动

小房子运动, 迷你屋运动

Ex: The tiny-house movement has inspired a shift toward environmentally friendly homes that require fewer resources to build and maintain .**小房子运动**激发了向环保住宅的转变,这些住宅需要更少的资源来建造和维护。
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abuttal
[名词]

the act of two adjoining properties or structures sharing a common boundary or being adjacent to each other

邻接, 毗连

邻接, 毗连

Ex: The land in question is in abuttal with a public road .有问题的土地与公共道路**毗邻**。
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a distinctive arrangement of rectangular or parallelogram-shaped tiles or bricks that are laid in a zigzag or "V" shape to create a visually appealing and often symmetrical design

人字形图案, 鱼骨纹

人字形图案, 鱼骨纹

Ex: The tiles in the hallway were arranged in a herringbone pattern, making the space feel more dynamic .走廊的瓷砖以**人字形图案**排列,使空间感觉更加动态。
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weld
[名词]

a fusion or joining of two or more pieces of metal by heating them to a melting point and allowing them to cool, creating a solid and permanent bond

焊接, 焊接接头

焊接, 焊接接头

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firetrap
[名词]

a building that lacks fire safety measures and is dangerous if there is a fire

火灾陷阱, 缺乏消防安全措施且在火灾时危险的建筑物

火灾陷阱, 缺乏消防安全措施且在火灾时危险的建筑物

Ex: The abandoned warehouse had become a firetrap, with piles of old materials blocking all escape routes .废弃的仓库已经变成了一个**火灾陷阱**,成堆的旧材料堵住了所有的逃生路线。
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conduit
[名词]

a pipe, tube, or channel that is used to protect, enclose, or route electrical wires, cables, or other utilities for the purpose of safe and organized transmission

导管, 管道

导管, 管道

Ex: To prevent water ingress , the outdoor conduits were sealed with waterproof materials where they entered the building .
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bachelor pad
[名词]

a living space, typically an apartment or house, that is occupied by a single man and is designed or decorated in a manner that reflects his personal taste and lifestyle

单身公寓, 单身汉的窝

单身公寓, 单身汉的窝

Ex: After a long day at work , John liked to retreat to his bachelor pad, where he could relax and watch movies .在漫长的一天工作之后,约翰喜欢回到他的**单身公寓**,在那里他可以放松和看电影。
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