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C1级单词表 - Science

在这里,您将学习一些关于科学的英语单词,如“原子”、“密度”、“进化”等,为C1级学习者准备。

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
atomic
[形容词]

related to atoms, the smallest units of matter, including their structure, properties, and interactions

原子的

原子的

Ex: Atomic mass represents the average mass of an atom, taking into account its isotopes.**原子**质量代表了一个原子的平均质量,考虑到了它的同位素。
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nucleus
[名词]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

细胞核, 核

细胞核, 核

Ex: Mutations in genes within the nucleus can lead to genetic disorders and diseases , affecting the normal function of cells and tissues .细胞核内基因的突变可导致遗传性疾病和疾病,影响细胞和组织的正常功能。
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bond
[名词]

a link that holds atoms or ions together in any molecule or crystal

键, 联系

键, 联系

Ex: Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in the structure of DNA, contributing to its stability and the specificity of base pairing.氢**键**在DNA的结构中起着至关重要的作用,有助于其稳定性和碱基配对的特异性。
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charge
[名词]

the physical property in matter that causes it to experience a force in an electromagnetic field

电荷, 电电荷

电荷, 电电荷

Ex: An electron carries a negative charge, which determines its behavior in an electromagnetic field.电子带有负**电荷**,这决定了它在电磁场中的行为。
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density
[名词]

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

密度, 体积密度

密度, 体积密度

Ex: To determine the density of an object , you divide its mass by its volume .要确定物体的**密度**,您将其质量除以其体积。
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gravity
[名词]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

重力

重力

Ex: The strength of gravity on Earth 's surface is approximately 9.81 meters per second squared ( m / s² ) .
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particle
[名词]

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

粒子

粒子

Ex: Scientists study the movement and interactions of particles to understand the fundamental forces of nature .科学家研究**粒子**的运动和相互作用以理解自然界的基本力。
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property
[名词]

a feature or quality of something

属性, 特性

属性, 特性

Ex: Elasticity is a material property that measures its ability to return to its original shape after being deformed .**弹性**是衡量材料在变形后恢复其原始形状能力的**特性**。
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instinct
[名词]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

本能, 冲动

本能, 冲动

Ex: The swimmer 's instinct to hold her breath underwater helped her win the race .游泳者在水下屏住呼吸的**本能**帮助她赢得了比赛。
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metabolism
[名词]

the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use

新陈代谢, 代谢作用

新陈代谢, 代谢作用

Ex: Metabolism slows down with age, leading to changes in energy levels and body composition.**新陈代谢**随着年龄的增长而减慢,导致能量水平和身体成分的变化。
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evolutionary
[形容词]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

进化的

进化的

Ex: The evolutionary relationship between species can be inferred through comparative anatomy and DNA analysis .物种之间的**进化**关系可以通过比较解剖学和DNA分析来推断。
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organic
[形容词]

from or related to living things

有机的, 生物的

有机的, 生物的

Ex: Organic molecules like DNA and proteins are fundamental to the structure and function of living cells .像DNA和蛋白质这样的**有机**分子对活细胞的结构和功能至关重要。
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evolution
[名词]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

进化

进化

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.**进化**导致了我们今天在地球上看到的植物和动物的惊人多样性。
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genome
[名词]

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

基因组

基因组

Ex: Advances in genome editing technologies , like CRISPR , allow scientists to precisely modify the genetic material of organisms for research and therapeutic purposes .**基因组**编辑技术的进步,如CRISPR,使科学家能够精确修改生物体的遗传物质,用于研究和治疗目的。
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mutation
[名词]

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

突变, 遗传变化

突变, 遗传变化

Ex: Due to a mutation in his genes , the child was born with blue eyes , even though both parents had brown eyes .由于他的基因发生了**突变**,孩子出生时是蓝眼睛,尽管父母双方都是棕色眼睛。
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embryo
[名词]

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

胚胎, 胎儿

胚胎, 胎儿

Ex: Ethical debates often arise around the use of human embryos in stem cell research and medical treatments .关于在干细胞研究和医疗中使用人类**胚胎**的伦理辩论经常出现。
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hybrid
[名词]

an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

杂交种, 混种

杂交种, 混种

Ex: The vineyard owner introduced a new grape hybrid to his collection, which produced a unique flavor profile ideal for winemaking.葡萄园的主人将一种新的葡萄**杂交**品种引入他的收藏中,这种品种产生了理想的独特风味特征,非常适合酿酒。
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clone
[名词]

a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

克隆, 克隆技术

克隆, 克隆技术

Ex: By using a clone of the immune cells , the researchers aimed to develop a more effective treatment for the disease .通过使用免疫细胞的**克隆**,研究人员旨在开发一种更有效的疾病治疗方法。
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to reproduce
[动词]

(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself

繁殖, 生殖

繁殖, 生殖

Ex: Certain species reproduce asexually , without the need for a mate .某些物种无性**繁殖**,不需要配偶。
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stimulus
[名词]

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

刺激, 刺激物

刺激, 刺激物

Ex: Teachers often use interactive and engaging stimuli, like educational games or hands-on activities , to stimulate interest and enhance the learning experience in the classroom .教师经常使用互动和吸引人的**刺激物**,如教育游戏或实践活动,以激发兴趣并增强课堂学习体验。
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synthesis
[名词]

the act of producing a substance that exists in living beings

合成

合成

Ex: The synthesis of DNA during cell replication ensures that genetic information is accurately passed on to new cells .细胞复制过程中DNA的**合成**确保了遗传信息准确传递给新细胞。
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to increase the velocity of something

加速, 提高...的速度

加速, 提高...的速度

Ex: In a cyclotron , charged particles are accelerated by alternating electric fields .在回旋加速器中,带电粒子被交变电场**加速**。
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to dissolve
[动词]

(of a solid) to become one with a liquid

溶解, 融化

溶解, 融化

Ex: The detergent will dissolve in the washing machine , cleaning the clothes .洗涤剂将在洗衣机中**溶解**,清洁衣服。
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acid
[名词]

a water-soluble chemical substance that contains Hydrogen and has a sour taste or corrosive feature with a PH less than 7

酸, 酸性物质

酸, 酸性物质

Ex: When dissolved in water, carbonic acid forms from carbon dioxide, contributing to the acidity of rainwater.当溶于水时,二氧化碳形成**酸**,增加了雨水的酸度。
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aluminum
[名词]

a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts

铝, 铝

铝, 铝

Ex: The bicycle frame is made from aluminum, making it easier to carry and maneuver compared to traditional steel frames .自行车车架由**铝**制成,与传统钢架相比更易于携带和操控。
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copper
[名词]

a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

铜, 红色金属

铜, 红色金属

Ex: In telecommunications , copper cables are still widely used for transmitting data over short distances .在电信领域,**铜**缆仍被广泛用于短距离数据传输。
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lead
[名词]

a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past

铅, 重金属

铅, 重金属

Ex: The plumber replaced the corroded lead pipes with modern alternatives to ensure the safety of the drinking water supply .水管工更换了腐蚀的**铅**管,采用现代替代品以确保饮用水供应的安全。
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conductor
[名词]

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

导体, 导电体

导体, 导电体

Ex: Aluminum is widely used as a conductor in power transmission lines due to its lightweight and good conductivity .**铝**因其重量轻和良好的导电性而被广泛用作电力传输线路中的**导体**。
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crystal
[名词]

a substance of small size and equal sides, formed naturally when turns to solid

晶体, 晶体群

晶体, 晶体群

Ex: Sugar crystals are used in baking and candy-making , forming when a sugar solution cools and solidifies .糖**晶体**用于烘焙和糖果制作,当糖溶液冷却并固化时形成。
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gunpowder
[名词]

a type of powder that is explosive, used in making bullets, bombs, etc.

火药, 黑火药

火药, 黑火药

Ex: Historically , gunpowder was used in early rocket propulsion experiments before the development of modern solid and liquid fuels .历史上,在现代固体和液体燃料发展之前,**火药**被用于早期的火箭推进实验。
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dynamite
[名词]

an explosive that is very powerful

炸药, 一种非常强大的爆炸物

炸药, 一种非常强大的爆炸物

Ex: Dynamite is carefully regulated and handled due to its explosive nature and potential hazards.**炸药**由于其爆炸性和潜在危险而受到严格监管和处理。
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composition
[名词]

the different elements that form something or the arrangement of these elements

组成, 构成

组成, 构成

Ex: Analyzing the composition of soil helps farmers determine its fertility and nutrient content for optimal crop growth .分析土壤的**成分**有助于农民确定其肥力和养分含量,以实现作物的最佳生长。
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to emit
[动词]

to release heat, light, sound, radiation, etc.

发出, 释放

发出, 释放

Ex: The ultrasonic cleaner emits high-frequency sound waves to agitate and remove dirt from surfaces .超声波清洁器**发出**高频声波以搅动并去除表面的污垢。
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ray
[名词]

a narrow beam of light, heat, or other form of energy

光线, 光束

光线, 光束

Ex: Heat rays from the fire warmed their hands as they gathered around the campfire.当他们围坐在篝火旁时,火焰的**光线**温暖了他们的手。
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laser
[名词]

a device that produces a powerful and concentrated beam of light that can be used in medical procedures, for cutting metal objects, etc.

激光, 激光束

激光, 激光束

Ex: The barcode scanner at the checkout counter uses a laser to read and process information quickly .收银台的条形码扫描器使用**激光**快速读取和处理信息。
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magnet
[名词]

an object that produces an invisible field capable of attracting certain metals without physical contact

磁铁, 磁性的

磁铁, 磁性的

Ex: My book report is on the man who first figured out how to use magnets to help ships navigate the ocean long ago .我的读书报告是关于很久以前第一个想出如何使用**磁铁**来帮助船只在海洋中航行的人。
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thermal
[形容词]

related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat

热的, 热量的

热的, 热量的

Ex: Thermal imaging cameras detect infrared radiation emitted by objects to visualize temperature variations .**热成像**相机检测物体发出的红外辐射以可视化温度变化。
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to compress
[动词]

to press two things together or be pressed together to become smaller

压缩, 压紧

压缩, 压紧

Ex: The mechanic compressed the brake pads and rotor together for proper alignment .机械师将刹车片和转子**压缩**在一起以进行正确对齐。
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generator
[名词]

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

发电机, 交流发电机

发电机, 交流发电机

Ex: Portable generators are useful during camping trips or emergencies to provide temporary electrical power .便携式**发电机**在露营旅行或紧急情况下提供临时电力很有用。
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to evaporate
[动词]

to become gas or vapor from liquid

蒸发, 汽化

蒸发, 汽化

Ex: By the end of the day , the rainwater will have evaporated from the sidewalks .到一天结束时,雨水将从人行道上**蒸发**。
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vacuum
[名词]

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

真空, 虚空

真空, 虚空

Ex: The vacuum of space is characterized by extremely low pressure and the absence of atmosphere .太空的**真空**以极低的压力和没有大气为特征。
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infinite
[形容词]

without end or limits in extent, amount, or space

无限的, 无边的

无限的, 无边的

Ex: His infinite kindness towards everyone he met made him beloved by all .他对遇到的每个人的**无限**善意使他受到所有人的爱戴。
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residue
[名词]

a small remaining amount or part of a thing after it has been taken, used, etc.

残留物, 残余

残留物, 残余

Ex: Burnt residue from the campfire clung to their clothes after a night of roasting marshmallows .烤棉花糖一晚后,篝火的烧焦**残留物**粘在了他们的衣服上。
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C1级单词表
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