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C1级单词表 - 建筑与施工

在这里,您将学习一些关于建筑物和建筑的英语单词,例如“内部”,“组装”,“腐烂”等,为C1级学习者准备。

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CEFR C1 Vocabulary
adjacent
adjacent
[形容词]

situated next to or near something

相邻的, 邻近的

相邻的, 邻近的

Ex: The bookstore is located in the shopping mall adjacent to the coffee shop. 

书店位于咖啡店相邻的购物中心。

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architectural
architectural
[形容词]

relating to the study or art of constructing or designing a building

建筑的,  建筑学的

建筑的, 建筑学的

Ex: The architectural firm won an award for its innovative design of the new museum building. 

该建筑公司因其新博物馆建筑的创新设计而获奖。

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interior
interior
[形容词]

located on the inside part of a particular thing

内部的, 室内的

内部的, 室内的

Ex: They inspected the interior compartments of the suitcase before packing. 
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exterior
exterior
[形容词]

located on the outer surface of a particular thing

外部的

外部的

Ex: The building’s exterior surfaces are designed to withstand extreme weather. 

建筑物的外部表面设计用于承受极端天气。

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insulated
insulated
[形容词]

covered with a substance that does not let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through it

绝缘的, 隔热的

绝缘的, 隔热的

Ex: The insulated windows prevented heat from escaping during the winter months, reducing energy costs. 
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municipal
municipal
[形容词]

involving or belonging to the government of a city, town, etc.

市政的, 市政府的

市政的, 市政府的

Ex: Municipal parks provide green spaces for residents to enjoy outdoor recreational activities. 
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residential
residential
[形容词]

(of an area with buildings) designed specially for people to live in

住宅的,  居住的

住宅的, 居住的

Ex: The residential neighborhood is characterized by tree-lined streets and single-family homes. 

住宅区的特点是绿树成荫的街道和独户住宅。

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godforsaken
godforsaken
[形容词]

(of a place) remote and without any appealing or interesting qualities

荒凉的, 被遗弃的

荒凉的, 被遗弃的

Ex: The cabin was in the middle of a godforsaken desert with no cell service. 
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suburban
suburban
[形容词]

characteristic of or relating to a residential area outside a city or town

郊区的, 城郊的

郊区的, 城郊的

Ex: Many families prefer suburban living for its sense of community and access to amenities. 
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vacant
vacant
[形容词]

(of a house, room, seat, etc.) empty or unoccupied and available to be used

空置的, 无人占用的

空置的, 无人占用的

Ex: He found a vacant spot on the beach to lay his towel. 
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to assemble
to assemble
[动词]

to make something by fitting its separate parts together

组装, 装配

组装, 装配

Ex: Workers assemble the bicycles at a factory outside the city. 
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to decay
to decay
[动词]

to gradually become damaged or fall into a worse physical condition

衰败,  腐朽

衰败, 腐朽

Ex: The abandoned house decayed rapidly after the roof collapsed. 
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to demolish
to demolish
[动词]

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

拆除, 摧毁

拆除, 摧毁

Ex: The wrecking ball was used to demolish the abandoned building. 

拆毁球被用来拆除废弃的建筑物。

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to erect
to erect
[动词]

to build, construct, or put up a structure

建造,  竖立

建造, 竖立

Ex: The city plans to erect a monument in the park. 
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to refurbish
to refurbish
[动词]

to make a room or building look more attractive by repairing, redecorating, or cleaning it

翻新, 装修

翻新, 装修

Ex: The hotel was refurbished with modern furniture and decor. 

酒店用现代家具和装饰翻新了。

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to renovate
to renovate
[动词]

to make a building or a place look good again by repairing or painting it

翻新, 装修

翻新, 装修

Ex: She hired a contractor to renovate the outdated bathroom, replacing the fixtures and tiles. 

她雇了一个承包商来翻新过时的浴室,更换了固定装置和瓷砖。

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bungalow
bungalow
[名词]

a one-story construction without stairs, usually with a low roof

平房, 单层小屋

平房, 单层小屋

Ex: The couple decided to downsize and move into a cozy bungalow in the countryside. 

这对夫妇决定缩小规模,搬进乡村一个舒适的平房。

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court
court
[名词]

an area surrounded by walls or buildings, often part of a large house

庭院, 内院

庭院, 内院

Ex: The opulent palace featured an expansive inner court, complete with marble statues and intricately designed pavilions, offering a lavish setting for royal receptions and ceremonies. 
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dome
dome
[名词]

a building's roof that is rounded

圆顶, 穹顶

圆顶, 穹顶

Ex: The planetarium's dome provided a stunning backdrop for the immersive celestial show. 

天文馆的圆顶为沉浸式天体表演提供了令人惊叹的背景。

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sauna
sauna
[名词]

a small room that is often heated with steam and has wooden walls, where people sit for relaxation or health benefits

桑拿, 蒸汽浴室

桑拿, 蒸汽浴室

Ex: The spa's luxurious sauna was equipped with heated cedar benches and aromatic steam. 

豪华水疗中心配备了带有加热雪松长凳和芳香蒸汽的桑拿浴室。

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igloo
igloo
[名词]

a house or shelter in the shape of a dome that is built from blocks of ice or hard snow

冰屋, 雪屋

冰屋, 雪屋

Ex: Explorers often rely on igloos as temporary shelters during their polar expeditions due to their insulating properties. 

探险家们在极地探险期间经常依赖冰屋作为临时避难所,因为它们具有隔热性能。

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high-rise
high-rise
[名词]

a very tall building with many floors

摩天大楼, 高楼

摩天大楼, 高楼

Ex: She worked on the top floor of a high-rise, enjoying panoramic views of the city below. 
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lighthouse
lighthouse
[名词]

a large structure, such as a tower, placed near the coast and equipped with a powerful light that guides or warns the approaching ships

灯塔, 灯台

灯塔, 灯台

Ex: Standing tall on the rocky coastline, the lighthouse served as a beacon of hope for sailors. 

矗立在岩石海岸线上的灯塔,是水手们希望的灯塔。

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pier
pier
[名词]

a long platform built from the shore into the sea that people can go for entertainment or a walk

码头, 长堤

码头, 长堤

Ex: At the end of the pier, fishermen cast their lines into the sparkling waters in hopes of catching dinner. 
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premises
premises
[名词]

the building and its surrounding land owned or used by a business

场所, 建筑物

场所, 建筑物

Ex: Visitors were required to sign in at the reception desk before entering the premises. 
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arch
arch
[名词]

a curved structure supported at both sides that spans an opening and often supports weight above it

拱,  拱门

拱, 拱门

Ex: Emma walked beneath a series of ancient arches. 
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beam
beam
[名词]

a long, thick piece of wood, metal, or concrete used to support weight in a building or structure

梁,  横梁

梁, 横梁

Ex: Workers lifted the steel beam into position. 
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cement
cement
[名词]

a gray powdery substance that becomes hard if it is mixed with water and sand, used for construction purposes such as sticking bricks of a wall together

水泥

水泥

Ex: The sidewalks were cracked and uneven, in need of repair and fresh cement. 

人行道开裂且不平整,需要修理和新鲜的水泥。

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tile
tile
[名词]

a flat piece of ceramic, stone, plastic, or similar material used to cover floors or walls

瓷砖,  瓦

瓷砖, 瓦

Ex: One of the kitchen floor tiles was cracked. 
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marble
marble
[名词]

a hard metamorphic rock that can be polished and is used especially in buildings and sculpture

大理石,  大理石

大理石, 大理石

Ex: Emma chose marble for the kitchen countertops. 
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crane
crane
[名词]

a very large tall machine used for lifting heavy objects

起重机, 吊车

起重机, 吊车

Ex: A massive crane loomed over the shipyard, hoisting cargo containers onto waiting vessels. 

一台巨大的起重机耸立在造船厂上空,将货物集装箱吊到等待的船只上。

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escalator
escalator
[名词]

a staircase that moves and takes people up or down different levels easily, often found in large buildings like airports, department stores, etc.

自动扶梯, 电动扶梯

自动扶梯, 电动扶梯

Ex: The department store installed a new escalator to improve accessibility between floors for shoppers. 

百货公司安装了一部新的自动扶梯,以提高购物者在楼层之间的可达性。

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addition
addition
[名词]

a new room added to a building

扩建, 附加部分

扩建, 附加部分

Ex: The contractor estimated the cost of the home addition, factoring in materials, labor, and permits. 
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flooring
flooring
[名词]

the materials that make up the floor of a building or room

地板, 地面材料

地板, 地面材料

Ex: The interior designer selected eco-friendly bamboo flooring for the sustainable office renovation project. 

室内设计师为可持续办公室装修项目选择了环保的竹地板。

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foundation
foundation
[名词]

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

地基, 基础

地基, 基础

Ex: The architect designed the house with a raised foundation to mitigate the risk of flooding in the coastal area. 
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layout
layout
[名词]

the way in which the parts of something are arranged or positioned

布局,  安排

布局, 安排

Ex: The website has a simple and attractive layout. 
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embassy
embassy
[名词]

the building where an ambassador and diplomatic staff work in a foreign country

大使馆,  使馆

大使馆, 使馆

Ex: Sarah went to the embassy to apply for a visa. 
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plumbing
plumbing
[名词]

the system of pipes for the distribution of water in a building

管道系统, 水管系统

管道系统, 水管系统

Ex: The plumber installed new fixtures as part of the plumbing renovation in the bathroom. 
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chalet
chalet
[名词]

a wooden house with a steep sloping roof, often found in mountainous areas in Switzerland

木屋

木屋

Ex: The chalet nestled among the pine trees offered stunning views of the snow-capped mountains. 

坐落在松树间的木屋提供了白雪覆盖山脉的壮丽景色。

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windowpane
windowpane
[名词]

a single piece of glass in a window

窗玻璃, 玻璃窗格

窗玻璃, 玻璃窗格

Ex: He carefully cleaned each windowpane to ensure a crystal-clear view of the garden. 

他仔细清洁了每一块窗玻璃,以确保花园的景色清晰可见。

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lobby
lobby
[名词]

a large area just inside the main entrance of a public building

Ex: Several guests were chatting in the lobby after breakfast. 
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thatched
thatched
[形容词]

(of a house or building) having a roof made of dried straw, leaves etc.

茅草的, 有茅草屋顶的

茅草的, 有茅草屋顶的

Ex: The thatched roof of the old farmhouse added to its rustic appeal. 
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shovel-ready
shovel-ready
[形容词]

(of a construction project) prepared for the building stage to begin

准备就绪可以开工的, 为施工阶段做好准备的

准备就绪可以开工的, 为施工阶段做好准备的

Ex: Investors were eager to fund shovel-ready projects that promised quick returns on investment. 
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to desecrate
to desecrate
[动词]

to treat something valuable inconsiderately, in a way that affects it badly

亵渎, 玷污

亵渎, 玷污

Ex: Ruinous new road schemes that desecrate the countryside. 
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