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Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Matematika at Pagsukat

Dito ay matututuhan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa matematika at pagsukat, tulad ng "amp", "hertz", "horsepower", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
watt
watt
[Pangngalan]

the standard unit for measuring electrical power corresponding to the rate of energy consumption in an electric circuit, equal to one joule per second

watt, watt

watt, watt

volt
volt
[Pangngalan]

the standard unit of electromotive force, which measures the strength of an electrical current that is sent around an electrical system

volt, boltahe

volt, boltahe

rpm
rpm
[Pangngalan]

a unit for measuring the speed of an engine, a computer hard drive, etc.

pag-ikot bawat minuto, rpm

pag-ikot bawat minuto, rpm

karat
karat
[Pangngalan]

a unit to measure the purity of gold, the purest gold being 24 karats

karat, yunit upang sukatin ang kadalisayan ng ginto

karat, yunit upang sukatin ang kadalisayan ng ginto

Ex: The appraisal for the vintage watch noted that its case was crafted from 10 karat gold , indicating a gold content of just over 40 % .Ang pagtatasa para sa vintage watch ay nabanggit na ang case nito ay gawa sa **10 karat** na ginto, na nagpapahiwatig ng gold content na higit sa 40%.
fluid ounce
fluid ounce
[Pangngalan]

a unit of volume used in the United States to measure liquids, equal to approximately 29.5735 milliliters

likidong onsa, fluid onsa

likidong onsa, fluid onsa

hertz
hertz
[Pangngalan]

a unit that is used in measurement of the frequency of sound and radio waves

hertz

hertz

horsepower
horsepower
[Pangngalan]

a unit for measuring an engine's power

kabalyong lakas, HP

kabalyong lakas, HP

Ex: The horsepower of an engine affects its acceleration and towing capacity , influencing vehicle performance and utility .Ang **horsepower** ng isang engine ay nakakaapekto sa acceleration at towing capacity nito, na nakakaimpluwensya sa performance at utility ng sasakyan.
pint
pint
[Pangngalan]

a measure equal to 16 fluid ounces, often used for measuring liquids such as beer or milk

pinta, baso ng serbesa

pinta, baso ng serbesa

Ex: She bought a pint of chocolate milk for her afternoon snack .Bumili siya ng isang **pint** ng chocolate milk para sa kanyang meryenda sa hapon.
cube
cube
[Pangngalan]

the result of multiplying a number by itself three times

square
square
[Pangngalan]

the second exponent of any given number produced when multiplied by itself

parisukat, ikalawang kapangyarihan

parisukat, ikalawang kapangyarihan

square root
square root
[Pangngalan]

a number that produces a particular number when multiplied by itself

square root, ugat

square root, ugat

variable
variable
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) a quantity that is capable of assuming different values in a calculation

variable

variable

Ex: In statistical analysis , variables can be classified as independent or dependent , depending on their role in the study .Sa statistical analysis, ang mga **variable** ay maaaring uriin bilang independent o dependent, depende sa kanilang papel sa pag-aaral.
tape measure
tape measure
[Pangngalan]

a flexible measuring tool consisting of a long strip of metal, cloth, or plastic with measurement markings, used to measure lengths and distances accurately

metro, panukat

metro, panukat

Ex: The surveyor used a laser tape measure for accurate distance measurements in the field .Gumamit ang surveyor ng **laser tape measure** para sa tumpak na pagsukat ng distansya sa field.
array
array
[Pangngalan]

a group of numbers, mathematical symbols or values, arranged in columns and rows

hanay, matris

hanay, matris

Ex: The matrix is a special type of numerical array in mathematics .Ang matrix ay isang espesyal na uri ng numerical na **array** sa matematika.
axis
axis
[Pangngalan]

the central point or line around which an object turns

Ex: The sculpture slowly revolved on its central axis.
calculus
calculus
[Pangngalan]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

kalkulo, pagsusuri

kalkulo, pagsusuri

Ex: Differential equations are a key topic within calculus.Ang mga differential equation ay isang pangunahing paksa sa loob ng **calculus**.
denominator
denominator
[Pangngalan]

the number below the line in a fraction that shows how many parts the numerator divides into

denominador, pamahagi

denominador, pamahagi

numerator
numerator
[Pangngalan]

Fractional number above the line

numerator, numero sa itaas ng linya

numerator, numero sa itaas ng linya

common denominator
common denominator
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) a number divisible by all the numbers that are below the line in a set of fractions

karaniwang denominador, pangkaraniwang denominador

karaniwang denominador, pangkaraniwang denominador

chaos theory
chaos theory
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) an interdisciplinary theory about complex systems that obey particular laws but appear to have little or no order

teorya ng kaguluhan, ang teorya ng kaguluhan

teorya ng kaguluhan, ang teorya ng kaguluhan

Ex: Chaos theory is used to analyze complex systems like ecosystems and population dynamics .Ang **teorya ng kaguluhan** ay ginagamit upang suriin ang mga kumplikadong sistema tulad ng mga ecosystem at dynamics ng populasyon.
game theory
game theory
[Pangngalan]

a branch of mathematics that studies the strategies of dealing with competitive situations involving conflict of interests, especially in business, war, etc.

teorya ng laro, teorya ng mga laro

teorya ng laro, teorya ng mga laro

Ex: Economists apply game theory to predict market behavior .Inilalapat ng mga ekonomista ang **teorya ng laro** upang mahulaan ang pag-uugali ng merkado.
coordinate
coordinate
[Pangngalan]

any set of numbers that represents an exact position on a map or graph

koordinado, heograpikong koordinado

koordinado, heograpikong koordinado

Ex: The drone was programmed to fly to specific coordinates.Ang drone ay na-program upang lumipad sa mga tiyak na **koordinado**.
gradient
gradient
[Pangngalan]

the rate at which a quantity or dimension changes over a given distance or interval

gradient, dalisdis

gradient, dalisdis

Ex: The gradient of the city 's elevation was marked on the map .Ang **gradient** ng elevation ng lungsod ay minarkahan sa mapa.
prime number
prime number
[Pangngalan]

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

pangunahing numero

pangunahing numero

Ex: The largest known prime number ( as of 2023 ) has over 24 million digits .Ang pinakamalaking kilalang **prime number** (noong 2023) ay may higit sa 24 milyong digit.
cardinal number
cardinal number
[Pangngalan]

a number indicating the quantity and not order

bilang na kardinal, numerong kardinal

bilang na kardinal, numerong kardinal

irrational number
irrational number
[Pangngalan]

a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

hindi makatuwirang bilang, bilang na hindi maipahayag bilang ratio

hindi makatuwirang bilang, bilang na hindi maipahayag bilang ratio

Ex: The square root of 3 is an irrational number because it can not be written as a fraction .Ang square root ng 3 ay isang **irrational number** dahil hindi ito maaaring isulat bilang isang fraction.
rational number
rational number
[Pangngalan]

a number that can be written as a fraction, where both the top and bottom are whole numbers, and the bottom is not zero

rational na numero, rational na fraction

rational na numero, rational na fraction

Ex: 7/8 is a rational number because it can be expressed as the fraction of two integers .Ang 7/8 ay isang **rational number** dahil maaari itong ipahayag bilang isang fraction ng dalawang integers.
mean
mean
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

mean, arithmetic mean

mean, arithmetic mean

Ex: The mean of the test results was used to assess overall student achievement .Ang **mean** ng mga resulta ng pagsusulit ay ginamit upang masuri ang pangkalahatang tagumpay ng mag-aaral.
perimeter
perimeter
[Pangngalan]

the total length of the external boundary of something

perimetro

perimetro

Ex: The science project required students to build a model volcano and measure the perimeter of its base for stability analysis .Ang proyektong pang-agham ay nangangailangan ng mga mag-aaral na bumuo ng isang modelo ng bulkan at sukatin ang **perimeter** ng base nito para sa pagsusuri ng katatagan.
tangent
tangent
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side of a triangle that has one angle of 90°

tangent, ang tangent

tangent, ang tangent

Ex: When the sun is setting , you can use the tangent to figure out the angle the sun makes with the horizon .Kapag lumulubog ang araw, maaari mong gamitin ang **tangent** upang malaman ang anggulo na ginagawa ng araw sa abot-tanaw.
sine
sine
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the ratio of the length of the side opposite the given angle to the length of the hypotenuse

sine

sine

cosine
cosine
[Pangngalan]

(mathematics) the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse

cosine, cosine

cosine, cosine

cotangent
cotangent
[Pangngalan]

the ratio of the side adjacent to a particular acute angle to the side opposite the angle, in a right-angled triangle

kotangent

kotangent

foot per second
foot per second
[Pangngalan]

a unit of measurement used to determine the speed or velocity of something

paa bawat segundo, paa/segundo

paa bawat segundo, paa/segundo

ampere
ampere
[Pangngalan]

the unit of electric current, symbolized as "A" in the International System of Units

ampere, ampere

ampere, ampere

Ex: The laboratory equipment required a precise current control, and the power supply was set to 1 ampere for accurate experimentation.Ang kagamitan sa laboratoryo ay nangangailangan ng tumpak na kontrol ng kuryente, at ang power supply ay nakatakda sa 1 **ampere** para sa tumpak na eksperimentasyon.
kilometers per hour

a unit of measurement used to express speed or velocity in the metric system, representing the distance traveled in kilometers over the course of one hour

kilometro bawat oras, km/h

kilometro bawat oras, km/h

Ex: The train runs at an average of 200 kilometers per hour.Ang tren ay tumatakbo sa isang average na 200 **kilometro bawat oras**.
centiliter
centiliter
[Pangngalan]

a metric unit equal to 1/100th of a liter

sentilitro

sentilitro

Ex: We calibrated the new pipettes by transferring known volumes of 5 , 10 and 25 centiliters of distilled water .Na-calibrate namin ang mga bagong pipette sa pamamagitan ng paglilipat ng kilalang volume ng 5, 10, at 25 **centiliter** ng distilled water.
degree Celsius
degree Celsius
[Pangngalan]

a temperature scale where 0°C represents the freezing point and 100°C represents the boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure

degree Celsius

degree Celsius

Ex: In some countries, room temperatures are commonly measured and regulated in degrees Celsius.Sa ilang mga bansa, ang temperatura ng kuwarto ay karaniwang sinusukat at inaayos sa **degrees Celsius**.
pound
pound
[Pangngalan]

a unit for measuring weight equal to 16 ounces or 0.454 kilograms

libra

libra

Ex: The suitcase exceeded the airline 's weight limit by a few pounds, requiring an additional fee .Ang maleta ay lumampas sa limitasyon ng timbang ng airline ng ilang **pound**, na nangangailangan ng karagdagang bayad.
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