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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademicki - Test 3 - Czytanie - Fragment 2 (3)

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
devastating
devastating
[przymiotnik]

causing severe damage, destruction, or emotional distress

dewastujący, niszczycielski

dewastujący, niszczycielski

Ex: The devastating earthquake left the city in ruins, with many lives lost and homes destroyed. 
sediment
sediment
[Rzeczownik]

particles of solid material that settle at the bottom of a liquid

osad, sedyment

osad, sedyment

Ex: After the river flooded, a layer of sediment covered the riverbed. 
invisible
invisible
[przymiotnik]

not capable of being seen with the naked eye

niewidzialny, niedostrzegalny

niewidzialny, niedostrzegalny

Ex: The invisible ink on the paper only became visible when exposed to heat. 
extraction
extraction
[Rzeczownik]

the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means

ekstrakcja, wydobycie

ekstrakcja, wydobycie

to [catch] (on|) fire

to start burning

Ex: The old barn caught fire and burned to the ground. 
seldom
seldom
[przysłówek]

used to refer to something that happens rarely or infrequently

rzadko, nieczęsto

rzadko, nieczęsto

Ex: She seldom watches television. 
to blame
to blame
[Czasownik]

to say or feel that someone or something is responsible for a mistake or problem

obwiniać, winić

obwiniać, winić

Ex: The teacher decided to blame the entire class for the disruption, even though only a few students were involved. 
deliberate
deliberate
[przymiotnik]

done on purpose

celowy, umyślny

celowy, umyślny

Ex: His deliberate choice of words conveyed a sense of seriousness. 
to set out
to set out
[Czasownik]

to begin doing something in order to reach a goal

wyruszyć, zaczynać

wyruszyć, zaczynać

Ex: The research team set out to discover groundbreaking findings in their field. 
to [make] a living

to earn an amount of money that enables one to support oneself and pay for one's needs

Ex: She works as a freelance writer to make a living. 
to acknowledge
to acknowledge
[Czasownik]

to openly accept something as true or real

uznawać, przyznawać

uznawać, przyznawać

Ex: For the therapy to be effective, one must first acknowledge their feelings and emotions. 
to recognize
to recognize
[Czasownik]

to completely understand, acknowledge, or become aware of the existence, validity, or importance of something

rozpoznawać, uznawać

rozpoznawać, uznawać

Ex: She quickly recognized the need for better communication within the team. 
approach
approach
[Rzeczownik]

a way of doing something or dealing with a problem

podejście, metoda

podejście, metoda

Ex: The teacher's approach to discipline focuses on positive reinforcement. 
to value
to value
[Czasownik]

to regard highly and consider something as important, beneficial, or worthy of appreciation

doceniać, cenić

doceniać, cenić

Ex: The organization values transparency in its communication practices. 
sustainability
sustainability
[Rzeczownik]

the capacity to be maintained for a long time and causing no harm to the environment

zrównoważony rozwój, trwałość

zrównoważony rozwój, trwałość

Ex: Sustainability in agriculture ensures soil health for future generations. 
decision making
decision making
[Rzeczownik]

the cognitive process of reaching a decision

podejmowanie decyzji, proces decyzyjny

podejmowanie decyzji, proces decyzyjny

right
right
[Rzeczownik]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

prawo, przywilej

prawo, przywilej

Ex: Everyone has the right to free speech. 
fortune
fortune
[Rzeczownik]

the potential outcome or destiny of someone or something, often influenced by luck or circumstance

przeznaczenie, szczęście

przeznaczenie, szczęście

Ex: The fortune of the business seemed tied to the success of its latest project. 
long-term
long-term
[przymiotnik]

continuing or taking place over a relatively extended duration of time

długoterminowy, długotrwały

długoterminowy, długotrwały

Ex: Long-term planning is essential for achieving sustainable growth in any business. 
attitude
attitude
[Rzeczownik]

the typical way a person thinks or feels about something or someone, often affecting their behavior and decisions

postawa,  nastawienie

postawa, nastawienie

Ex: Her positive attitude towards challenges helped her overcome obstacles and achieve her goals. 
to go on to
to go on to
[Czasownik]

to move from one item or topic to the next in a sequence or discussion

przejść do, kontynuować z

przejść do, kontynuować z

Ex: The presenter went on to the next slide in the presentation. 
priority
priority
[Rzeczownik]

the fact or condition of being regarded or treated as more important than others

priorytet, preferencja

priorytet, preferencja

Ex: Safety is always a top priority in our workplace. 
to deny
to deny
[Czasownik]

to reject or refute the truth or existence of something

zaprzeczać, obalać

zaprzeczać, obalać

Ex: Despite the overwhelming evidence, he continued to deny the reality of climate change. 
cautiously
cautiously
[przysłówek]

in a way that shows carefulness and attention to potential danger, risk, or harm

ostrożnie, z ostrożnością

ostrożnie, z ostrożnością

Ex: She cautiously edged along the narrow ledge. 
optimistic
optimistic
[przymiotnik]

having a hopeful and positive outlook on life, expecting good things to happen

optymistyczny, pełen nadziei

optymistyczny, pełen nadziei

Ex: Despite setbacks, she remained optimistic about her future career prospects. 
awareness
awareness
[Rzeczownik]

knowledge or understanding of a specific situation, fact, or issue

świadomość,  wiedza

świadomość, wiedza

rapid
rapid
[przymiotnik]

occurring or moving with great speed

szybki, błyskawiczny

szybki, błyskawiczny

Ex: The rapid river flowed swiftly downstream. 
pace
pace
[Rzeczownik]

the rate or speed at which something progresses or changes

tempo, szybkość

tempo, szybkość

Ex: The pace of technological innovation has accelerated rapidly over the past decade. 
impression
impression
[Rzeczownik]

an opinion or feeling that one has about someone or something, particularly one formed unconsciously

wrażenie

wrażenie

Ex: Her cheerful demeanor gave me the impression that she was always happy. 
sinking
sinking
[Rzeczownik]

a slow fall or decline (as for lack of strength)

tonięcie, upadek

tonięcie, upadek

removal
removal
[Rzeczownik]

the act of removing

usunięcie, usuwanie

usunięcie, usuwanie

reference
reference
[Rzeczownik]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

odniesienie, cytat

odniesienie, cytat

Ex: The article included several references to previous studies on the topic. 
to ensure
to ensure
[Czasownik]

to make sure that something will happen

zapewniać, gwarantować

zapewniać, gwarantować

Ex: She ensures the quality of the products before they are shipped. 
inhabitant
inhabitant
[Rzeczownik]

a person or animal that resides in a particular place

mieszkaniec, rezydent

mieszkaniec, rezydent

Ex: The city has over a million inhabitants, making it one of the largest in the country. 
proportion
proportion
[Rzeczownik]

the result obtained when one quantity considered in relation to the whole

proporcja

proporcja

Ex: The recipe requires a precise proportion of flour to sugar for the cake to turn out perfectly. 
to appreciate
to appreciate
[Czasownik]

to fully understand or recognize the qualities, significance, or worth of something

doceniać, rozumieć

doceniać, rozumieć

Ex: She came to appreciate his sense of humor after spending more time with him. 
to mention
to mention
[Czasownik]

to say something about someone or something, without giving much detail

wspomnieć, wymienić

wspomnieć, wymienić

Ex: During the meeting, please mention any concerns or suggestions you may have. 
significance
significance
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being important or worthy of attention

znaczenie, waga

znaczenie, waga

Ex: The significance of her research cannot be understated in the field of medicine. 
to store
to store
[Czasownik]

to save something for future use

przechowywać, magazynować

przechowywać, magazynować

Ex: Batteries store electricity for use when the power goes out. 
to [make] way

*** Make progress

plantation
plantation
[Rzeczownik]

a large piece of land used for growing sugar cane, coffee, tea, etc., particularly in a hot country

plantacja, folwark

plantacja, folwark

Ex: The plantation produced large quantities of sugarcane for export. 
eventually
eventually
[przysłówek]

after or at the end of a series of events or an extended period

ostatecznie, w końcu

ostatecznie, w końcu

Ex: He eventually became the manager of the company. 
loss
loss
[Rzeczownik]

the act or process of no longer having someone or something

utrata, strata

utrata, strata

Ex: The loss of her keys caused her to be late. 
region
region
[Rzeczownik]

a large area of land or of the world with specific characteristics, which is usually borderless

region, obszar

region, obszar

Ex: Different regions of the country experience varying weather patterns. 
to include
to include
[Czasownik]

to make someone or something become part of something such as a whole

włączać,  zawierać

włączać, zawierać

Ex: The project manager decided to include additional features in the software. 
policy
policy
[Rzeczownik]

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

polityka

polityka

Ex: The government introduced a new fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth. 
to vary
to vary
[Czasownik]

to differ or deviate from a standard or expected condition

różnić się, zmieniać się

różnić się, zmieniać się

Ex: The results of the experiment vary significantly from the predicted outcomes, indicating unexpected factors at play. 
intention
intention
[Rzeczownik]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

zamiar, cel

zamiar, cel

Ex: She made it clear that her intention was to finish the project ahead of the deadline. 
initiative
initiative
[Rzeczownik]

the first of a series of actions

inicjatywa, pierwsze działanie

inicjatywa, pierwsze działanie

to reverse
to reverse
[Czasownik]

to change something such as a process, situation, etc. to be the opposite of what it was before

odwrócić, zmienić

odwrócić, zmienić

Ex: The new administration decided to reverse the previous government's policy on environmental regulations. 
complex
complex
[przymiotnik]

not easy to understand or analyze

złożony, skomplikowany

złożony, skomplikowany

Ex: The human brain is incredibly complex, with its functions still not fully understood. 
runoff
runoff
[Rzeczownik]

the flow of water or substances that drain away from an area of land, often carrying dirt, chemicals, or other materials

spływ powierzchniowy, odpływ

spływ powierzchniowy, odpływ

Ex: Heavy rainfall caused runoff that flooded the streets. 
to run
to run
[Czasownik]

(of liquids) to flow

płynąć,  przepływać

płynąć, przepływać

Ex: The river runs through the valley. 
generation
generation
[Rzeczownik]

the process of causing something to exist or appear

wytwarzanie, generowanie

wytwarzanie, generowanie

Ex: The invention led to the generation of new opportunities. 
degradation
degradation
[Rzeczownik]

the process of something becoming worse, weaker, or damaged, especially in quality, condition, or value

degradacja, pogorszenie

degradacja, pogorszenie

Ex: Soil degradation makes it harder to grow crops. 
towards
towards
[Przyimek]

used to indicate a person's attitude, opinion, or behavior regarding someone or something

wobec, w kierunku

wobec, w kierunku

Ex: She has always been sympathetic towards those in need. 
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