托福高级词汇 - 自然现象与环境

在这里，你将学习一些关于自然现象和环境的英语单词，如“露水”、“阵风”、“眼睛”等，这些是托福考试所需要的。

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to drizzle

[动词]

to rain lightly in fine, small drops

下毛毛雨, 细雨蒙蒙

Ex: The rain continued to drizzle throughout the afternoon , keeping everyone indoors .整个下午雨都在**毛毛雨**，让每个人都待在室内。

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to inundate

[动词]

to cover a stretch of land with a lot of water

淹没, 泛滥

Ex: The storm surge threatened to inundate the coastal towns , prompting evacuation orders .风暴潮威胁要**淹没**沿海城镇，促使疏散命令。

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anticyclone

[名词]

a weather phenomenon with an extensive circulation of winds around a central region of high barometric pressure that is connected with calm and fine weather

反气旋, 高压区

Ex: Residents took advantage of the calm weather brought by the anticyclone to enjoy outdoor activities like picnics and hiking in the mountains .居民们利用**反气旋**带来的平静天气享受野餐和山地徒步等户外活动。

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archipelago

[名词]

a large collection of islands or the sea surrounding them

群岛, 列岛

Ex: Travelers often explore the Greek archipelago for its beautiful islands .旅行者经常探索希腊**群岛**，因为它的美丽岛屿。

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aerosol

[名词]

a suspension of tiny particles or droplets in the air

气溶胶

Ex: During the allergy season , many people suffer from symptoms triggered by aerosol particles like pollen and mold spores .在过敏季节，许多人因花粉和霉菌孢子等**气溶胶**颗粒引发的症状而受苦。

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deluge

[名词]

a severe flood of water

大洪水, 洪水

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dew

[名词]

the tiny water drops that form on cool surfaces during the night, caused by condensation

露水, 夜间冷凝

Ex: In the early morning light , dew glistened like diamonds on the grass , adding a magical quality to the landscape .在清晨的光线中，**露水**像钻石一样在草地上闪闪发光，为风景增添了一种神奇的品质。

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flurry

[名词]

a small amount of rain, snow, etc. that moves in a quick and stormy way and lasts only for a short period of time

阵雪, 疾风

Ex: A brief flurry of snow made the roads slippery .一阵**小雪**使道路变得湿滑。

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gust

[名词]

a drastic and sudden rush of wind

阵风, 狂风

Ex: With each gust, the autumn leaves danced and twirled in a colorful whirlwind before settling back to the ground .随着每一次**阵风**，秋叶在五彩缤纷的旋风中跳舞旋转，然后重新落回地面。

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icicle

[名词]

a long pointed piece of ice formed by the freezing of dripping water from a surface such as a roof

冰柱, 冰凌

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cirrus

[名词]

a type of light cloud that looks wispy formed at high altitudes

卷云, 卷云

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nimbus

[名词]

a type of cloud that is dark, grey, and large, often producing rain or snow

雨云, 积雨云

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precipitation

[名词]

snow, rain, hail, etc. that falls to or condenses on the ground

降水

Ex: The accumulation of ice on power lines and tree branches during freezing precipitation can lead to power outages and hazardous road conditions .在冻结**降水**期间，电线和树枝上积冰可能导致停电和危险的道路状况。

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thaw

[名词]

a period during which the weather becomes warmer causing snow and ice to melt

融化, 解冻

Ex: After a long winter , the spring thaw revealed the first signs of green .漫长的冬天过后，春天的**融化**揭示了绿色的最初迹象。

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biohazard

[名词]

a risk to human health or to the environment caused by a biological source, especially microorganisms

生物危害, 生化危机

Ex: Biohazard warning signs were posted around the contaminated area to alert people of the potential danger from biological sources .在污染区域周围张贴了**生物危害**警告标志，以提醒人们注意来自生物源的潜在危险。

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cataclysm

[名词]

a sudden, violent natural disaster that drastically alters the earth's landscape

大灾难, 自然灾害

Ex: Landslides and rock avalanches are examples of relatively common terrestrial cataclysms that can develop with little warning .山体滑坡和岩石崩塌是相对常见的陆地**灾难**的例子，它们可以在几乎没有预警的情况下发展。

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contamination

[名词]

the act or process of making a substance or place dirty or polluted, especially by dangerous substances

污染, 玷污

Ex: Chemical contamination harmed marine life .化学**污染**危害了海洋生物。

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effluent

[名词]

liquid waste or sewage discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea

污水, 液体废物

Ex: The effluent from agricultural fields , rich in fertilizers and pesticides , often finds its way into nearby streams , causing pollution and ecosystem imbalances .来自农田的**废水**富含肥料和农药，经常流入附近的溪流，造成污染和生态系统失衡。

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epicenter

[名词]

the point on the surface of the earth vertically above the focus of an earthquake where its effects are felt most strongly

震中, 中心

Ex: During the pandemic , the city became the epicenter of the outbreak , with hospitals struggling to manage the influx of patients .疫情期间，这座城市成为疫情的**震中**，医院难以应对涌入的患者。

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eye

[名词]

the calm area at the center of a storm, hurricane, or tornado

眼, 风暴眼

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cascade

[名词]

a small steep waterfall, usually one of several others

小瀑布

Ex: The guidebook highlighted a famous cascade as a must-see attraction .指南手册强调了一个著名的**小瀑布**作为必看的景点。

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dike

[名词]

a wall built in order to stop water, especially from the sea, from entering an area

堤, 堤坝

Ex: Workers hurried to repair the damaged dike before the next high tide arrived .工人们赶在下次涨潮前匆忙修复受损的**堤防**。

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esplanade

[名词]

a level path, typically beside the sea or a river, that is wide and open where people may walk by for pleasure

海滨大道

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estuary

[名词]

the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

河口, 江口

Ex: Environmentalists work to protect estuaries from pollution and habitat destruction .环保人士致力于保护**河口**免受污染和栖息地破坏。

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gorge

[名词]

a deep narrow valley, typically with a stream running through it

峡谷, 山谷

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isthmus

[名词]

a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

地峡, 狭窄的土地

Ex: The narrow isthmus between the Mediterranean and Red Seas has long been a focal point of maritime commerce , influencing the development of civilizations in the region .地中海和红海之间的狭窄**地峡**长期以来一直是海上贸易的焦点，影响了该地区文明的发展。

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levee

[名词]

a place on a river where boats dock

码头, 泊位

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meridian

[名词]

one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

子午线, 经线

Ex: Geographers study meridians to analyze spatial relationships and understand how human activities are distributed across different regions of the world .地理学家研究**子午线**以分析空间关系并理解人类活动如何分布在世界不同地区。

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morass

[名词]

a muddy and wet piece of land in which it is possible to get stuck

沼泽, 泥潭

Ex: The morass was home to unique plant species that thrived in the wet , boggy conditions .**沼泽**是那些在潮湿、泥泞条件下茁壮成长的独特植物物种的家园。

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plateau

[名词]

an area of land that is flat and higher than the land surrounding it

高原, 台地

Ex: The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau , often called the " Roof of the World , " is the highest and largest plateau in the world .青藏高原，常被称为“世界屋脊”，是世界上最高、最大的**高原**。

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prairie

[名词]

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

大草原, 平原

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promontory

[名词]

a raised narrow mass of land that sticks out into the sea

海角, 岬

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tor

[名词]

a small rocky hill

小石山, 岩石小山

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tremor

[名词]

a small or slight earthquake

震动, 微震

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zenith

[名词]

the highest point that a certain celestial body reaches, directly above an observer

天顶, 最高点

Ex: The telescope was adjusted to track the planets as they approached their zenith.望远镜被调整以追踪行星，当它们接近它们的**天顶**时。

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crepuscular

[形容词]

relating to or resembling twilight

黄昏的, 与黄昏有关的

Ex: The forest took on a crepuscular atmosphere as the sun dipped below the horizon .当太阳沉入地平线以下时，森林呈现出**黄昏**的气氛。

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geothermal

[形容词]

connected with or produced by the heat inside the earth

地热的, 地热能的

Ex: Geothermal hotspots , like Iceland and New Zealand , are areas where the Earth 's heat is particularly accessible .**地热**热点，如冰岛和新西兰，是地球热量特别容易获取的地区。

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seismic

[形容词]

related to or caused by an earthquake

地震的, 与地震有关的

Ex: The seismic data collected by researchers provides valuable insights into the Earth 's interior structure .研究人员收集的**地震**数据为了解地球内部结构提供了宝贵的见解。

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tectonic

[形容词]

relating to the movement and arrangement of the Earth's crust

构造的, 与地壳运动和排列有关的

Ex: Tectonic movements can lead to the formation of mineral deposits and geological formations.**构造**运动可以导致矿物沉积和地质构造的形成。

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托福高级词汇

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托福高级词汇 - 自然现象与环境