Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic - Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)
Learn vocabulary from the third part of Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic, Test 1 Reading Passage 2, with useful words and expressions from the text.
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to prevent something from moving or progressing
(of a business or organization) to function or work in a specific place or in a particular manner
increasing in amount, level, number, or intensity
to be obligated to do something because it is demanded by a law or rule
to gain something positive, advantageous, or beneficial from a situation or action
the fact or state of existing or being objectively real
a sudden surprise attack on a place or group, especially by an armed force
not subject to significant change or decline
a person who is completely controlled by another person, habit, desire, or influence
very necessary for a particular purpose or situation
the business of using the land to grow and take care of crops and livestock
the activity or industry of extracting minerals and other valuable materials from the earth
a mutual understanding or agreement established between people
to not interfere with or bother someone or something, and to allow them to be as they are
harvested seeds of cereal plants considered collectively as food or an agricultural commodity
someone whose right of belonging to a particular state is legally recognized either because they are born there or are naturalized
a specific opinion on something
the upper chamber of the United States Congress
to ask something from someone in an urgent and forceful manner
a person who is responsible for a crime or wrongdoing
at or to a more advanced point or stage
feeling more confident or courageous, often as a result of encouragement or support
to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release
widely known and important or influential
an amount of money demanded or paid for the release of a person who is in captivity
used for emphasizing that a person or thing that is going to be mentioned will surprise the listener or reader
to remain functional beyond a certain period or expected lifespan
carried out jointly by multiple individuals or groups
to formally give something, often after careful consideration or approval, especially in a manner that acknowledges its significance or importance
very great in amount or number
to fight directly against an opponent or opposing force
someone or something that causes or is likely to cause danger or damage
only relating or belonging to one person
authority or control over people, resources, or operations
an area of a city or country with given official borders used for administrative purposes
to give something to a particular person or group as part of an organized distribution
to remove something harmful, unwanted, or immoral from a person, place, or system
a specific course of action that is performed in order to accomplish a certain objective
armed forces or soldiers, especially by large numbers
as a result of actions or treatment carried out by a particular person or group
to assign or establish a specific place or position for something
to have or hold something within or include something as a part of a larger entity or space
a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea
the refusal to accept or acknowledge something, especially when it is true or obvious
the state of being part of something or having a connection with it
a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal
to complete or conduct a task, job, etc.
a short reference to someone or something, often made in speech or writing without giving many details
a ship or large boat used for traveling or carrying people or goods on water
a person or group that exercises administrative or controlling power over others
the resources or activities upon which an individual or household depends for their sustenance and survival
items made or produced for sale
to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation
the typical way a person thinks or feels about something or someone, often affecting their behavior and decisions
to think about someone or something in a specified way
a particular way of seeing or understanding something
easily perceived by the mind or senses
to provide something needed or wanted
a strong request or demand for something to happen, often expressed publicly
used to introduce an opposing statement
to cause something to occur
