Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic - Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (1) in the Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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thus [adverb]

used to introduce a result based on the information or actions that came before

Ex: The proposal received unanimous approval from the board ; thus , the project was officially greenlit .

potential [noun]

the possibility or likelihood of something happening or becoming true, real, or effective

Ex: The startup has the potential to become a major player in the tech industry .

immediate [adjective]

arising directly from a specific cause or reason, without any intervening factors

Ex: His immediate reaction to the criticism was anger , though he calmed down later .

effect [noun]

a change in a person or thing caused by another person or thing

Ex: His speech had a strong effect on the audience .

to [loom] large [phrase]

***if something unpleasant or difficult looms large, it seems certain to happen

Ex: This episode finds him deep in depression as divorce looms large .

means [noun]

a way, system, object, etc. through which one can achieve a goal or accomplish a task

Ex: Public transportation provides a means for many people to commute to work .

over time [adverb]

as time passes or progresses

Ex: The study measures the increase in biodiversity over time in the protected area .

mass [adjective]

involving or impacting a large number of things or people collectively

Ex: The internet allows for mass distribution of information to global audiences .

regarding [preposition]

in relation to or concerning someone or something

Ex:

unduly [adverb]

to a greater extent than is reasonable or acceptable

Ex: He was unduly pessimistic about their chances .

to inform [verb]

to give information about someone or something, especially in an official manner

Ex: The manager informed the team of the changes in the project timeline to keep everyone updated .

persistence [noun]

the ongoing existence or continuous effort of something over a period of time, especially despite difficulties

Ex: The persistence of the problem has made it harder to find a solution .

peril [noun]

great and immediate danger, especially when one may be harmed or even killed

Ex: The crumbling infrastructure posed perils of further building collapses in the disaster zone .

misinformation [noun]

false or inaccurate information that is spread or communicated, often with the intention of deceiving or misleading others

Ex: She apologized for sharing misinformation on social media without verifying the facts first .

to verify [verb]

to examine the truth or accuracy of something

Ex: Jane had to verify her identity with a photo ID at the bank .

to battle [verb]

to overcome challenges, defend beliefs, or achieve a difficult thing

Ex: Students may battle through tough exams to excel in their studies .

widespread [adjective]

existing or spreading among many people, groups, or communities through communication, influence, or awareness

Ex: The artist ’s work gained widespread recognition after being featured in an international exhibition .

falsehood [noun]

a statement or belief that is not true

Ex: The politician 's falsehoods were quickly exposed by the media .

deliberately [adverb]

in a way that is done consciously and intentionally

Ex: She deliberately left the door unlocked to let him in .

in other words [adverb]

used to provide an alternative or clearer way of expressing the same idea

Ex: He 's frugal with his money ; in other words , he 's careful about how he spends it .

to hold [verb]

to have a specific opinion or belief about someone or something

Ex: He holds radical views on economic reform .

to promote [verb]

to help or support the progress or development of something

Ex: The government launched a campaign to promote environmental conservation and sustainability .

detrimental [adjective]

causing harm or damage

Ex: Excessive screen time before bed can be detrimental to sleep quality .

consequence [noun]

a phenomenon or event that follows from and is caused by a previous action or occurrence

Ex: They discussed the potential consequences of climate change .

observation [noun]

a fact or piece of information gathered by noticing or watching something carefully

Ex: There are three key observations that challenge the validity of the argument .

inevitable [adjective]

unable to be prevented

Ex: Given the current trajectory of climate change , it 's inevitable that sea levels will continue to rise .

roughly [adverb]

without being exact

Ex: The cake should be baked at roughly 180 degrees Celsius .

verbal [adjective]

relating to or expressed using spoken language

Ex: The verbal agreement between the two parties was sealed with a handshake .

to relate to [verb]

to be connected to or about a particular subject

Ex: The discussion will primarily relate to the financial aspects of the project .

contemporary [adjective]

belonging to the current era

Ex: I enjoy movies and TV shows that reflect contemporary cultural experiences .

mass media [noun]

widespread forms of communication, including TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet, that reach a large audience with news, information, and entertainment

Ex: The rise of social media has changed how mass media reaches people .

apparent [adjective]

seeming to be true but not necessarily

Ex: The apparent chaos in the room was actually part of the plan .

opportunity [noun]

a situation or a chance where doing or achieving something particular becomes possible or easier

Ex: Joining the volunteer program abroad offered her the opportunity to immerse herself in a new culture .

to warrant [verb]

to give good reasons to justify a particular action

Ex: The severity of the offense warranted a harsher punishment .

policy maker [noun]

someone who makes decisions about the policies that a government or organization follows

Ex: During the conference , policy makers from around the world discussed strategies to combat climate change .

to gain [verb]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

Ex: They gained the trust of their clients by consistently delivering exceptional service .

strategic [adjective]

related to long-term planning or the careful organization of actions to achieve specific goals or objectives

Ex: Strategic alliances are formed to leverage mutual strengths and resources .

first of all [adverb]

used to introduce the first and essential point or reason when presenting a series of statements

Ex: First of all , let ’s review what went wrong in the last project .

to tend [verb]

to be likely to develop or occur in a certain way because that is the usual pattern

Ex: Historical patterns suggest that economic downturns tend to lead to increased unemployment .

to action [verb]

to take steps or do something in order to achieve a particular goal or result

Ex:

initially [adverb]

at the starting point of a process or situation

Ex: I initially hated sushi , but now it 's my favorite food .

secondly [adverb]

used to introduce the second point, reason, step, etc.

Ex:

print media [noun]

the traditional form of mass communication, such as newspapers, magazines, books, and other printed materials, that convey information and entertainment through ink and paper

Ex: The company decided to advertise its new product in print media and on social media .

to appear [verb]

(of a book, program, article, etc.) to be issued, broadcasted, or published

Ex: The book is scheduled to appear in bookstores nationwide next month .

content [noun]

any form of information, media, or material that is created, published, or shared on digital platforms, including text, images, videos, articles, podcasts, and more

Ex: High-quality content can improve a brand ’s online presence .

interpersonal [adjective]

relating to interactions or relationships between people

Ex: The workshop focused on improving interpersonal communication in the workplace .

bond [noun]

a relationship between people or groups based on shared experiences, ideas, or emotions

Ex: Shared hardship can create a lasting bond between friends .

moreover [adverb]

used to introduce additional information or to emphasize a point

Ex: The product offers advanced features at an affordable price , and moreover , it comes with a warranty that ensures customer satisfaction .

thirdly [adverb]

used to introduce the third point, reason, step, etc.

Ex:

inadvertently [adverb]

by accident or through lack of attention

Ex: The website was inadvertently taken offline during the update .

inaccurate [adjective]

not precise or correct

Ex: The map was outdated and inaccurate .

era [noun]

a period of history marked by particular features or events

Ex: The Industrial Revolution ushered in an era of rapid technological and economic change .

to enable [verb]

to give someone or something the means or ability to do something

Ex: Financial assistance can enable students to pursue higher education .

to reach [verb]

to be able to be seen or heard by a number of people

Ex: The advertisement campaign placed billboards in high-traffic areas to ensure it reached a large audience .

audience [noun]

a group of individuals who receive, consume, or engage with a particular form of media, such as television shows, films, performances, or social media content

Ex: Social media influencers cater to a specific audience .

globe [noun]

the world; the planet that we live on

false [adjective]

not according to reality or facts

Ex: He shared false information without verifying its accuracy .

downstream [adjective]

happening later in a process or sequence, often with an impact on subsequent stages

Ex: Downstream operations saw increased demand after the product launch .

harmony [noun]

a state of compatibility or coordinated action among people, ideas, or groups

Ex:

across [preposition]

in all parts of a place, group, or area

Ex: The message was shared across social media .

to distribute [verb]

to spread or scatter something over a surface

Ex: She distributed the fertilizer across the lawn to promote even growth .

misperception [noun]

a wrong or mistaken understanding of something

Ex: The article corrected the public 's misperception of the event .

belief [noun]

something that we think is true or real

Ex: In some cultures , there are deeply held beliefs about the significance of certain symbols or rituals .

Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
Test 1 - Listening - Part 1	Test 1 - Listening - Part 2	Test 1 - Listening - Part 3 (1)	Test 1 - Listening - Part 3 (2)
Test 1 - Listening - Part 4 (1)	Test 1 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)
Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 1	Test 2 - Listening - Part 2 (1)
Test 2 - Listening - Part 2 (2)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 3 (1)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 3 (2)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 4 (1)
Test 2 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (3)
Test 2 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 1	Test 3 - Listening - Part 2 (1)
Test 3 - Listening - Part 2 (2)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 3 (1)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 3 (2)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 4 (1)
Test 3 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 1 (3)
Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 1 (1)
Test 4 - Listening - Part 1 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 2 (1)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 2 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 3 (1)
Test 4 - Listening - Part 3 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (1)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (3)
Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 (3)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)
Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (4)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)