lifesaving
[adjective]
relating to actions or treatments that save lives in emergency or critical situations
Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic - Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)
Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1) in the Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.
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medicine
[noun]
a substance that treats injuries or illnesses
Ex:
The
pharmacist
explained
how
to
use
the
medicine
properly
.
to view
[verb]
to regard or consider something in a particular way
Ex:
She
views
nature
as
a
source
of
inspiration
and
tranquility
.
unique
[adjective]
unlike anything else and distinguished by individuality
Ex:
Her
unique
way
of
always
seeing
the
positive
in
every
situation
makes
her
stand out
.
species
[noun]
a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into
Ex:
The
red
wolf
is
a
species
of
wolf
that
is
native
to
the
southeastern
United States
.
to lose
[verb]
to waste or fail to have good use of time or an opportunity
Ex:
He
lost
an
opportunity
by
not
attending
the
job interview
.
rush
[noun]
a sudden surge or burst of activity
Ex:
Volunteers
responded
to
a
rush
of
requests
for
help
.
to exploit
[verb]
to utilize or take full advantage of something, often resources, opportunities, or skills
Ex:
Entrepreneurs
aim
to
exploit
emerging
technologies
to
develop
innovative
solutions
and
stay ahead
in
the
competitive
market
.
mineral
[noun]
a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.
Ex:
The
geologist
discovered
a
new
mineral
deposit
in
the
mountain range
.
marine
[adjective]
related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there
Ex:
Marine
conservation
efforts
aim
to
protect
endangered species
and
preserve
marine
habitats
.
drug
[noun]
any substance that is used for medicinal purposes
Ex:
Herbal
remedies
,
derived from
plants
,
have
been
used
for
centuries
as
natural
drugs
to
address
a
wide
range
of
health
issues
,
though
their
efficacy
and
safety
can
vary
.
microbiologist
[noun]
a scientist who specializes in the study of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and their effects on living organisms
Ex:
In
the
hospital
,
the
microbiologist
helps
diagnose
bacterial
infections
.
to urge
[verb]
to strongly recommend something
Ex:
The
therapist
urged
honesty
in
discussing
emotions
and
feelings
during
therapy
sessions
.
halt
[noun]
the occurrence of something coming to a complete stop or conclusion
Ex:
The
company
announced
the
halt
of
its
operations
in
Europe
.
to weigh up
[verb]
to carefully consider the advantages and disadvantages of a situation before deciding
Ex:
As
a
responsible
consumer
,
it
's
crucial
to
weigh up
the
sustainability
of
products
.
pros and cons
[phrase]
the positive and negative elements, arguments, outcomes, etc. of something
Ex:
When
choosing
a
destination
for
their
vacation
,
the
couple
made
a
list
of
the
pros
and
cons
of
each
location
,
considering
factors
like
cost
,
weather
,
and
available
activities
.
sustainability
[noun]
the capacity to be maintained for a long time and causing no harm to the environment
Ex:
Urban planners
focus on
sustainability
to
reduce
cities
'
carbon footprints
.
to argue
[verb]
to provide reasons when saying something is the case, particularly to persuade others that one is right
Ex:
The
environmentalist
argued
for
the
preservation
of
the
rainforest
to
protect
biodiversity
.
oceanographer
[noun]
a scientist specializing in the study of oceans, focusing on their physical properties, marine life, ecosystems, and interactions with the atmosphere and land
Ex:
The
findings
of
oceanographers
help
us
understand
climate change
impacts
on
marine
ecosystems
.
remotely
[adverb]
from a different location using digital communication or technology
Ex:
The
IT
team
solved
the
problem
remotely
without
visiting
the
office
.
to spot
[verb]
to notice or see someone or something that is hard to do so
Ex:
Can
you
spot
the
hidden
details
in
the
intricate
painting
?
sea cucumber
[noun]
an invertebrate with a wormlike body that is considered a marine creature and lives on seabed, with tentacles around the mouth
tail
[noun]
the part of the body of an animal, a bird or a fish that sticks out at the back, which can move
Ex:
The
kangaroo
uses
its
tail
for
balance
while
hopping
.
to sail
[verb]
to move smoothly and gracefully with sweeping or gliding motions
Ex:
The
paper
airplane
was
expertly
folded
,
allowing
it
to
catch
the
air currents
and
sail
across
the
room
.
mining
[noun]
the process of extracting valuable minerals or other materials from the earth
Ex:
She
works
in
mining
,
specifically
in
the
extraction
of
rare
metals
.
bacteria
[noun]
(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral
Ex:
Yogurt
contains
beneficial
bacteria
that
aid
in
digestion
.
superbug
[noun]
a type or variety of bacteria or virus that has developed a resistance to multiple types of antibiotics or other treatments, making it difficult to control or eliminate
Ex:
A
deadly
superbug
outbreak
spread
rapidly
across
healthcare facilities
.
habitat
[noun]
the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows
Ex:
Urban
expansion
is
destroying
the
habitat
of
many
wild
animals
.
microbe
[noun]
a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease
sponge
[noun]
a marine invertebrate with a body full of holes through which water can circulate and nutrients can be absorbed
pathogenic
[adjective]
capable of causing disease
Ex:
Some
fungi
,
such as
Candida albicans
,
can
be
pathogenic
,
leading
to
infections
like
thrush
.
bug
[noun]
a tiny living organism that can cause disease
Ex:
The
doctor
explained
how
the
bug
spreads
.
laboratory
[noun]
a place where people do scientific experiments, manufacture drugs, etc.
Ex:
Forensic
laboratories
analyze
evidence
collected
from
crime
scenes
to
aid
in
investigations
.
breakthrough
[noun]
an important discovery or development that helps improve a situation or answer a problem
Ex:
The
company
's
new
product
represented
a
significant
breakthrough
in
renewable energy
technology
.
resistant
[adjective]
not easily affected by external influences or forces
Ex:
The
new
alloy
is
resistant
to
high temperatures
,
making it
ideal
for
aerospace
applications
.
to confirm
[verb]
to show or say that something is the case, particularly by providing proof
Ex:
The
scientist
will
confirm
the
theory
with
the
results
of
the
experiment
.
trough
[noun]
(geology) a long, narrow depression or hollow, often occurring naturally, such as in the landscape or ocean floor
Ex:
Ocean
trenches
are
examples
of
deep
underwater
troughs
formed
by
the
movement
of
tectonic
plates
.
previously
[adverb]
before the present moment or a specific time
Ex:
The
current
system
operates
more
efficiently
than
the
one
used
previously
.
term
[noun]
a single word or group of words used to name or define something
Ex:
This
term
is
commonly
used
in
computer science
.
undocumented
[adjective]
not recorded or officially recognized
Ex:
The
ancient
village
left behind
undocumented
traditions
.
prospecting
[noun]
the act of searching for valuable things like minerals, oil, or opportunities
Ex: