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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic - Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (1) in the Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
to prowl
to prowl
[Verb]

to roam about without a specific purpose

Ex: The cat liked to prowl around the neighborhood at night. 
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to raid
to raid
[Verb]

to enter a place and remove or take away a large number of things quickly and illegally, often as part of a criminal enterprise or activity

Ex: The thieves raided the jewelry store and stole millions in diamonds. 
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merchant ship

a vessel designed for transporting goods and merchandise as part of commercial trade

Ex: The merchant ship docked at the harbor, unloading crates of spices and textiles. 
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to threaten

to indicate a potential danger or risk to someone or something

Ex: His aggressive behavior began to threaten the safety of those around him. 
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vital
vital
[Adjective]

absolutely necessary and of great importance

Ex: Adequate hydration is vital for maintaining overall health. 
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trade route

a regularly used path or route across the sea, often for the exchange of goods and services between different places or countries

Ex: This ancient trade route at sea connected Asia and Europe. 
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state
state
[noun]

a country under the control of one government

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
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piracy
piracy
[noun]

the act of attacking or robbing ships at sea, often for financial gain

Ex: Piracy was common in the Caribbean during the 17th century. 
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interest
interest
[noun]

something that benefits or advantages someone or something, often in a specific situation

Ex: The organization is focused on defending the interests of local businesses. 
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republic
republic
[noun]

a state or country where power is held by the people or their elected representatives, typically with an elected head of state rather than a monarch

Ex: France became a republic after the French Revolution. 
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massive
massive
[Adjective]

extremely large or heavy

Ex: The museum displayed a massive dinosaur skeleton. 
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fleet
fleet
[noun]

a group of naval vessels organized as a single fighting or operational unit

Ex: The Pacific Fleet was deployed near the coast. 
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to eliminate

to fully remove or get rid of something

Ex: The exterminator worked to eliminate the infestation of pests in the house. 
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under
under
[preposition]

being subject to the rule, authority, or governance of something or someone

Ex: The country is under the rule of a monarchy. 
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command
command
[noun]

a military unit, area, or operation that is under the control and direction of one officer or leader

Ex: He was given command of the entire naval fleet. 
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Roman
Roman
[Adjective]

related to ancient Rome, its citizens, or empire

Ex: The Roman architecture of the Colosseum is admired for its grandeur and engineering. 
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general
general
[noun]

a high-ranking officer in the army, Air Force, or Marines

Ex: The general addressed the troops, outlining the strategy for the upcoming campaign with confidence and clarity. 
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to eradicate

to completely destroy something, particularly a problem or threat

Ex: The international community is collaborating to eradicate the illegal wildlife trade. 
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to transform

to change the appearance, character, or nature of a person or object

Ex: The renovation project aims to transform the old building into a modern and functional space. 
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to record
to record
[Verb]

to store information in a way that can be used in the future

Ex: She records her daily expenses in a spreadsheet. 
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reign
reign
[noun]

the length of time during which a king, queen, or other monarch rules

Ex: Queen Victoria's reign lasted over 63 years. 
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pharaoh
pharaoh
[noun]

a title used for ancient Egyptian rulers

Ex: The pharaohs of ancient Egypt were considered god-kings, ruling with absolute authority over their kingdom. 
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reasonable
reasonable
[Adjective]

demonstrating sensible judgment or fairness in decision-making

Ex: The judge made a reasonable decision based on the evidence presented in court. 
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pirate
pirate
[noun]

a person who attacks and robs ships at sea, typically for personal gain

Ex: The pirate attacked the merchant ship and stole its cargo. 
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to sail
to sail
[Verb]

to travel on water using the power of wind or an engine

Ex: The sailboat gracefully sailed across the open sea, propelled by the ocean breeze. 
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pursuer
pursuer
[noun]

a person or thing that chases, follows, or tries to catch something or someone

Ex: The pursuer quickly caught up with the runaway thief. 
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to [come|spring] (to|into) mind

(of an idea or thought) to suddenly be remembered or thought of

Ex: When I heard the news, memories of our childhood summers immediately sprang to mind. 
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crew
crew
[noun]

all the people who work on a ship, aircraft, etc.

Ex: The ship’s crew prepared for departure early in the morning. 
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misfit
misfit
[noun]

a person or thing that is out of place or does not conform to the norms or expectations of a particular group, environment, or situation

Ex: He always felt like a misfit at school, unable to connect with his classmates. 
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daredevil
daredevil
[noun]

someone who is reckless and likes putting themselves in danger

Ex: The daredevil performed breathtaking stunts on a motorcycle at the show. 
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sailing ship

a boat that uses large pieces of cloth called sails to catch the wind and move across the water

Ex: The museum displayed a model of an ancient sailing ship. 
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Caribbean
Caribbean
[noun]

a region of islands and territories in the Caribbean Sea known for its tropical climate, diverse cultures, and natural beauty

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millennium

a period of one thousand years, usually calculated from the year of the birth of Jesus Christ

Ex: Historians study events that occurred during the first millennium AD to understand ancient civilizations. 
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swashbuckler

a daring or adventurous person, who engages in brave or reckless activities

Ex: His reputation as a swashbuckler made him a legend in the town. 
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to predate

to exist or occur at an earlier time than something else

Ex: Fossils of dinosaurs predate modern humans by millions of years. 
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civilization

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
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partly
partly
[Adverb]

to a specific extent or degree

Ex: The project was successful partly due to her leadership. 
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due to
due to
[preposition]

as a result of a specific cause or reason

Ex: The flight delay was due to heavy fog at the airport. 
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predominantly

in a manner that consists mostly of a specific kind, quality, etc.

Ex: The region is predominantly agricultural, with vast expanses of farmland. 
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fertile
fertile
[Adjective]

(of land or soil) able to produce crops or plants well

Ex: The fertile soil in the valley yielded abundant harvests of wheat and corn each year. 
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rugged
rugged
[Adjective]

(of land or terrain) rough, uneven, and often difficult to navigate, with features such as steep slopes or rocky surfaces

Ex: The rugged mountains were difficult to climb. 
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hilly
hilly
[Adjective]

having many hills

Ex: The village is located in a hilly area, perfect for hiking. 
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mountainous
mountainous
[Adjective]

(of an area) having a lot of mountains

Ex: The mountainous region offers breathtaking views and challenging hikes. 
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inhabitant

a person or animal that resides in a particular place

Ex: The city has over a million inhabitants, making it one of the largest in the country. 
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to rely on

to depend on someone or something for support and assistance

Ex: The company relies on its dedicated employees to succeed. 
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heavily
heavily
[Adverb]

to a great or considerable extent

Ex: The economy is heavily reliant on tourism. 
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marine
marine
[Adjective]

related to the sea and the different life forms that exist there

Ex: Marine mammals, such as dolphins and whales, are well-adapted to life in the ocean. 
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resource
resource
[noun]

(usually plural) a country's gas, oil, trees, etc. that are considered valuable and therefore can be sold to gain wealth

Ex: The country's natural resources include oil, natural gas, and minerals. 
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to possess

to have a particular quality, attribute, knowledge, or skill

Ex: She possesses a remarkable talent for playing the piano. 
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seafaring
seafaring
[Adjective]

concerning or involving travel by sea, especially for work or adventure

Ex: The seafaring life was filled with long journeys and constant challenges. 
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unsurpassed
unsurpassed
[Adjective]

not exceeded by anything or anyone else

Ex: The chef's culinary skills were unsurpassed, creating dishes that delighted the most discerning palates. 
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coastline
coastline
[noun]

the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

Ex: The rugged coastline stretched for miles. 
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thus
thus
[Adverb]

used to introduce a result based on the information or actions that came before

Ex: She saved consistently each month; thus, she was able to afford the vacation she had always dreamed of. 
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to turn to

to begin doing something harmful, like crime or drugs, often as a response to feeling unhappy

Ex: He turned to stealing after losing his job. 
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numerous
numerous
[Adjective]

indicating a large number of something

Ex: The library has numerous books on various subjects. 
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cove
cove
[noun]

a small curved area of land that partly encloses a specific part of the sea

Ex: The beach nestled within the cove offered calm waters for swimming. 
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to strike
to strike
[Verb]

to launch a planned and forceful attack against an enemy or target

Ex: The military planned to strike the enemy's base at dawn. 
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undetected
undetected
[Adjective]

not discovered, noticed, or detected, often referring to something that was searched or looked for

Ex: The error remained undetected until the final check. 
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oceangoing
oceangoing
[Adjective]

designed or capable of traveling on the open sea, especially over long distances

Ex: The oceangoing vessel was built to withstand harsh ocean conditions. 
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open water

any body of water that is not contained within a defined or enclosed area

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navigable
navigable
[Adjective]

(of a sea or other area of water) deep or wide enough for ships or boats to travel through

Ex: The river remained navigable throughout the year. 
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to lade
to lade
[Verb]

to load or put cargo on board a ship

Ex: At the bustling port, cranes laded containers onto the massive cargo ship. 
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might
might
[noun]

the influence, control, or power that comes from status, money, or position

Ex: The might of the empire spread across many lands. 
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caravel
caravel
[noun]

a small, fast sailing ship used in the past mainly by the Portuguese and Spanish

Ex: The explorers set sail in a caravel to discover new lands. 
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circa
circa
[preposition]

used typically before a date to show that it is not exact

Ex: The first records appeared circa 1500. 
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route
route
[noun]

a fixed way between two places, along which a bus, plane, ship, etc. regularly travels

Ex: She looked at the route map before her road trip. 
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to hold
to hold
[Verb]

to have information, meaning, or condition

Ex: The book holds the answers to your questions. 
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