Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic - Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)

Here you can fine the vocabulary from Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (2) in the Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

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to counter [verb]

to do something to avoid or decrease the harmful or unpleasant effects of something

Ex: Regular exercise can counter the negative impact of a sedentary lifestyle .

momentarily [adverb]

for a very short time

Ex: The train stopped momentarily for passengers to board .

either [determiner]

one or the other of two things or people, no matter which

Ex:

skepticism [noun]

a doubting or questioning attitude towards ideas, beliefs, or claims that are generally accepted

Ex: Despite the company 's assurances , there was widespread skepticism among the employees about the new policy .

to reside [verb]

to be located in a particular place

Ex: The valuable artifact now resides in the museum ’s exhibit hall .

to perceive [verb]

to realize through the senses

Ex: Cats can perceive high-frequency sounds that are inaudible to humans .

regulatory [adjective]

creating and enforcing rules or regulations to control or govern a particular activity or industry

Ex: The regulatory approval process for new drugs involves rigorous testing to assess their safety and efficacy .

agency [noun]

a business or organization that provides services to other parties, especially by representing them in transactions

Ex:

post hoc [noun]

a mistake of thinking one event caused another just because it happened first

Ex: It is a post hoc error to believe that the accident was caused by the change in schedule .

detection [noun]

the act of noticing or discovering that something has happened or exists

Ex: The security system relies on the detection of unusual activity .

to broadcast [verb]

to use airwaves to send out TV or radio programs

Ex: The cable channel broadcasts documentaries on nature and wildlife .

Food and Drug Administration [noun]

an agency responsible for protecting public health by regulating food, drugs, medical devices, and other related products

Ex:

considerable [adjective]

large in quantity, extent, or degree

Ex: The storm left a considerable amount of debris scattered across the neighborhood .

monitoring [noun]

the act of regularly checking or observing something to ensure it is functioning correctly or to gather information

Ex: Environmental monitoring helps track pollution levels over time .

notification [noun]

the act of officially informing someone about something, usually in writing

function [noun]

the purpose or intended use of something

Ex: The function of the key is to unlock the door .

role [noun]

a set of actions and responsibilities that are assigned to a person or group within a specific context

preemptive [adjective]

done before something else happens to prevent a problem or danger

Ex: The school installed security cameras as a preemptive step to prevent vandalism .

censoring [noun]

the act of examining and removing or altering content that is considered offensive or harmful

Ex: The censoring of violent scenes in movies is common for younger audiences .

to oversee [verb]

to observe an activity in order to ensure that everything is done properly

Ex: The supervisor has overseen the training of new employees .

prescription drug [noun]

a medication that needs a written order from a licensed healthcare provider to be bought because of its potential side effects and risks

Ex: The doctor prescribed a common painkiller as a prescription drug for my injury .

advertising [noun]

a paid announcement that draws public attention to a product or service

Ex: Social media advertising has become an essential tool for modern businesses .

typically [adverb]

in a way that usually happens

Ex: The restaurant is typically busy on weekends .

violation [noun]

the act of breaking a legal code

guideline [noun]

a principle or instruction based on which a person should behave or act in a particular situation

Ex: The government issued new guidelines for safe social distancing in public places .

laudable [adjective]

(of an idea, intention, or act) deserving of admiration and praise, regardless of success

Ex: Despite their differences , both parties agreed on the laudable objective of improving healthcare .

effort [noun]

an attempt to do something, particularly something demanding

Ex: Learning a new language requires persistent effort and practice .

initially [adverb]

at the starting point of a process or situation

Ex: I initially hated sushi , but now it 's my favorite food .

to encounter [verb]

to come across or meet someone or something, often unexpectedly or by accident

Ex: As I walked through the park , I encountered an artist painting a beautiful landscape .

tremendous [adjective]

of great extent or intensity

Ex: His efforts had a tremendous effect on the success of the project .

to estimate [verb]

to make an educated guess about how likely something is to happen

Ex: Can you estimate how probable it is for the event to be canceled ?

fairly [adverb]

more than average, but not too much

Ex: She is fairly good at playing the piano .

to come across [verb]

to discover, meet, or find someone or something by accident

Ex: I was browsing through a bookstore when I came across a novel that caught my attention .

to label [verb]

to assign a quality to someone or something in order to categorize them

Ex: Some people label him as a genius because of his remarkable inventions .

to garner [verb]

to obtain or earn something desired or needed, typically through effort or skill

Ex: He garnered praise for his outstanding performance in the play .

debate [noun]

a discussion about a particular issue between two opposing sides, mainly held publicly

Ex: A heated debate erupted in the council meeting over the proposed budget cuts .

dilemma [noun]

a situation that is difficult because a choice must be made between two or more options that are equally important

Ex: The politician 's dilemma was whether to support the new policy that was popular but potentially harmful in the long run .

neatly [adverb]

in an orderly and tidy manner, with things arranged properly and cleanly

Ex: The bed had been made neatly , with no creases in the sheets .

to summarize [verb]

to give a short and simplified version that covers the main points of something

Ex: The presenter used bullet points to summarize the key points of the presentation for the audience .

contrast [noun]

the noticeable difference or opposition between two or more things that are compared

Ex: The essay highlighted the contrast between rural and urban lifestyles .

philosopher [noun]

a person who studies or thinks deeply about fundamental questions concerning knowledge, existence, ethics, and reasoning

Ex: He admired the works of philosophers like Aristotle and Plato .

conflicting [adjective]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

Ex: The politician 's statements were conflicting , causing confusion among the public regarding their stance on the issue .

empirically [adverb]

in a way that is based on observation, experience, or practical evidence rather than just theoretical ideas

Ex: Empirically , the scientist tested the hypothesis through experiments and direct observations .

to argue [verb]

to provide evidence or support for a particular conclusion or viewpoint

Ex: The testimonies from multiple witnesses argue his responsibility for the accident .

to reject [verb]

to refuse to accept a proposal, idea, person, etc.

Ex: She rejected the dress because it did n't fit her well .

by default [phrase]

if something happens by default, it happens because one has not made any other decision or choices that would make things happen differently

subsequently [adverb]

after a particular event or time

Ex: She gave a brief introduction and subsequently opened the floor to questions .

through [preposition]

used to indicate the method or channel by which something is done

Ex: The funds were raised through donations .

cognitive [adjective]

referring to mental processes involved in understanding, thinking, and remembering

Ex: The cognitive abilities of children develop rapidly during early childhood .

empirical [adjective]

based upon observations or experiments instead of theories or ideas

Ex: The study aimed to provide empirical evidence for the effectiveness of the new drug .

account [noun]

a general description of an idea, a theory, or an event

Ex: His account of the scientific theory was both detailed and accessible to a general audience .

engagement [noun]

the act of participating or being actively involved in something

Ex: She showed great engagement with the information presented during the meeting .

exposure [noun]

the act of making something visible or known to the public

Ex: The product received wide exposure at the trade show .

to encode [verb]

to process or convert information into a format that can be stored, understood, or used later

Ex: The body encodes experiences into long-term memory .

to tag [verb]

to label or identify someone or something with a specific descriptive term or nickname

Ex: She playfully tagged her brother as the king of dad jokes for his endless supply of puns and one-liners .

resource [noun]

qualities, skills, or abilities that help someone manage challenges or accomplish tasks

Ex: The manager used her leadership resources to guide the team .

preemptively [adverb]

in a way that prevents something from happening by taking action ahead of time

Ex: The company preemptively raised prices to cover rising costs .

direct-to-consumer [adjective]

selling products or services directly to the customer, without using stores or other middlemen

Ex: The direct-to-consumer strategy has allowed the company to build stronger relationships with its customers .

in support of [adverb]

in a manner that shows help, approval, or agreement for something or someone

Ex: The team gathered in support of their coach .

structure [noun]

the manner in which the parts of something are arranged, connected, or organized

mechanism [noun]

a system of separate parts acting together in order to perform a task

consistent [adjective]

following the same course of action or behavior over time

Ex: His consistent kindness towards others earned him the reputation of being a reliable friend .

Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
Test 1 - Listening - Part 1	Test 1 - Listening - Part 2	Test 1 - Listening - Part 3 (1)	Test 1 - Listening - Part 3 (2)
Test 1 - Listening - Part 4 (1)	Test 1 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)
Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 1 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 1	Test 2 - Listening - Part 2 (1)
Test 2 - Listening - Part 2 (2)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 3 (1)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 3 (2)	Test 2 - Listening - Part 4 (1)
Test 2 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 1 (3)
Test 2 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 2 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 1	Test 3 - Listening - Part 2 (1)
Test 3 - Listening - Part 2 (2)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 3 (1)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 3 (2)	Test 3 - Listening - Part 4 (1)
Test 3 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 1 (3)
Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 1 (1)
Test 4 - Listening - Part 1 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 2 (1)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 2 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 3 (1)
Test 4 - Listening - Part 3 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (1)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (2)	Test 4 - Listening - Part 4 (3)
Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 (1)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 (2)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 1 (3)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (1)
Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (2)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (3)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 2 (4)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (1)
Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (2)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (3)	Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (4)