Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - سیاست و ساختار اجتماعی

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

belonging to the wealthy property-owning class that profits from and exploits the working class, as described in Marxist theory

a secret plot, especially one designed to gain power or manipulate events behind the scenes

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

the collective body of clients served by a business, professional, or institution

a small, exclusive group of individuals who share similar interests, attitudes, or social status

a government of politicians or military officers that forcefully obtained power

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

a form of government or society in which power is held and influenced primarily by the wealthy or a small privileged class

the minimum number of people that must be present for a meeting to officially begin or for decisions to be made

a small, exclusive group of people with shared interests

having no interest or involvement in politics

to meet privately as a group to discuss strategy, make decisions, or select candidates

an official and binding order or decision recorded by a court as if issued by a judge

to divide voting districts in a way that would advantage a particular group or party more

strongly favoring a particular party, cause, or group, often in a biased way

the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

an official document that sets out a specific order or command to be carried out

an exclusive right or privilege held by a specific person or group, often due to official position or inheritance

a position of dominant power, influence, or control over others

intended for or relating to ordinary people; popular or accessible in style

having a focus on a particular ethnic group, especially with the belief that it is superior or more important than others

a situation or state in which someone does not know or wishes to avoid the unpleasant things that can normally happen to people in their ordinary lives

to be in control and have absolute power in a group or in a situation

a division between a group of people caused by their disagreement over beliefs or views

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

a cruel ruler with absolute power

indebted or obligated to someone because of a favor or kindness they have done

a strong, negative response, against a recent event, decision, or trend

the social or cultural setting or environment

to adopt a different policy in face of a difficult or unexpected problem

relating to women in general