ورود
people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles
آریستوکراسی, طبقه اشراف
belonging to the wealthy property-owning class that profits from and exploits the working class, as described in Marxist theory
بورژوایی, سرمایه‌داری
a secret plot, especially one designed to gain power or manipulate events behind the scenes
توطئه
a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession
نظام اجتماعی برپایه‌ی تمایزات طبقاتی
the collective body of clients served by a business, professional, or institution
ارباب‌رجوع, مشتریان
a small, exclusive group of individuals who share similar interests, attitudes, or social status
محفل, گروه، دسته
a government of politicians or military officers that forcefully obtained power
هونتا, دولت نظامی
a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization
اُلیگارشی
a form of government or society in which power is held and influenced primarily by the wealthy or a small privileged class
توانگرسالاری, پلوتوکراسی
the minimum number of people that must be present for a meeting to officially begin or for decisions to be made
حد نصاب
a small, exclusive group of people with shared interests
انجمن, محفل، جرگه
having no interest or involvement in politics
غیرسیاسی
to meet privately as a group to discuss strategy, make decisions, or select candidates
نامزدهای انتخاباتی یا خط مشی سیاسی را تعیین کردن
an official and binding order or decision recorded by a court as if issued by a judge
یک فرمان, یک دستور قضایی
to divide voting districts in a way that would advantage a particular group or party more
در انتخابات دستکاری کردن, در انتخابات تقلب کردن
displaying support and favoritism toward a party or cause, usually without giving it much thought
متعصب
the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct
فتنه, اغتشاش
the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections
حق رأی
an official document that sets out a specific order or command to be carried out
حکم, فرمان
an exclusive right or privilege held by a specific person or group, often due to official position or inheritance
حق ویژه, امتیاز انحصاری
a position of dominant power, influence, or control over others
برتری, سلطه
intended for or relating to ordinary people; popular or accessible in style
مردمی, عامیانه
having a focus on a particular ethnic group, especially with the belief that it is superior or more important than others
قوم‌محور, متمرکز بر گروه قومی خود
a situation or state in which someone does not know or wishes to avoid the unpleasant things that can normally happen to people in their ordinary lives
خواب گران
to be in control and have absolute power in a group or in a situation
همه‌کاره بودن
a division between a group of people caused by their disagreement over beliefs or views
تفرقه, اختلاف، جدایی
a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support
سیاستمدار عوام‌فریب
a cruel ruler with absolute power
حاکم مطلق, سلطان مستبد، ظالم
indebted or obligated to someone because of a favor or kindness they have done
مدیون
a strong, negative response, against a recent event, decision, or trend
واکنش منفی, واکنش متقابل
the social or cultural setting or environment
محیط, قلمرو، اطراف، دوروبَر
to adopt a different policy in face of a difficult or unexpected problem
تغییر روش دادن (هنگام مواجهه با شرایط سخت)
| کمبریج انگلیسی: CPE (C2 مهارت) |
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